Sirt Ubude iyonke yenduli. Uphi inkangala General Sirt?

Total Sirt - ukuba kucace ukuba ihewu-ezifana ukuphakama, apho emise iintente babeziindleko of Russia, Kazakhstan. Beka yamanzi yemilambo ezininzi. Kukho amashumi imvelaphi yemilambo. Ukuqala yenduli ithathwa Kuyan-otau - zentaba, obususela efikelela kuyo i Kama ukuya uviko-bank lasekhohlo White River.

Imvelaphi yegama

Igama elithi "Sirt" livela ngeelwimi ezimbini - Turkish kunye Tatar. In Turkish lithetha "induli, udonga". Xa Tatar ulwimi lwamaxabiso kangaka ngakumbi. Xa esebenzisa leli gama kubonisa ikama kummango amanzi equkuqela vodopusk, vododerzhu kunye ukurola phezulu induli eyahlula emlanjeni kwisingxobo.

Igama lokuqala igama lendawo "Sirt Jikelele" liye iinguqulelo ezimbini imvelaphi. Ngokutsho E. A. Eversmanna, igama elithi "oqhelekileyo" Wabonakala kwesihloko, kuba entabeni kwahlula watersheds ezimbini. EM Murzaev waqiniseka ukuba igama elithi "jikelele" eqhotyoshelweyo igama Sirt ngenxa iimpawu zokusetyenziswa komhlaba kule ndawo.

Abantu ixesha elide belimiwe kummandla yenduli. amafama Russian kunye Kazakh belisebenzisa ngenxa okutyisa imfuyo. Enyanisweni, ezinkqantosini ilizwe esinyusiweyo ebezixhaphakile Kazakhs kunye Russian. Ngenxa yoko igama laloo igama lendawo - inkangala General Sirt.

I indawo okuyo le nduli

Zisuka izidanga kwimigama acacileyo kummandla Orenburg, imimandla Saratov kunye Samara. Yena wahlasela emazweni Kazakhstan kwaye ibekwe ngezantsi Bugulma-Bebeley endulini. Yonke esehewu lwasempumalanga laseSamariya erhangqwe emathafeni ngasempumalanga iVolga, apho umphandle Bezenchuk-Khvorostyanka. Ngoko ke izithuba zalo yandisa kwicala lasempuma kangangama-500 km. Athatha ndawo phakathi Greater kunye Njengomncinane Irgiz.

Xa umda elingasentla kumathafa laseSamariya ndabaleka emlanjeni Samara. Kwingingqi Orenburg liphuma kwi ezinezinga yomntla mmandla kwaye iphumela waya amanzi Kinel Small. Empumalanga, kummandla nommandla wayo ilungele ukuya emazantsi kwiintaba le Urals Southern. Ukususela entabeni ezahlulwe sisithuba loza Rifey emhlophe-iinwele. Apho kukho iyonke Syrt wayo kunqunyulwa iVolga, apho inkqubo nasentshonalanga idlala indima amanzi equkuqela nezitya ibekwe phakathi imilambo ezimbini - iVolga kunye nemvelo.

Inkcazelo yenxenye yasentshona yenduli

Sirt wahlulwe ube zahlulo zithathu - entla, empuma nasentshona. Nasentshonalanga, saa ngasempumalanga, ezikhulayo ukuphakama. Yayilelona liphezulu (405 eemitha) uthathwa ukuba intaba incopho Bear ibunzi (aka - Arapova entabeni). Apha, kukho umkhwa ukwandisa umphezulu asike.

Syrty ise empuma-ntshona indlela, zahlukile ndilithethile asymmetry kwamathambeka. Emzantsi, ukuba kuhle, kwaye entla, phezu koko, ezo. Watersheds kwi kumbindi emgongxweni-iinxalenye ziye unyuka kakhulu izidanga komhlaba. interfluves Ngokutsho kuzo kwiindawo Sheehan - Outliers angqukuva.

Iimpawu Syrt icala langasentla

Inxalenye esemantla Syrt "acudisiweyo" phakathi Enkulu Kinel kunye Samara. Le ndawo ikhangeleka ngathi ikama interfluves inkqubo ungaxinanisa kunye kumathambeka kolwabelo olungalinganiyo. lwamawa ilitye Height ukutshintshatshintsha phakathi kweemitha 220-300. Ingongoma iphezulu - Mount Cool. ukuphakama kwawo kwafikelela uphawu kweemitha 333. Mlilo ibekwe phakathi imilambo lisekwa nemingenela ezifana kwiSmall kunye Borovka Kinel.

Inxalenye esentshona yenduli

Xa ngasentshonalanga chain kweenduli ezimcaba-unyuka kakhulu izidanga, ebizwa ngokuba Blue Sirt. Wathabatha isiqalo kumazantsi-ntshona, uManeki kumntla ecaleni imigca olukhankanya imimandla Samara kunye Orenburg. iinduli Low akhiwe ukulahlula for Samara kunye Chagan. Ubude iphezulu (273 m) apha ezintabeni Grishkina.

I-avareji ezindaweni iimitha Jikelele Syrt 190-240. Ngoko ke, ekuphakameni ayikho hlobo yentaba. uphawu eliphezulu yintaba incopho Kuyan-tau. ukuphakama kwayo ayidluli kweemitha 619. Kwicala induli ungathanda nje induli encinci ihewu-like.

ukukhululeka

Ngokubanzi Syrt uye isiqabu isakhiwo zokulala-tiered kunye outliers. Xa okunye kungasezantsi malunga neGibheha ngcembe sehle kwaye ekuweni. Ngenxa yoko, ukuwasa ekunene-bank ye phambene River buhlanganiswe kakuhle nalo. Phezu komhlaba waphawula indawo latitudinal kwezakhiwo ziitectonic plates, waneka kwi iintolo ilitye lweticker uMyili interfluves iimodyuli ehla zisihla ezantsi, apho welula lweCaspian isitya.

Entre Ríos, umgca ngale ndlela, krwela asymmetry usiko iintili lomlambo. iintili Deep kunye yokuqhelaniswa jikelele, yena, yahlulelwe kwii kwiintaba ezininzi lwamawa azilingani, okubangela morphology ezizodwa.

Kumathambeka olusemazantsi ezi eweni, ukuba sinqunyulwe. Kumathambeka esemantla banobubele, elide, wolula ngenxa kwiikhilomitha ezininzi. konyawo lwabo ingabonakali idibane Amathambeka ngaphezu wezandyondyo, kwakheka kwi kodonga lasekhohlo isitya lomlambo.

phawu neznye

Common Hill Syrt kwakheka kwi shales, marls, sandstones, limestones, shales, kunye needipozithi ngetshokhwe siltstone. Le ukungafani of neetyuwa uyila isiqabu, sichaphazele ubume ukusikwa ukhukhuliseko.

iindawo Northern kunye imimandla Marl onodongwe kufuneka imisele egudileyo. Iindawo sandstones esinzulu isongiwe kwahluka imikrolo lungqamane kakhulu. Umphezulu ukryvshaya lekalika, dissected ezingxingweni valiweyo kunye ikama yamanzi.

Emzantsi, Jikelele Sirt yeyozuko atshabalalisa ostantsevo-speed eMesopotamiya. Apha entabeni nzima zomhlaba saline-nkundla. Terrain yahluka kuphuhliswa netyuwa olunzulu yelimestone karst, ukuba abe lokungaphumeleli nisin misinga olubanzi tyaba esinqeni kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo yenduli.

Kwiindawo apho kukho yokutyiwa obhudlayo watersheds kuvuleke eDibanisa quartzite tubing, sandstones zwi kunye conglomerates. Xa plain ephakamileyo kwasekwa iinkqubo eolian.