"Shell" (transport carrier personnel): neNgcaciso (Amafoto)

Ingcamango ingalo, kunye nezithuthi ngoko vehicles ukuba nenxaxheba kwemfazwe wazalwa ixesha elithile emva kokuba indalo yayo. Emva ngo-1897, umqambi Russian Dvinitskim kwaba ithuba kuzo amancinci-bodidi oluphezulu-uqina imipu machine. Nakubeni oko kuqinisekiswa kamva lweemvavanyo eziqhutyiweyo ngempumelelo, ikhomishini weKomiti zokudubula ayizange ukwakhiwa nkqu prototype wesithuthi entsha yokulwa. Njani yaye nini izithuthi yokuqala vehicles? Yintoni na le mizekelo kweemoto indlela namhlanje? Ngale kamva kweli nqaku.

amanqaku ngembali

Inqwelo yokuqala yokulwa-ukulungele vehicles yaba 'imoto motor yomkhosi. " Kuye kwaboniswa eLondon ngo-1902, ngo-Aprili 4, oyinjineli evela England nick. Le projekthi yaphuhliswa yi ngehlobo lika-1898. Le moto ukhuselwe yi-millimitha amathandathu vehicles open-uhlobo lwezindlu, imipu ezintathu umatshini izihlangu ezivaliweyo. Power iinjini ezine cylinder iyasebenza oyile oyile enzima, ifikelele iilitha ezili-16. a. Nangona kunjalo, i-Ofisi yoMphathiswa of War eNgilani nje nje elifutshane obona, kwakunye Russian, ligatya ingcamango nick. Kodwa ke 1989, lwakwakhiwa iqela inkampani French polubronirovannyh ilori yomkhosi.

Abathwali abasebenzi yokuqala vehicles Russia

Ukwakhiwa kwezi matshini ngexesha yeHlabathi kwakhokelela Dobzhansky. Yenzelwe ukuba zalapho Russian-lweBaltic. umthamo lift yafikelela iitoni ezimbini. Isikhulu wayeqhelene inkqubo zokukhokhela iilori vehicles kwi mveliso French "Creusot". Ngaphezu koko, nkqu Dobzhansky inxaxheba yabo. Imoto iingalo kunye nencwadi Russian lwaqhutywa ngoxa kufuphi St. Petersburg, Kolpino, kwi kwisityalo Izhora. Ngenxa yokuba ngaphambili koomatshini ezifunekayo ukuze kukhuselwe kwisisu semoto ilori serial zalungisa nje chrome-nickel ezityikitywe sheet sentsimbi, elingasetyenziswanga, wenza indlela yayo ku imitsi ezimakhulu mabini bullet etsolo. Ukukhuselwa emzimbeni asibethelela rivet. Ngexesha zokwakha kwafuneka ukuba bashiye le nqaba olujikelezayo. I "max" imipu inkqubo ezintathu umatshini ziye zasetyenziswa izixhobo. Bona shelwe embrasures kwiphepha ngokungqalileyo kanye bead.

izithuthi injongo Special

Ambulensi APCs (transport carrier personnel) yakhiwa kwi kwisityalo Izhora ngo-1939. Uyilelwe ukuba ukuthutha amajoni, belimele kunye nemithwalo eyahlukeneyo. Kwimveliso mass azikafiki. It wadalwa ngokusekelwe kule lori ndingaz-AA kunye izindlu 'ibhokisi-like ", welding ukusuka-millimitha ezintandathu iipleyiti isikrweqe. Ngokuba ukutyala crew, ebandakanya uhlaselo kunye nabantu ababini emacaleni igobhogobho waba ezimbini iingcango, kwaye udonga angasemva - nye. Vehicle ubunzima Lilonke ke 5.24 m. Le motor Umatshini amandla wayeneminyaka engama-40 l. s., nesantya bafikelela iikhilomitha mane ngeyure nganye. permeability enyuke kuqinisekiswa ngemixokelelwane krupnozvenevyh asuswayo. Xa uqhuba endleleni elungileyo ezazinamathelisiwe phezu isiseko ivili ngasemva ecaleni igobhogobho. Le moto exhotyiswe unomathotholo. Umthamo kwamatanki ayo amafutha - ngaphezu kwekhulu iilitha. Lo mqulu ubonelela esima traffic on the umendo kumgama ozikilometa eziyi-250.

izixhobo kwempi

Amava offensives ka 1944-1945 wabonisa ukuba inkxaso efunekayo units vehicles ngohlobo kweeyunithi elihamba olongezelelweyo. Isisombululo kakuhle kakhulu ukusetyenziswa zonke izithuthi kwendawo, ezibe lula ukuba ukubhukisha, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko amajoni ukusuka eziyingozi kunye iimbumbulu lwezixhobo ezincinane. Development of imoto yokuqala ezifana wesiwa Rubtsov - wengcibi yokuluka phambili ngelo xesha. Uphuhliso izithuthi zokuqala eSoviet vehicles, kwisalathiso apho i "injongo 141", lwaqhutywa kwi-CB Gorky Automobile Plant ngokwesiseko ndingaz-63. Ibhayisekili model kunye neziseko zonke-wheel zaye esenzelwe ukuthwala infantrymen ezisibhozo. Le moto yezindlu top evulekileyo, nto leyo eye welding ukusuka amaphepha ka 6-8 iimilimitha. Udonga abasemva zixhotyiswe umnyango kokwehla, amasango Abasebenzi ba baxhotyiswe engontsini imoto.

BTR-MDM "Shell"

Lo matshini, nto leyo eye isalathisi "bengavumi 955", ziyilwe KB Volgograd Tractor Plant. Ubunzima kunye nemilinganiselo imoto libonelela ngokukhawuleza umqobo amanzi bridging kunye aviatransportabelnost. "Shell" - isithuthi transport eyenzelwe indawo kwi "D" umfuziselo yomkhosi. Lo matshini ifakwe-7.62 mm umatshini gun. Sikhoyo kwi ufakelo nenqaba umphathi-gunner. Ekhohlo inxenye ngaphambili lixhotyiswe ngesixhobo enye eyongezelelweyo kwi ngompu efanayo.

izindlu

"Shell" - an vehicles abasebenzi carrier, uvale sheets welding. Xa isahlulo ibekwe ukusika eliphakathi kwaye phambi kokwehla kunye nabasebenzi imoto. Ukutyhubela imizila amalungiselelo yayigcinwa ezizodwa. Injini-transmission ngemva Ezomva izindlu. Wayesemva kukho ukukhuhla apho iqela dismounts. Xa phambi isithuthi lomqhubi kubekwe mishini. Ukuphuma ukusuka aqandusele eluphahleni imisebenzi emithathu. Bona ibekwe esihlalweni lomqhubi Mechanical kunye kokwehla. Ekhohlo kwi yezindlu ifakiwe phezu kwentungo yenqaba leyo inde. Ngaphantsi yeyona ndawo umphathi-gunner. Kuba ufakelo inqaba inikwa ngaphandle kwinkqubo umbane, kwakunye indlela nkongomiso nkqo. Xa ngundoqo imoto zixhonywe emacaleni lezihlalo kabini (amathathu kwicala ngalinye). Bona elise ukufika. Ukongeza, ecaleni iibhodi baxhotyiswa izibiyeli, apho ukucwangcisa lokukhwelisa ngababuleweyo.

Izixhobo zonxibelelwano kunye nesikhokelo

Ukuqwalasela ngengingqi inika umqhubi-yimakhenikhi. "Shell" - isithuthi transport, baxhotyiswa kunye periscopes ezintathu. Lesixhobo kutshintshwa kuze kufakwe isixhobo esweni esembindini ukwenzela ngombono ebusuku. Xa phambi isithuthi phambi lasekunene enyusiweyo okwenziwe ngemigca exweseneyo emehlweni, esebenzisa apho khosi ngokudubula umpu. ufakelo Tower Kwakhona mayixhotyiswe abalibona umphathi-gunner elukhuni zokudubula sebenzisa sendawo.

Transmission benjini

"Shell" - isithuthi transport mayixhotyiswe mveliso. Le ise ngasemva (kwi-injini-transmission gumbi). I-injini kwi-manqindi kumatshini, baxhotyiswa nenkqubo sokupholisa fan kunye kwiinqwelo. Xa iqela elinye kunye indlela motor osendaweni ukujikeleza kunye nokudluliselwa. Oku kuquka umngxuma-ezimbini zokulwa ibhokisi gear drive shaft kunye Jets ngamanzi.

chassis

Machine "Shell-M" kwicala ngalinye ziyaxhotyiswa inkxaso amavili amane anantlanu indlela. aba bahamba melkozvenchatye Track kunye kwiihenjisi zerabha-metal. nosaziwayo ukulungisa baqhubeka yimithombo anomoya. BTR "Shell-M" a variable sokucoceka tri-imowudi: ubuninzi, ubuncinane kunye nokusebenza.

isiphelo

Kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi emotweni. Engundoqo - "BTR-MD" - yakhiwe ngokusekelwe yemifanekiso yokulwa imoto "D". Ngophuhliso kunye version zaphuculwa yenzelwe ngokusekelwe imoto emanzini yokulwa "BMD-4m". iiyunithi ezimbini obu bugcisa ziyisebenzise imikhosi ukubetha yamajoni zisiwe ngo-2013. Kude ekupheleni kwesiqingatha sokuqala 2014 ngoku, iya kugqithiselwa indize ezilishumi BTR "Shell-M".