Planning - Yintoni le? Forms neendlela zocwangciso

Ukucwangcisa - yinkqubo yophuhliso kunye nokusekwa ulawulo yombutho odityanisiweyo iimpawu ubuninzi nobulunga ukuba limisele amazinga neentsingiselo zophuhliso yayo, hayi kuphela okwangoku, kodwa kwixesha elide.

Le nkcazelo, impembelelo omkhulu iimeko

Ukucwangcisa - yinto ikhonkco esembindini yonke chain kolawulo kunye nokulawula kwimisebenzi mbutho. Kungenxa yoko le nto zonke ulwahlulo noshowo (isebe, elebhu, njl) iphuhlisa ngokwayo, apho ke zidityaniswe kwisicwangciso olupheleleyo lweshishini.

Isicwangciso kakhulu yayicacile kwaye yenziwa ngempumelelo ukuba izalisekise imisebenzi yayo xa ngokuhambelana nale migaqo ilandelayo:

• Icandelo ngalinye zonke izinto agcine unsubstantiated;
• iithagethi ngokuchanekileyo kwangexesha ithotyelwe ngawo onke amaqela kubo;
• azinalawulo lwesicwangciso lokubulawa yenziwa rhoqo xa zidityaniswe ne-hlengiso yayo yangoku.

kwemimiselo yocwangciso

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, elabelwe siseko jikelele ezintandathu, apho ichazwa imithetho ethile ukuququzelela uphuhliso lwenkqubo amanyathelo abanobuchule.

1. umgaqo kokokunyanzelwa, ie, ukusetyenziswa olusisinyanzelo inkqubo yokucwangcisa kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lomsebenzi mali kunye kuqoqosho lweshishini. Imfuneko planning kuqoqosho zorhwebo asakhulayo yanamhlanje ngenxa ukukwazi ukunciphisa ifuthe elibi yeemeko zangaphandle, phezu koko, yenza kakhulu igalelo labo elihle.
2. umgaqo womanyano, ie, ukuthobela omnye ebumbeneyo sophuhliso isicwangciso ulawulo nokwahlulwa zayo zokusebenza (umzekelo, ucwangciso weendawo). Umgaqo umanyano - a iinjongo eziqhelekileyo isitshixo kunye nezicwangciso inkampani, kwakunye impefumlelwano kwanangamacandelo alo. Oku kusekelwe ingqiqo njenge "ulungelelwaniso" ezinjalo. ie utshintsho izicwangciso neyunithi kufuneka ngoko nangoko zibonakala kwiziCwangciso bombutho.
3. Umgaqo phambili, ie uqhagamshelo indissoluble ne izicwangciso zolawulo neenkqubo zombutho lweshishini elo.
4. Umgaqo bhetyebhetye, ie isakhono zonke izigaba zesicwangciso ukutshintsha indlela abaphila ngayo njengoko kufuneka ngenxa yeemeko ebezingalindelekanga. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa mgaqo, isibonelelo okuninzi izicwangciso mbutho, oko kukuthi, ithuba lokwenza iinguqu ezifunekayo.
5. ngokuchaneka umgaqo, ie, ekuqinisekiseni ukuthotyelwa kunye neenjongo ngokubanzi izicwangciso kunye izakhono lweshishini, kwakunye ixesha elimisiweyo.
6. Umgaqo-nxaxheba, oko kukuthi, ukubandakanyeka kuphuhliso bonke abaqeshwa. Umzekelo, kusengqiqweni ukuphathisa iintloko weendawo ucwangciso namasebe ngamasebe ukuze ukubandakanywa ngakumbi kwisicwangciso ngokubanzi.

Iintlobo ucwangciso kwi lweshishini

Ngokutsho ngokweenkcukacha uhlobo izicwangciso yahlulwe imveliso yobugcisa, ezoqoqosho kunye nokusebenza kunye. Kwimeko yokuqala kukho isicwangciso yeempawu ezisisiseko yophuhliso lombutho, ngelixa yesibini - imisebenzi ngoku zenziwe kwiiyunithi zayo zoshishino.

Ngokutsho iqondo izicwangciso ukungaqiniseki zahlulwe zibe deterministic kunye probabilistic. Kwimeko yokuqala kuziwa iziganeko izicwangciso, amathuba ekufuphi kumanyano kuqinisekiswa yi ulwazi oluthembekileyo. Kwimeko yokugqibela ngayo lusekelwe kulwazi ngoku, apho kunokwenziwa isigqibo kwi kuphuhliso olungaphezulu ezithile iparameters (umz, inani yokwahluka).

Ngokutsho umxholo izicwangciso lweshishini le yahlulwe:

• zokuyila izicwangciso zezoshishino
• zentlalo zabasebenzi
• zombutho, ezobuchwepheshe, njl

Ngokutsho neqondo ukuchana yahlulwe eling'awukazi yande.

Inkqubo yocwangciso kwi kwishishini

lweshishini zonke, eqonda imfuneko, liqhuba ucwangciso oluqhubekayo. Yintoni inkqubo yocwangciso kwi nkampani yaye oko kwenzeka njani? Iqala nangoko kulwenziwo lwezicwangciso (inkqubo yocwangciso) kwaye abone ukuphumeza njani. Inqanaba elilandelayo - ukuphunyezwa, emva oqala ulawulo lesigaba kunye nocazululo ucwangciso, ie Uthelekiso kwiziphumo ezifunyenwe kunye imisebenzi.

Planning. Yintoni na iindlela zokwenza ucwangciso kwi kwishishini, ukuhlelwa kwazo

indlela Balance iquka iimfuno ratio kwezibonelelo lweshishini kunye imithombo yenkxaso, kwakunye imbalelwano phakathi amacandelo noshowo esi sicwangciso. Umzekelo, kunxibelelana ngqo umthamo zebandla zibe zifunge mngeni zalo esezisetyenziswa ngoku.

indlela Imali-analytical ibandakanya ubalo kwiimpawu ezithile sicwangciso, kucazululo ukukhula okanye ukuncipha phantsi kwempembelelo iimeko zangaphandle.

iindlela Economic-zemathematika ibandakanye isifundo komsebenzi yomsebenzi lweshishini, ukuphuhliswa iinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo yesicwangciso kunye nokukhethwa elilelona.

indlela kohlaziyo obeka esetyenziselwa uzibone iziphumo zohlalutyo kwezoqoqosho ngendlela lomzobo.

indlela Inkqubo-ekujoliswe - ekwenzeni iinkqubo ezithile zophuhliso, ukutsho oko iseti iinjongo kunye neendlela zokufikelela kuzo, simanyene imigomo efanayo kunye nemihla (umzekelo, izicwangciso nyanga nganye).

kucwangciso lwexesha elide

Inkqubo ekwenzeni iiplani ixesha elide kwaye kukho kucwangciso lwexesha elide. Yintoni na le mbono? Oku koko, ngokoluvo yolawulo, lo mbutho ulindele kwixesha elizayo. izicwangciso zexesha elide njengesixhobo solawulo engundoqo kuzisebenzisa. Ezi zicwangciso aqulunqwa ethuba ukususela kwiminyaka-5 ukuya ku-20, kwaye ingqiqo jikelele kuphuhliso lwamashishini kunye nesakhiwo kwala manyathelo abaluleke kakhulu ukuphumeza iinjongo.

Phambili ucwangciso yahlulwe eliphakathi elide (iminyaka emi-5) kunye nelide ibe (kwisithuba seminyaka ukuya ku-15). Kwimeko yokugqibela, indlela isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ezenziwe, elibhekisela izicwangciso ngokususela kwintsebenzo elidlulileyo.

ucwangciso Current. Yintoni na ishedyuli?

Oku kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ezineenkcukacha disassembly Isicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu lweshishini lilonke kwiiyunithi zoshishino yayo ngamnye. Eyona engundoqo izigaba zesicwangciso kwimveliso yangoku - a uhlelo (ngosuku, ngeveki, njalo njalo). Xa kwabalelwa ukuqulunqa ulwazi malunga phambi kwee-odolo, ukubonelela izixhobo eziphathekayo lweshishini, factor umthwalo kunye nokusetyenziswa amandla, njl

Ukuthatha inxaxheba intloko

Going evela kucwangciso lwexesha elide kwisicwangciso khalenda kokohlukana lwangaphakathi lweshishini, kufuneka:

• ukumisela iithagethi kunye nezalathisi ixesha elithile ngeyunithi nganye;
• utho- kungangqinelani kunokwenzeka phakathi iivenkile izicwangciso zangaphakathi;
• nokwaba zonke izibonelelo zenkampani ngokungqinelana nenkqubo yayo imveliso.

Umsebenzi ophambili we umlawuli onamava - ukulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo iimfuno ngenxa ukuphunyezwa zophuhliso lwexesha elide, imingeni ekhoyo kunye neemfuno zombutho. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko ibandakanyeka kwiziko ekhethekileyo izicwangciso.