Reserve Karadag eCrimea. Enezityalo nezilwanyana ze egciniweyo Karadag

Reserve Karadag (ukusuka zamaTurkic - "Black Intaba") - ikona eliligugu eCrimea, leyo ithandwa uninzi ziindwendwe lizwe. Ligcinwe emzantsi-mpuma inxalenye yayo, phakathi iidolophu Spa, Koktebel kunye Shebetovka (kufutshane Feodosia), nguye kuphela eYurophu zejoloji into, nto leyo zindlu mlilo yamandulo extinct.

Karadag Reserve: Volcano

dubulo yokuba kwenzeka kwiminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-120 eyadlulayo, balandela emva kokuba iinkqubo zendalo kukhokelele ekuyilweni amaqela eyodwa amahle, magingxigingxi yaye ezizodwa. Black Sea kufuphi nonxweme Karadag ubukeka amazing: amanzi blue-blue abengezelayo, ngathi frosting yabangazijongisisi nzulu kwaye itshintsha rhoqo umbala ukusuka odidi ukuba ixabiso cornflower oluchumileyo, ukuba akhuphisane eluhlaza wasezulwini.

Sveta Gora Karadag: imimangaliso yokuphilisa

Massif Karadaga lisekwa eziphezulu eziliqela iimilo ahlekisayo efana iindonga kungenakugqithwa kunye turrets kunye nongqameko. Emva kwabo kumi Mountain oyiNgcwele angqukuva - indawo eliphezulu le Karadag ukuphakama 577 leemitha. Wayigubungela ngomthi, le nto ndiyibhalayo phantse ngokupheleleyo betreki - rock kuyilwa luthuthu mlilo nokuba umbala oluhlaza. Kumaxesha amandulo ukuba encotsheni yentaba leyo ingcwele uthixokazi Kali. Xa AD I leminyaka. e. Mountain Ongcwele indawo yonqulo lo UAsclepius uthixo-okuphilisayo.

Kwinkulungwane XIX ilivo lihanjiswa phakathi kwabantu Tatar, nto leyo Mountain Ongcwele ingcwaba ezingaphawulwanga yengcwele, bayiphilise imilwelwe. Yeyiphi ukholo fanele wemimangaliso, bengazi ukuba kutheni wayesoyikwa yaye amaSilamsi, namaKristu. Kufutshane ngokuhlwa izihlwele zabantu zagcwala kwi reserve yangoku Karadag wazisa kule ndawo kubaguli neenqwelo abo phambi kwiindawana kuhlwe cut kweenwele eziqwenga zokukhululana, azibopha amasebe imithi namatyholo ngenjongo ukugcina sifo kule ndawo. Isigulane yabekwa ilitye lesikhumbuzo alekwe zeegusha, baza bemka ngobusuku. Ephupheni ukuba uMoya oyiNgcwele, bechaza unobangela esi sifo, umqondiso wafaka yewadi okanye recovery ithunyelwe. Practice ummangaliso iimpiliso eminyaka zikhona, phantse ukuya ekuqaleni Second World War.

Ukususela ngokombono inzululwazi ephilisa nobuchule ekwiNtaba oyiNgcwele wachaza isiphumo ezingasetyenziswanga kule ndawo amandla geomagnetic enamandla iphembelela ngamandla imozulu, izityalo kunye nezilwanyana. A sepulchral slab (ilitye - megalith) yinto accumulator lwamandla, yasha, igridi nto ibiweyo, indawo basixabhele ebudeni bexesha eSoviet. Okwangoku, iinzame enziwayo ukuze ukubuyisela izinto ezingcwele elahlekileyo.

Karadag rock

Karadag Nature Reserve, imbali yazo Kuthi a nentsomi kwamnandi, akheke emaweni ekhethekileyo, esekwe phantsi kwempembelelo izinto zendalo kunye zifana izilwanyana engaqhelekanga: A ihashe-Gingerbread, i SPHINX, Ivan elinamandla, nobhontsi nguMtyholi. kuqamba yonke weendawo kumi Ridge Kagarach ogama eziphezulu ibizwa uKumkani, uKumkanikazi, kweTrone, Sweet. Kwezinye iindawo iintaba ukwehla kancinane, ebonisa Cove encinane amalwandle emxinwa-zibiyelwe, ndino- igama engaqhelekanga: Frog, lwesardiyo, ingonyama, iBorder, inkunzi, Barakhta.

Golden Gate - ikhadi ishishini Karadag

Rock namabandla Gate Golden okuluphawu olubalaseleyo Karadag. kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa ngonyaka (kufutshane kumhla we-ikhweyitha), apho ungabona ilanga. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba isango umzobo Karadag eziqulathwe-ngqangi of "Eugene Onegin" AS Pushkin, ababehamba ngayo Tauris. Golden Gate Kapa igama yesibini - Shaitan-kapu (kungenjalo - Isango uMtyholi uza). Oku kwakukholelwa ukuba kule ndawo kukho indlela eya esihogweni. Ngaphandle, nesango Golden ke arch, ubunzulu amanzi ngaphantsi oziimitha ezili-15, ukuphakama ngaphezu kolwandle - eemitha-8, ububanzi - iimitha ezi-6. Kukho inkolelo yokuba, sisuka phantsi kwalo arch, ukuze bamphose ingqekembe waya engxondorheni (ngoko kwakhala) yaye ngoko nangoko umnqweno eziya kuza.

Ukohluka le Karadag

Karadag Reserve (ifoto thaca kweli nqaku) iyodwa amatye kuphela, neentaba ifomu ezizodwa, kodwa ke enezityalo nezilwanyana. Yeyona yemvelo ezisengozini, ezinqabileyo kunye zikho (ezifumaneka apha kuphela) iintlobo enezityalo nezilwanyana. Karadag Reserve - kwintsimi ekhethekileyo Biocomplex iCrimea leyo, ngokusebenzisana ubuhle, iimeko engaqhelekanga zendalo, iidiphozithi yezimbiwa ezinqabileyo, isakhiwo ekhethekileyo zejoloji, iziganeko zembali umdla enkulu izazinzulu ehlabathini jikelele kwakunye abathandi uhlobo, ziindwendwe lizwe kunye nabakhenkethi.

Education Karadag Reserve

Kungenxa mass ngokundwendwela eCrimea i perile wasekwa ngo-1979, Karadag Nature Reserve, indawo wazigquma phantse 2.9 amawaka eehektare, apho 809 yeehektare - ummandla amanzi oLwandle Black. Eli nyathelo eziyimfuneko nje wakhonza negalelo ekomelezeni ukhuseleko iwonga ithandwayo ntsimi. Ukungabkho zasendle, ukhenketho sele ubutyebi usongo mineralogical ka Karadag, kwaye sabangela umonakalo omkhulu ukuya flora - emlilweni - kunye izilwanyana - ukuhlukunyezwa.

Ngoko ke, lokusekwa reserve - njengenyathelo kuyimfuneko, nangona ngandlel kunyuswe: iintlobo abuthatha iintaka ezinkulu amaxhoba, amalulwane kunye nezinye izilwanyana sele wanyamalala.

Nature Karadag Reserve utyebile zenye zimelwe zayimimandla emithathu:

• ukusuka kwinqanaba elwandle ukuya kwiimitha ezili-250 - ummandla emathafeni, ehlathini exutywe kunye namatyholo;
• ukusuka 250 ukuya 450 eemitha - ihlathi pubescent oki;
• ngaphezu kweemitha 450 - hornbeam kunye sessile-oki amahlathi.

ECrimea, kukho malunga 2.400 iintlobo zezityalo kweentyatyambo. Kwaye phantse isiqingatha sabo ziyafumaneka Karadag. Lonke flora ye egciniweyo iquka iintlobo 2.782, uninzi ezifakwe kwi-Red Data Iincwadi kwezikhundla ezahlukeneyo. Kukho izityalo ezihlala apha kuphela yaye akukho wumbi.

Kwihlabathi academic ixesha elide kukho imbambano, akukho reserve Karadag entabeni eCrimea nge eyahlukileyo kabukhali ukusuka emathafeni inxenye siqithi, isikhumbuzi yokugqibela kuLwandle Black Atlantis - Pontida, xa unxulumanisa usingasiqithi kunye Turkish kunxweme Sea Black. Oku ngokungangqalanga zibonisa geography imozulu reserve Karadag. Pontida Kwakhona kufuneka inxulunyaniswe kuyomisa umhlaba kunye eCaucasus kunye Balkans: Ayikho enye indlela kuvela apha uze uhlale phantsi, iintlobo zezityalo abayinqobo kuphela kule mimandla.

Karadag Reserve: Izilwanyana

Karadag zezilo kubangela umdla omkhulu. Le nesangxa, ingwe imbaleki wangena kwi-International Red Book. Ezanyisayo zimelwe ilulwane kuyo yonke iyantlukwano yabo. Phakathi izinambuzane ezinqabileyo ziyakwazi ukuchongeka izibawu iCrimea emhlabeni, owlfly, nomqhathu enkulu ukubhabha (emathafeni Dybok), iintlobo ezininzi uMntanezulu. Ulikhaya ilitye marten, le namacilikishe iCrimea kunye engxondorheni, oonomatse, neencanda, ixhama, yasendle. Iintaka, iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-200, nangona ingezizo zonke indlwane apha.

Abemi amanzi Karadag

Sea itsala ubunyulu amanzi kunye neyantlukwano emazantsi (iliwa iqokobhe, amatye, intlabathi), nto leyo eyenza ubunzulu ezingenamqolo benthic, ingakumbi ezineqokobhe, annelids kunye bivalves. Kuqikelelwa ukuba abemi amanzi Karadag i-50-70% yazo zonke izilwanyana Sea Black. Kwakhona Karadag Beach kunokwenzeka rhoqo ukuhlangabezana i dolphins Sea Black. ixabiso kuloba iimbaza. Ngelishwa, wanyamalala omnye lokuloba Sea Black saselwandle esineqokobhe - iimbatyisi. Oku kungenxa ukusasazeka anetyuwa Sea Omnyama - njengenkumba yokuphanga Far East. Ukususela kule igciwane wokulwa ukongeza iimbatyisi wabandezeleka ezinye bivalves Sea Black: a modiolyus elikhulu, scallop, polititapes. Noko ke, ngoku yena rapana kakhulu ingahlakazeki kufuphi nonxweme Karadag, baba uhlobo kujoliswe kulo, kunye Amaqokobhe zayo ezintle undingqavulayo ngempumelelo abakhenkethi.

Karadag monster ikhona?

Amanzi Karadag, ngokutsho legend yamandulo, umiwe ndiyingwenya na. Yihla ngamabali zamaRoma, kwamaGrike Byzantines, ikhangeleka ngathi yinyoka enkulu emnyama-nozithobela ngamathupha ezinkulu clawed, umlomo eyoyikisayo, wamachaphaza kunye imiqolo embalwa amazinyo ezinkulu ezibukhali bakwazi ukuphuhlisa ngesantya intshukumo ephakamileyo, ngokulula likufikela iinqanawa. Kwiinkulungwane XVI-XVIII oomatiloshe Turkish yazisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo Sultan of yokuxubusha inyoka Sea Black. Sabona kuye, namagosa aselwandle Admiral Fedora Ushakova, ingxelo umba uMlawuli Nicholas I. nokuba Ukumkani wathuma uhambo ukubamba ndiyingwenya na, kodwa yena aluphumelelanga. kwiqanda elikhulu wafunyanwa drakonoobraznym ndiseyimbumba vesivshee kilograms 12.

Ezi ntsomi ziye kuqinisekiswe ngowe-1990, xa abalobi oziikhilomitha ezi-3 ukusuka Karadag reserve zothungelwano amrholela umzimba, ezilinyaziweyo, i right. Xa ububanzi esinayo silume umlomo rhamncwa ulwandle malunga imitha, yaye amazinyo - iisentimitha 4-5. umzingeli Kubonwe yaphosa abalobi okukhulu. Ngowe-1991, ipatheni kunyaka ophelileyo ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngokwayo kuthungelwano malunga kwindawo olufanayo kwenye eku xhulumaneni elimele efanayo.

Karadag Guest Peninsula

Karadag Nature Reserve yahlulwe imimandla: vula - abakhenkethi, kwakunye kunqabisa - ezikhuselweyo ngokungqongqo. Kuba iindwendwe ukuza apha ubumnandi, indalo lwembali wavula Dolphinarium kunye Aquarium, iihambo isikhephe kwenziwa, ezikhuthazwayo indlela eziphilayo kunye neendlela eligangathiweyo akugubungele kwezona ndawo umdla egciniweyo; Noko ke, ukuba ayakhuselwa ekuhlaselweni ngqo.

Karadag Biological Station kunye Reserve rhoqo uluhlu le enezityalo nezilwanyana, ukuqhuba olunzulu uphando, izifundo zezilo benthic kunye nezilwanyana zaselwandle. Ngokwesiseko reserve kudlula abafundi practice amandla zejoloji nezamachiza amaziko amaninzi emfundo.