Sergei Paradjanov: engobomi, PIU nobomi lobuqu

Sergei Paradjanov - unique kumlawuli eSoviet-xesha. Nangona yiSoviet siyaqondakala ke kubizwa ngokuba, ngenxa yokuba wonke umsebenzi wakhe elide uye akazange adale nayiphi na indlela yali wokuhlala ethembekile ekupheleni lomntu uhlobo oyinyaniso - iimvakalelo, iimvakalelo, amazwi ngaphakathi. Art le ndoda emangalisayo yaba ixabiso liphezulu ebomini, kukho uhlobo yehlelo, awathi abanolwazi waqubuda.

kwiminyaka yokuqala

Kwindlu encinane ikomkhulu Georgia - Tbilisi - wazalwa ngomhla elizayo nomqondisi owaziwayo-kakuhle kwaye screenwriter Sergei Paradjanov. ngobomi bakhe iqala ngoJanuwari 9, 1924, xa ediniwe emva intuthumbo elide clan unina walibeka ezandleni yintlama encinane ekhala. Inkwenkwe wakhula yaye ndonwabile, ngokungathi ibidla nto. Uyise wayengomnye sezigwili emzini wakhe, waba ishishini elinemali kunye uxhulumaniso ezininzi nempembelelo. Ngokukodwa, inazo nomxokelelwane yeevenkile antique kwaye Akwazi ukuvula yamahenyukazi kwi igama ingacaci kakhulu - ". Family Corner" ngenkuthalo umama wanceda uyise zakhe zonke, kuba yena lowo ezikhethiweyo abasebenzi yamahenyukazi ochumayo. Amantombazana, ngasendleleni, ingeniswe kwi eFransi.

Years of "ukuhluthwa" azizange zalahleka kwi Parajanov abadala. Waphelelwa uninzi lwamashishini zabo yimpumelelo, kodwa ishishini antique, nto leyo ilifa, unako ukusindisa. Ke noko, wayethembe ngokunyanisekileyo ukuba unyana wakhe uya kuhamba emkhondweni wakhe. Kodwa Sergei wazikhaba lowu licwangcisela ufake Engineers Railway.

Studies e University of

Ekubeni nangokuvulelekileyo ubugcisa lwaziwayo ngaphandle ukukwazi ukuyinyasha Sciences, i-Faculty of Engineering gqaba wafunda Sergey. Parajanov emva kweminyaka emithathu yomzabalazo akuphumelelanga nenzululwazi lenyengane sisasetyenziswayo kubugcisa. Kangangexesha wafunda kwi Conservatory of Tbilisi, kodwa emva kwemfazwe ngo-1945 waya kuhlala eMoscow. Utata wam babezama ukweyisela kuye, kodwa akaba nako: unyana wazimisela ukuba abe bhanya, kwaye ngenisa VGIK ikomkhulu likaThixo.

Njengomfundi, Sergei wayemthanda Moldavanka ngeengcambu Tatar - Nigar. Badibana iinyanga ezimbalwa, ngoko watshata ngasese. Kodwa umtshato yayimfutshane kabuhlungu. Family intombazana leyo amasiko engqongqo ngamadoda kunye nezithethe: ukufunda ukuba umfazi ngaphandle kwemvume usapho etshatile, beza Parajanov efuna intlawulelo. Sergei akazange abe imali, uyise, venga unyana eyadala thiki ungamniki kunye Nigar wala ukushiya umyeni wakhe kwaye abuyele esifubeni intsapho. beza izalamane wacatshukiswa kwikhobokazana ngomthetho, ngokwesiko endala, - wamkhuphela phantsi kuloliwe.

umsebenzi Early

Sergei Paradjanov, lakhe siqu ubomi ukususela ekuqaleni aluphumelelanga, wathumela onke amandla akhe namandla kwicala yoyilo. Ngowe-1952 waphumelela emendweni kumlawuli wakhe Igor Savchenko, eyaziwa uzukile ngumsebenzi kobugcisa yexesha. idiploma yakhe umfanekiso 'sentsomi Moldavian ", apho waphumelela ihlumelo ekuqaleni konyaka. Njengoko le movie enkulu, ngoko kwabakho bt ifilimu Parajanov "Andries", ezifotwe 1954 kule studio Dovzhenko. Kungenxa phakathi kweendonga eli ziko kwixesha elizayo zaye zadalwa enkulu umlawuli imisebenzi.

Ukwazi endle-Tatar, izithethe ezipheleleyo aseMoldova, Sergey wagqiba ekubeni atshate abasetyhini kunye neengcambu yaseMpuma. Ngoko ke, umfazi wakhe wesibini kwaba abaqhelekileyo Ukrainian Sveta Scherbatyuk. Emva kweminyaka emithathu ubomi bentsapho oluhle noxolo, wamzalela unyana - Suren. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba sibini wakhangela owonwabileyo, umtshato wabo bohlukana kudala 1961. Woman ebesoloko wathi isizathu sokuba umtshato lwalunjani uhlobo Parajanov: Abantu Creative basoloko uziphathe ngendlela engaqondakaliyo, umke, kwaye ngamageza.

umqhele indalo

Bona, Kakade ke, yaba film "Kwizithunzi Ookhokho Alityelweyo". Emva kokukhululwa ngo-1964 kwikhusi enkulu, ngoko nangoko ngokuba obukhulu, yaye Sergei Parajanov abe nendumasi. Umfanekiso libetha ubuhule isilwanyana, izithethe ugonyamelo, ntombi zendalo, uthando yintlekele yaye bebuhlungu ukukhanya. Ukudalwa lo mzekeliso bulumko, yongezwe kakuhle iinjongo zonqulo, yaba bengalindelwanga abagxeki. Ngapha koko, phambi kokuba picture Sergei iminyaka 10 esebenzayo kummandla bhanya, kodwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku umsebenzi wakhe athembise umntu elikhulu udumo kunye nokuqondwa ehlabathini lonke.

"Shadows ..." ezifana. Baye kwabangela ngombane. Le leitmotif yebali ezibuhlungu ibali uthando Ivan kunye Marichka yaba umdlalo "Romeo and Juliet". Yiloo kuphela nshita imisebenzi kaShakespeare umxholo ubutshaba wokuzalwa amana apha, ukukhulula isithuba ukuba inkcazo yobomi Hutsul, inkcubeko yabo nezithethe. picture okungaqhelekanga yahlukile kakhulu kulo lonke ezifotwe eSoviet Union. Kwakhona waba yimpumelelo enkulu ngamazwe: ukuba into kwimibhiyozo bhanya eItali, Argentina kunye namanye amazwe.

"Umbala yomrharnate" kunye nezinye iifilimu

Kodwa le mpumelelo creative Parajanov ayizange iphele khona. Ngowe-1967 wacelwa ukuba Yerevan studio, apho yena wasiwa somfanekiso malunga imbongi Armenian omkhulu Sayat Nova. Yayibizwa ngokuba "I umbala yomrharnate" kunye ezintsha yayo baphula nkqu "Kwizithunzi Ookhokho Alityelweyo". Kuyo, isakhelo nganye iphatha intsingiselo, imibala uba ngqo kakhulu, kunye nezinto ezingaphiliyo zidlala par kunye abadlali. Le ifilimu kuthelekiswa kwisihobe, apho abalinganiswa bethetha izikweko, yaye abaqalise izigcawu uzaliswe imvakalelo kwaye athwale umyalezo ngokweemvakalelo. Ke ukuba "Kwizithunzi Ookhokho Alityelweyo" - isithsaba ngumlawuli indalo, i "Umbala yomrharnate" - eyincopho ubomi bakhe.

Ukongeza kwezi Imizobo ezimbini, ixesha kweshumi ngakumbi ukugqibezela umsebenzi Sergei Paradjanov: Umlawuli PIU iquka bhanya-16. I-50 wabona ukukhanya "nentsomi Moldavian", "Andries", "UNatalia Uzhviy", "Izandla Golden", "Dumka" yaye "guy yokuqala". Kule 60s, Sergei babesebenza "Ukrainian Rhapsody", "Imbali tyeni", "Kwizithunzi Ngookhokho Andilibale", "eKiev esekelwe", "Hakob Ovnatanyanom", "Abantwana - Komitas" yaye "I umbala of Neerharnati". Emva hiatus iminyaka elishumi ngenxa ukuxhatshazwa kunye nokuvalelwa kwi izikrini phandle "The Legend of the Surami Fortress", "Arabesque kwi Pirosmani" yaye "Ashik Kerib".

Ukuhlupha babanjwe

Uhlobo lo mvukeli waba Sergei Parajanov: bhanya yakhe ezingqubana nenkqubo ezikhoyo, ngoko ke ulwalamano kunye nomlawuli kwamandla eSoviet akusoloko ihamba kakuhle. Ukuba songeza lesibheno sakhe ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba iinkokheli zeqela kunye nesicelo ekuyekeni intshutshiso yamanani abaziwayo inkcubeko kunye nenzululwazi, siyaqondakala yoko le nto kukho "engathandekiyo" ziingcungcu Communist Party. Le umququ yokugqibela yaba utyikityo weleta zizifundiswa Sergeya Paradzhanova owathi ngo-1968 ayekhalazela zocindezelo kwezopolitiko.

Ngenxa kumlawuli ngummi esebenzayo waba ithambo emqaleni igunya. Ngowe-1973, umonde wakhe ebotshwa kunye Parajanov wagwetywa iminyaka emi-5 entolongweni. Kweli nqaku ekhethiweyo ukwenziwa 'emdaka' of kuyondelelaniswe kwabo umxube aziphethe - ubufanasini ngogonyamelo. Isizathu le ngxelo yi ngumlawuli ngenxa yendimbane Belgian, leyo wathi isikhundla sakhe iphumelele Iinkokeli ezininzi iqela. Kucacile ukuba yintlekisa okanye isikweko, kodwa amagunya uphando lawo amagama kokuqaliswa tyala kwakwanele.

Life emva kokukhululwa

Kwayala yi Sergei Paradjanov owayekwimeko enzima kunene; inqaku apho wahlala, hayi bayinqule amabanjwa, phezu koko, Ndiyabucekisa kubo. Ngenxa yoko, le ndoda ixesha nzima phezu zone. I-ray kuphela ukukhanya kule nxalenye yobomi bakhe akhululwe ngesicelo eziliqela amagcisa abadumileyo, ngubani aququzelela uqhankqalazo ngamazwe. Louis naseAragon ngokwakhe, umbhali French edumileyo, ngokobuqu abhekiswe Brezhnev isicelo soxolelo Parajanov. Ngowe-1977, lo mlawuli ezikhutshiweyo, ngoxa engavumi ukuba baphile baze basebenze kummandla Ukraine. Parajanov waya kwilizwe labo imbali - e Tbilisi, apho waqhubeka kusebenza studio "Georgia-Film". Wandula ke wathabatha ngakumbi bhanya ezimbini phawu-ubude.

Ngokumalunga isini babantu imihla yethu iimbono mbali bengavumelani. Isibakala sokuba le ndoda ayikho nje ukuthetha malunga ubuthathaka bakhe kubantu besini eyomeleleyo. Kodwa ngaba uyakholwa le provocateur, eyothusayo engahlawulwayo? Ukuba uthathe ingqalelo yokuba amabali abahlobo bakhe, ke up ama-ezimbini ubomi yakho Parajanov. Bathi kule ntlanganiso joint yaqhayisa yokoyisa ezintsha yokubonisana besini nemazi, oko thsuphe ukuba walukuhlwa umzobi abaselula. Nkqu namaqabane de kube sekupheleni akazange abone imida phakathi eyinyani kunye nenyaniso.

kwiminyaka yakutshanje

Ekupheleni ubomi bakhe kwisixeko lokuzalwa kwakhe weza Sergey Parajanov. Biography lomlawuli, yaye inxalenye yakhe creative, zimiselwe ukuzibulala yaqala apho - ku Tbilisi. Emva koko yathatha umsebenzi wakhe yakutshanje - a tale Mihaila Lermontova "Ashik Kerib". Lomzekeliso nokungalingani kwaye yiyo ukuze umlawuli ngokungaphelelanga ngokuphila uthando olukhulu. Emva koko Parajanov wafudukela Armenia. Apha e Yerevan, ukuba yakhiwe ngokukodwa indlu, wafa umhlaza wemiphunga. Kwathi ngoJulayi 20, 1990. Ngelo xesha wasebenza kwi movie "bavume," leyo, ngelishwa, akazange abe nexesha ukugqiba. Emva koko, lo ezingakhiyo yokuqala babe yinxalenye movie malunga nobomi lomlawuli "Parajanov: Le Spring Last".

Namhlanje, Sergey Iosifovich ndlu waba imyuziyam. Le yenye yeendawo ezininzi ezityelelwe e Yerevan. Enyanisweni Parajanov akazange abe nexesha kuphila kulo. Ngaphandle koku, iindonga sakhiwo ziveza amandla alo. Iindwendwe hlola ukuqokelelwa yayo natyebileyo ikholaji kunye nemizobo, eshiya indlu siqinisekile ukuba umbhali lwabo - wemilingo, italente lokwenyaniso yingqondi mad.

Memory malunga Parajanov

Bona iyayithanda abafazi eSoviet Union, kodwa amantombazana kuphela amazwe. Le nkwenkwezi French edumileyo Katrin Denov Sergei ngokuthi umqondisi kakhulu okhanyayo lonke ixesha. Bona Wazithanda ekuhleni ubuhle esibulalayo, omnye lo mfazi ezikrelekrele eRashiya naseYurophu - uLily Brik. amadoda imbeko italente. Umzekelo, Andrei Tarkovsky, nangona umlinganiswa zayo, wayehlonelwa kakhulu Parajanov. Wayekuthanda ukuchitha ixesha naye. Ukuba nekratshi kakhulu kwaye neenkani, owokuqala wambiza ukuba amalungiselelo enye intlanganiso. Bamthiyileyo iinkampani enengxolo, wabandezeleka ngenxa umhlobo yabo, ngubani wayephambene malunga amaqela elikhulu kwaye ufumane-togethers.

Great Federico Fellini kwakhona wayeyoliswa kakhulu yomphathi. Njengoko njengophawu lwentlonipho, wamnika iwotshi yakhe kunye nabanye imizobo. Sergey Parajanov angathanda ukuphendula kuyo ngokunikezela velvet iilokhwe emnyama, kodwa ngoko akazange abe nexesha. Le ingubo yenzelwe Fellini, umlawuli, waza wangcwatywa. Esi sigqibo senziwa umtshana wakhe - Georgy Paradjanov. Izihlobo umalume enkulu ebizwa ivila ekutyeni nasemakhalaneni, kwiminyaka kamva wathabatha brilliant umboniso malunga idolophu Sergei I. - Tbilisi - phantsi kwesihloko fanekisela "Wonke Umnkile ..."