Statement ngolwimi Russian ababhali Russian. iinkcazelo ezimfutshane ngolwimi Russian

ulwimi Russian bobabo amazwe phakathi eziphezulu ezintlanu kwinani labantu abathetha ngayo. Lulwimi olusemthethweni eRashiya, kumazwe inter-zobuhlanga kwelo lalisakuba yiSoviet Union, igosa UN. Ukohluka isiqulatho lolwazi, ukuphuphuma zesimbo, iilwimi, iindlela ekhululekile kunye namathuba - loo nto iyinxalenye nje ezo zinto yongezani ukuba azuze ukutyhubela iinkulungwane ikhona, ulwimi Russian. Iingxelo ababhali enkulu, inkcubeko Slavic nendawo eyodwa ngolwimi lwethu kuyo (kokwabo isebe empuma) igxininise ukuba ngokuhamba kwexesha indima yalo ekuhlaleni ehlabathini inyusa kuphela.

Akwanelanga ukuba ufunde uthethe kuphela nembonakalo yakhe. Umntu ofundileyo ngokwenene ngulowo Iyakwazi imithetho kunye neempawu zolwimi yoncwadi, apho wayesebenza ngamaxesha onke ababhali zibhetele iimbongi of Russia.

Into esinayo - ke musa ukugcina ...

Kodwa ke, ngelishwa, ngexesha langoku ibakala karhulumente Russian ulwimi (kokubini kwincoko noncwadi) ebangela impikiswano ngakumbi kwaye ufumana uvavanyo exutyiweyo. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba yonke imihla kufanele sibonakalise ukuba ngokupheleleyo neengxaki zobomi, ngoko ke uvumele ukusetyenziswa isixa esikhulu ematyaleni (bona ihlale ikhona, kodwa kwakukho umlinganiselo), engaphucukanga ulutsha kunye nejagoni, abanyelisi, yaye ulwimi intlonti. Abanye, ngesiqhelo abantu abanemfundo philological, ukhathazwa nesibakala sokuba ikratshi ubudala ubudala yabantu (khumbula iingxelo ezininzi ngababhali ezibalaseleyo ulwimi Russian) kupheliswe ukuba njalo kwixesha elizayo. Kwaye oku kuyaqondakala. Amaxesha amaninzi, TV screen okanye iqonga eliphezulu yezopolitiko (kuqikelelwa ukuba abantu abafundileyo abantu) siva intetho a lot of iimpazamo zegrama orthoepic, ubonakale kude kuse umfundi eziqhelekileyo. Kodwa kutshanje isithethi umsebenzi okanye isithethi ufuna uqeqesho olulodwa, kunye nokusebenza ngokwayo umzekelo intetho abanobuchule ukuba wonke ummi weli lizwe enkulu.

Ziziphi izizathu kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezayo hlobo ngolwimi Russian, echaphazela kakubi iwonga lalo ngezenzeko?

Thetha ngokufanelekileyo - hayi nendlela

Kuyinto izandi ebuhlungu, kodwa yinyaniso. Abaphulaphuli badla atsaleleka ngakumbi ubuchule interlocutor ukuba ukubonisa muon ezintle, abo ingakumbi amazwe. Akukhathaliseki, kufanelekile ukuba isetyenziswa (kubalulekile ukuba ukucaphula V. Belinsky, owabhala ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwamagama asemzini, endaweni Russian ekhoyo ubonakala nokutyhola "ingqiqo kunye incasa eqhelekileyo ...") kunye nokuba nentsingiselo layo ophambene. Amaninzi kakhulu kuqingqo ekuhlaleni kunye nesakhono ivelele esihlweleni, nokuba kubonisa nalwazi olupheleleyo okanye nokudelela nesithethe yokuziphatha. Kulo mba, ndikhumbula akukho ingxelo eyodwa ngolwimi Russian ababhali Russian. Umzekelo, ukuba ezinye indlela yokujamelana ulwimi - kuthetha ukucinga kwakhona into efana (Tolstoy). YaseChekhov, ndicinga ngeempawu zomntu okrelekrele, wathi ukuthetha kakubi "kufuneka luthathwe amanyala kangangoko ukuba bakwazi ukufunda nokubhala 'kuye. Good ukwazi ukukhumbula ukuba abezopolitiko zethu, amanani yenkcubeko, TV kunye nabasebenzi erediyo elungiselela uhlobo olwahlukileyo yokuthetha esidlangalaleni.

Savings zamagama - uphawu ixesha lokuzila ongatshiyo

Enye simo ezimbi ekhokelela ukudinwa ulwimi Russian - ukusetyenziswa esebenzayo kubomi bemihla Kwiiselula kunye Internet. Ngokuba zonke ngokwemeko yazo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba abantu banamhlanje baye phantse bayeke ukubhala nokufunda. Phantsi rush rhoqo SMS elifutshane ziye zaba iyindlela eyinhloko lolwazi kuphela ulutsha kunye nabantu abatsha, kodwa abo abadala. Kodwa sele eminyaka zikhona oonobumba yemveli zonke izinto elidluleyo - kwafakwa nge e-mail, ngokuqhelekileyo kuqulethe ngamabinzana embalwa, ngokungxama ihonjiswe. Kwelinye icala, Kakade ke, yinto elungileyo ukuba isizukulwana mihla akufundayo ngokufutshane ukuvakalisa iingcinga zabo ngohlobo lokuba modem eyenzekayo. Ngapha koko, nkqu Nekrasov ebizwa ukutsho oko, "watsho ukuba wayesondele, neengcinga - eliphangaleleyo." Yiloo nto kanye ingxelo emfutshane ulwimi Russian kunye neenzuzo intetho emfutshane idla linjalo. Ngenxa azibenzi uba ibonakalisa ukucinga kakuhle, ukunqongophala isigama, kunokuba ingqondo elibukhali.

Amandla amakhulu zokuvakalisa ezobugcisa

Esi sizukulwana sangoku lembandezelo, njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, kukuba phantse sele wayeka ukufunda. imisebenzi Classical, isibini eminyaka eyadlulayo, kwakhona funda-abaleqa namaxesha eziliqela namhlanje abafundi abaninzi - hayi nje kuphela! - aba yokusebenza. Yintoni ngokwenene apho ukonwabela imibongo zobungangamela Pushkin, Lermontov, Blok, Yesenin, Tsvetayeva ... okanye novelwano wokwenene amaqhawe Gogol, Turgenev, Tolstoy, Bunin, yaseChekhov, Bulgakov ... Namhlanje woyisa isishwankathelo lwabo - sele ibe yimpumelelo. Ngelo xesha, zocaphulo kunye neentetho malunga noncwadi Russian ingqina eziqhelekileyo elide kuwo onke yokucinga, ukufunda imisebenzi elungileyo wobugcisa kunceda ukufunda ukuthetha kakuhle kwaye ngokuchanekileyo, ngokufutshane ngokuchanileyo baveze iingcamango zabo. Umzekelo, M. Lomonosov ngexesha elifanelekileyo le ncwadi kugqalwa umthombo "ubuhle, ubungangamsha, amandla kunye nokuqhama ulwimi Russian." Descartes ebizwa ukufunda iincwadi ezilungileyo "Iingxoxo kunye nabantu best amaxesha bahamba nge ...". Kwaye kuphela abo bayakwazi ukuba ulwimi ngokupheleleyo wobugcisa, luya kuvula intsingiselo kweli binzana K.Paustovsky: "A eninzi amazwi Russian ziveza isihobe ...".

pop kulawulwa kanye tabloids

Yintoni ingena imbuyekezo Classic ulutsha iincwadi ngubani ngomso uza kumela ilizwe lethu nokuphatha it? Isikakhulu elifutshane, kodwa ekhumbulekayo "Musi-pusi" yaye "amashiya Qhwaba" iingoma pop engamampunge umculo ezinesingqi. Okanye olungenasiphelo amathambo peremyvaniya kunye nezifundo zamandulo in ezisezantsi-nebunzi iimpapasho: yethabloyidi enamakhasi, amabali yethabloyidi enamakhasi zokucupha neenoveli ngothando. Kwaye sele apha siyakukhumbula iingxelo ababhali enkulu ulwimi Russian, apho ngokuba "bhetyebhetye, nohlaza, inexhaustibly zizityebi, ekrelekrele, isixhobo enkondlo" (Tolstoy), inceda ebomini, okanye "into ezixabisekileyo ngokwalo," apho "zonke grainy , ezinkulu, neyeeperile ngokwakhe "(UNikolai Gogol).

Ukuthanda lizwe luqala uthando ulwimi

Ukuqiqa ngolo hlobo akukanikwa ngxelo enye ingcamango ebalulekileyo. Umntu ngamnye kufuneka uhlale ukhumbula enye into: ngaphandle ulwazi kakuhle ulwimi lweenkobe akanakuba a ngokuthanda uhlanga, nto ingqinwa ingxelo emfutshane malunga ulwimi Russian. Ulwimi wesizwe - i "imbali yabantu, indlela impucuko kunye nenkcubeko" (Kuprin), "uvumo ebantwini, umphefumlo kunye nobomi ..." (P. Vyazemsky). Yiloo nto rhoqo kunye imithombo documentary ukuba ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo iinkqubo ezenzekayo ngexesha kuphuhliso lizwe, uqhelane kunye imisebenzi lwemveli (ingakumbi imizekeliso, iingoma, epics), yobuciko yoncwadi lwamandulo, isigama zemfundo.

UPawulos, ndifuna ukutsalela ingqalelo amagama adumileyo kakuhle N. Karamzin ukuba ndingabizi ngokwakho ngokuthanda ngaphandle uthando ngolwimi lwenkobe.

Beka emhlabeni

Ngabandayo abantu abaninzi ukuba babe intetho Kuyimpoxo ingakumbi kwimvelaphi le ukuqatshelwa ukufaneleka abasemzini zethu negrama. Ngokomzekelo, ingxelo intle iinkokeli zolwimi Russian amazwe ugxininisa noludumileyo yakhe phezu kwezinye iilwimi aziwayo. Izityebi bonke "iziyelelane yaseYurophu", "izibongo ulwimi" wayibiza ngokuba umbhali French P. Merimee, "entle", "ulwimi ephilileyo kakhulu ezinamandla abazizityebi" - Engels. Kuyinto ebalulekileyo apha nengxelo ulwimi Russian ababhali Russian. Ukuqaphela Worldwide kunye noludumileyo wegrama Russian ezibhiyozelwa iimbongi M. Lomonosov M. Derzhavin. Ngokutsho Dostoevsky enye, kakuhle kuphela ngolwimi ngokupheleleyo lomthonyama, unako ukufunda olunye ulwimi. Ngaba emangalisayo kunye nembono ka-Leo Tolstoy, umnini French ngokupheleleyo. Wavuma ukuba yokupasa yokugqibela kuphela "ukubonisa off", kodwa intliziyo iintliziyo uyakwazi ukuthetha kuphela in Russian.

"Ulwimi Russian - olunye lweelwimi bazizinhanha emhlabeni ..."

Wabhala ngaphezu kwekhulu eyadlulayo Belinsky. Fundisisa iingxelo ababhali enkulu ulwimi Russian, ungenza ngokuthe ngcembe ukuqonda imithetho zentetho egqibeleleyo, eyaba, njengoko sele sibonile, lwepaki kule mihla. "Akukho izandi, imibala, imifanekiso kunye neengcamango, eziye zafunyanwa ibinzana ngqo", - watsho K. Paustovsky. Kwaye yaseChekhov, bezama ukusindisa bexesha lakhe kunye nenzala evela Ukuntsonkotha ngokugqithiseleyo ngamagama, walumkisa: "Le ulwimi kufuneka olulula ezintle." Emva koko, ezandleni ekwaziyo oko, wacinga A.Kuprin, uya kuba 'ezintle, emnandi, ekhululekile, bhetyebhetye, abathobelayo, smart kwaye eliphangaleleyo, "yaye, ngokutsho K.Paustovsky, kunye nayo ungakwazi" izimanga ".

Zigcwele uthando nentlonelo, kwaye bonke amazwi neembongi Russian ulwimi Russian.

"I omkhulu, oligorha, unenyaniso yaye free ..."

epithets ezinjalo wamnika ngolwimi lwenkobe I. S. Turgenev, umbhali lo mbongo ukubhala, aziwayo, mhlawumbi, ukuba wonke ummi weli lizwe. Ibona umbhali "inkxaso kunye noncedo", nto leyo ifuna kude nekhaya. Umsebenzi kuxhotyiswa ngothando olukhulu ukuze ubutyebi iphambili abantu kuyanceda ukuhlola cala eyenzekayo kweli lizwe. Baneemvakalelo Ivan S. efanayo kunye nentlonipho yabantu Russian - medium omkhulu ngolwimi. La magama mabini basenokuvana engqondweni yombhali, njengoko oko kungqinwa ingxelo emfutshane ulwimi Russian: "Kunzima ukukholelwa ukuba ulwimi akazange anikwe uhlanga olukhulu."

"Ulwimi lweenkobe"

Full eziphikisanayo, sublime elifuna kabuhlungu symbolist umbongo Bryusov. Imbongi ecacileyo in ukuvuma ukuba ulwimi kukuba kuye ngumfuziselo kwimpumelelo ilungileyo ebantwini Russian. Yena unika amaphiko abazinikeleyo, gcina i "iwotshi namandla," wayetshona imfihlelo izandi engaqhelekanga. Noko ke, ulwimi Russian ukuba imbongi nje kuphela "umhlobo wenene", kodwa "utshaba obufihlakeleyo," "ukumkani", babeka ngamakhamandela zakhe waza akabandulula. Ngenxa Bruce ofuna kuye bonke ubutyebi bakhe lilifa. Alana ngolwimi ababhali Russian Russian kunye iimbongi angaba umsebenzi wabo ezikhethekileyo emhlabeni: ukuze alondoloze isithembiso elikhulu elinikwe ebantwini, niyinike inzala yabo. "Umhlaba wakho - ngonaphakade likhaya lam" - uzoba umgca phantsi iingcinga zakhe Bryusov, ukucacisa indawo yolwimi Russian ebomini babo.

Ngu K. Balmont

River kunye nesibhakabhaka emathafeni uzaliswe ekhala zigqume njengexhalanga, ingcuka, ezikhalayo lokuphambukela kunye namahobe Ndiyalila, ngokwasekomeleleni akuphiwa isitshixo kunye umqadi spring, ubona ulwimi Russian kulo mbongo efanayo. Wizard ILizwi kunceda imbongi ukuchaza ubuhle ekhethekileyo lizwe, ukuvakalisa uthando nekhaya zooyise, naseRashiya, leyo kwanyanzeleka ukuba ushiye ngonaphakade.

Kweli nqaku ucaphulo, amazwi malunga ulwimi enkulu Russian sitsho amazwi omnye umsebenzi K. Balmont - "ulwimi Russian: I ukuthanda njengesiseko bobuchule." Kulo imbongi ubiza ulwimi lweenkobe of "oyinyaniso, ekwakuphila, ecocekileyo, esemagqabini," yinxalenye "enye mascots eziphambili" Russia omkhulu. Kwanele ukuba bachukumise ulwimi Russian, yaye yena uya kumnika umfanekiso eqaqambileyo, eqhelekileyo kumntu wonke ukususela ebuntwaneni. Ke umthandazo umsindo Balmont imigca adumileyo kunye ndilangazelela elubhacweni Turgenev.

"Courage"

Enye mbongo enkulu bobabo Anna Akhmatova, oko kwabhalwa 1941 wawungqinga iLeningrad. Akhmatova uthetha ngexesha inzima ilizwe i ubuso sizukulwana sonke, ngubani waluthethelela lizwe kunye ubutyebi eziphambili zesizwe: "... siya kukubumba, intetho Russian ...." Lo msebenzi wakhe wokuqala libe imbongi nommi, ezinako "igama Enkulu Russian" nokunika inkxaso bakhaya. Kwaye isifungo ixilongo imigca yokugqibela yombongo: "simahla kwaye kucacile ... wena kutshayelwa ekukhotyokisweni ngonaphakade."

Eneneni, iingxelo ezinjalo ababhali Russian ulwimi Russian, lo izibongo omhle amandla akhe amandla nje ukuxhasa abantu nto kwakunzima kuye, nangenxa lizwe.

UPawulos

Alithandabuzeki elokuba, ulwimi Russian zoncwadi ze-mali legolide kwilizwe lethu. Nemisebenzi yobugcisa zipeyintwe kuwo zibandakanywa ebuncwaneni uncwadi yehlabathi. Nezinto zonke amazwi ulwimi Russian ababhali Russian, iimbongi kunye nezinye amagcisa emva kwamashumi kunye eminyaka zaye benamandla iqhayiya enye isibakala ukuba izithethi bomthonyama, ukholo amandla akhe, simele sihlale ukuba usinike zililifa.