Sikuyo ne mycelium

Okwangoku siyazi inani elikhulu ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo nomngundo - kukho ngaphezu kwesinye ezilikhulu lamawaka. Nangona Kuthathwa ukuba kukho abaninzi ngokwenene - ezimbini ezinesiqingatha - yayingamakhulu amathathu amawaka. Abaninzi kubo kukhula kuwo umhlaba. ngaba bafumana yonke indawo apho kusenokuba kukho ubuncinane ezithile ebomini.

mycelium

Kwi imizimba fruiting of nomngundo uvelisa eninzi imbambano. Ngokomzekelo, kwiveki nje enye champignon yabo ekhulisa 16 billion! Xa ivuthiwe, isiqhamo aqale iwe emzimbeni. Uninzi spores fungi zenziwa nomoya phezu imigama emide. Baya kuba negalelo ukusasazeka izilwanyana, iimpuku, imigca, iimpukane, iimpethu. Le nto ibizwa ngokuba zoochore.

Ukufumana kwiimeko ezithile, imbewu baqala ihlume, ukuphuhlisa hyphae, apho kukhula ngokukhawuleza ubude kunye isebe. Bakha mycelium ngayo izinto. Indlela yokutyala fruiting umzimba - funda on. Le mycelium ingena zeendawana kuwo onke amacala. imisonto zayo olukhula ngokukhawuleza, befunda izondlo ukusuka emhlabeni. Le hyphae ikhule ukusuka spores mycelia ezahlukeneyo. Kwezinye iindawo zifumaneka kunye uxhulumanisa. Kweli nqanaba kukho iqhina tight, iphuhlisa umzimba fruiting kuyo. Xa iimeko zivuma, le mycelium sikhula ngokuqhubekayo. Nemiqathango maxongo, oko uyaqina, kwaye iyeka likhula.

Mycelium: ubuchwepheshe yemveliso

Ukuze ukukhulisa mycelium ngokwakho, kufuneka wenze ndzhendzheleko of ucingo okanye neenaliti. Ke calcined e ubushushu balo ukuba akukho iintsholongwane amazwe. amaqhakuva ngundo, yomtya ziguyiwe phandle intwana encinane (esebenzisa inxalenye ephezulu yonyawo). Isampulu engumphumela iphathwa kunye iperoksayidi yehidrojeni baze bafakwe tube uvavanyo, ngaphambili calcined isivalo yayo. Isikhongozeli neqhekeza ngundo ifakwa kwi-oveni okanye kwindawo emnyama.

Mycelium iphuhlisa indawo entsha ngeeveki ezimbini. Emva koko ungasebenzisa nasekwandiseni mycelium ngayo izinto. Indlela akhule ukusuka emzimbeni fruiting amakhowa neenkowane porcini? Oku kuya kuxoxwa ngezantsi, kodwa ngoku makhe sibuyele tube yethu. inkcubeko Stock mazilondolozwe kubushushu degrees 1-2. Rhoqo ngonyaka, oko passaged ukuya emhlabeni entsha kwezondlo. Kodwa ukuba igcinwe elide kakhulu yaye ngokufuthi reseeded, kuyimfuneko ukulawula nokwakheka ekuzakuqalwa.

uhlobo

Fungal mycelium enemibala eyakhiwe zixhobo ezicekethekileyo okanye hyphae leyo zenza imibhobho kunye icytoplasm. nemisonto fungi ezahlukeneyo zimanyene ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, branched, coalesce, kwaye enze umboniso kweentambo. Baye ukukhula angenasiphelo kunye eyayizalwa lateral. Mycelium umzimba wabo kwezityalo kwaye injongo ezisebenzayo yahlulwe ezimbini:

• Zeendawana mycelium - singena zeendawana. Ngayo, wendele naxa uthuthwa amanzi kunye izinto lichithakale.
• Air okanye umgangatho mycelium - liphume phezu zeendawana ukwenza amalungu okuzala.

isakhiwo

Mycelium nzima ukuzibona ngaphezu imbewu kunye fruiting umzimba, ekubeni iGqili ngokupheleleyo kwi substratum. Le mycelium le hyphae ngundo kwakhiwa, ephuhlisa evela sikuyo. ukukhula Apical le mycelium, kwaye isebe kuwo onke amacala. Le mycelium lubafumana ezahlukileyo ukwanda kunye nobude ubomi kuxhomekeke kwiimeko yangaphandle. Ke ukuba isakhiwo, ezi ndidi zilandelayo nkqubo sithetha ngayo ngoku:

• mycelium yeselula - yahlulwe ezindongeni ngamnye. iseli ngalinye engundoqo enye okanye ngaphezulu.
• mycelium Noncellular - akukho zahlulelo yaye umele kwiseli enye enkulu, apho umphakathi ezininzi.

• Umzimba kwezityalo ethile fungi imele iiseli thomo okanye wahlule. Ukuba akuthanga uphume, ukuze kwakheke pseudomycelia. Umntu owaziyo ukuba kutheni ezinye fungi umzimba kwezityalo yale hlobo. Ngokucacileyo, kukho ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezithile ezikhulayo: kwi mycelium akwazi ukufumana ulwelo ezineswekile ngohlobo yejusi yehlathi yeziqhamo okanye imithi. Kuye kwatshintsha isakhiwo mycelium.

Ukuze ulwazi:

• Zeendawana - umhlaba, leyo Esukelana izinto ngundo.
• Mycelium ne mycelium - enye ngokufanayo. Bona angamelwa web komhlaba.
• umzimba Fruiting - yinto ngundo.
• Umzimba kwezityalo - mycelium okanye mycelium.

Iimbambano kunye nokukhula kwabo

Ukuze Imbewu imila kule zeendawana, kufuneka ibe nokufuma ethile, lobushushu kunye iasidi. Kuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo nomngundo, la manani zahlukile. Xa imbambano ufumana kwindawo eqhelekileyo, iqalisa zintshule. It Bakha mycelium sokuqala. iiseli zakhe nucleus omnye. mycelium enjalo akakwazi yokutshata olawulo fruiting. Oku kwenzeka xa iiseli mononuclear uqhagamshele kwenye nucleus, izakhi zofuzo wahlukile. IRetirement ekuveliseni iiseli ezimbini-core. Bayakwazi ukuba sele zenze mycelium, njengokuntshula kungena umzimba iziqhamo.

sikuyo: isakhiwo

I-fungi zixhaphakileyo ziyazala yi imbewu, ngenxa yokuba apho kukho utshintsho ngokukhawuleza kwindawo entsha kunye zizalele nakuzo. Icandelo ngundo ibihlungu camera umaleko. isakhiwo sayo ezahlukeneyo:

• Plate - xa imbewu kwakheka Emacebeni.
• zicwangciswe ngaphakathi kwimibhobho imbewu - Tubular.
• Vnutriplodovoy - isakhiwo sokuzala ngaphakathi ngulo mngundo.

Mpikiswano: indlela ukufumana ngayo wena?

ezifunekayo ukuze bazale imbewu ngundo. Kulula ukufumana. Ukuze wenze oku, ivuthiwe, mushroom hayi kumpethu-ingadliwa kufuneka zityalwe emhlabeni ngaphantsi kwebhonethi ukuba ubunzulu 5-10 cm. Emva kweentsuku 2-3 umnqwazi ishenxiswe, imbewu asale kuloo mhlaba.

Uyakwazi ukusebenzisa enye indlela. Ukuze wenze oku, overripe okanye umbungu-wadla mushroom ikepusi athwala amatye okusila, uze bathele iinyama emanzini omlambo iintsuku ezimbini aze afakwe kwindawo emnyama. zizizwe wafakwa kufuneka lichithwe ebhedini apho kwacetywa ukukhula obude. kwiminyaka 1-3 mycelium iyantshula.

mushroom mycelium

Ezi fungi siyimveliso ezixabisekileyo ukutya. Bona zizityebi iiprothini, iivithamini, iiminerali. Amakhowa ukunika izivuno eziphezulu kwaye isityalo buyanceda ukukhula egadini. Bakhetha iindawo yonke eluhlaza; phantsi kwemithi namatyholo kwi zokutyala rasberries kunye amaqunube, Ndinokumemelela esithunzini izakhiwo ezingaphandle kunye neengcingo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba akukho sichengeni elangeni ngqo.

Phambi kokutyala, umhlaba mushroom kufuneka yakhululeka kakuhle. Ukhula kunye neengcambu imifuno ezahlukahlukeneyo ayisuseki ukuba abathanga uphazamisane nezinye izityalo. Kwi walungisa indawo lihlwayelwa awafanele mycelium. Amakhowa musa ukuba ulinde ixesha elide. Emva kweenyanga 2-2.5 mycelium uqalisa ukuthwala isiqhamo. Phambi kweli xesha, akukho utshintsho ebonakalayo kwindawo komhlaba kunye lokulima ayikwazi ukuba andibhaqwa. Bahlwayelwa mycelium phezulu uvala umaleko encinane komanyolo.

Fruiting iqala kwentwasahlobo iphela ekwindla emva kwexesha. Ngenxa kuqala ubusika, kakhulu, ingatyalwa mycelium. Kodwa xesha ilungileyo le kucingwa ukuba ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba - leminyaka yokuqala kaDisemba, ekupheleni kukaFebruwari - mid May.

Ngexesha lokuvuna makhowa kufuneka kunqunyulwa, ukhulule ngenyameko kubo ngcono. Ngoko ke umzimba iziqhamo alihlali emhlabeni kwaye iqala ukubola, ukutsala izinambuzane. Kukho ayekholelwa ukuba abakwazi ndaxhwitha, kuba oko kungenza umonakalo mycelium. Akunjalo konke. Mushroom bobabo iqela le nomngundo, inkqubo iingcambu angenako. Zonke iimbambano baya kuhlala emhlabeni kwaye akafi. Xa kuqokelela amakhowa, kuba neeveki ezimbini ukukhula kwakhona.

Kuba ixesha lobusika obabubanda kakhulu ukuba ukufudumeza elutyalweni ayikho imfuneko. Imbewu ne mycelium le ngundo ngokukhuselekileyo bangaphandle nokuba amaqondo aphantsi kakhulu. Ngeli xesha, akhule wayeka, imbewu balele. Entlakohlaza ke kuvela kwaye inike inala yesivuno.

Qho ngonyaka kokwindla, xa kubamba ixesha fruiting, kucetyiswa ukuba ndibachithachithe kwi nehumasi mycelium okanye nomgquba. Akukho omanyolo chemical! Mycelium ophila ixesha elide, iminyaka 8-10, ukwandisa ubukhulu minyaka yonke.

Mycelium mkhuhlane emhlophe

Lo mkhuhlane ingatyalwa kwelo gumbi, kodwa ezona - endle. Wakhethwa isabelo kufutshane imithi yeziqhamo okanye ngaphantsi kwawo. Ke wemba hole ubunzulu-30 cm. Kuyimfuneko ukongeza awile, amahlathi kunye nja-. Iqula yabekwa amakhowa mycelium porcini kunye lomhlaba kunye moss. Afefe amagqabi kunye nobutyobo fir bazisa ehlathini. On top of mycelium ligutyungelwe ngeeplanga. Ngoko kuya kuba ukugcina ukufuma ethile.

Xa imozulu owomileyo, amaxesha amabini ngeveki kufuneka wankcenkcesha mycelium. Ukuphucula amathuba izityalo emanzini kunokuba iintsholongwane longeziwe. Ngexesha lasebusika ndawo ibanda ne mycelium kuyimfuneko ukufihla encotsheni awile, iindiza, amasebe nespruce okanye moss. Nokufika komnyaka kufuma isusiwe.

Ngechitin mycelium - yintoni na ukusetyenziswa?

Iipropati ukuphiliswa Special of fungi ezinxulumene kunye glucans eziqulethwe kunye polysaccharides, kuquka ngechitin. Makhe sithethe ngazo ngokweenkcukacha:

• mycelium ezinzwaneni ukhandwa okuzenzela ngechitin, apho ilifa umsebenzi anti-umhlaza bawubopha bephilisa amandla.
• Le mycelium womisa lisetyenziswa nokutsha. Amanxeba okuphilisa ngokukhawuleza kwaye yimbi.
• Of umdla ezithile imicu ngechitin - njengento kwiwotshi ukutya.

• Koko bayicutha ukufumana isicelo amayeza - zisetyenziselwa iinjongo zokuthintela.
• Xa imixube ezolimo eziquka ngechitin, ithwalelwe presowing unyango iimbewu. Emva kokuba banikela zintshule kakuhle.