Pisa Cathedral: The Story of a style ekhethekileyo. Umgca okekeleyo ngasemva kunye lokubhaptiza

Pisa Cathedral ise kwidolophu encinane Italian of Pisa. Cathedral ne odumileyo Outcomes Tower kunye lokubhaptiza Ngumqondiso lo mzi, etsala amakhulu amawaka abakhenkethi ngonyaka. Esi sixeko yasekwa kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama engamawaka amabini eyadlulayo, namhlanje ulikhaya kancinane ngaphantsi kwe-90 amawaka. Man. Apha Ndazalwa yaye wafundisa kwiyunivesithi lwengingqi odumileyo uGalileo Galilei, kwaye wezityalo neentyantyambo kwisixeko kufaneleke ukuba ibe intle kwihlabathi. Temple igqibe jonga medieval isixeko emangalisayo yeyokukhulisa, nawuphi uya kukuxelela ngovuyo kwaye ubonise apho yecawa ka Pisa.

Imbali ukwakhiwa kwetempile

Pisa Cathedral ke kuloo ndlu yecawa yesixeko omnye omdala eItali. Yasungulwa ngo-1063, kwisithuba nokuchuma Pisa, elisuke laba enye sites shopping inkulu Italy. yathatha Ukwakhiwa malunga amabini eminyaka, ngelo xesha yecawa efumaneke eyakhe bembonakalo yayo ezizodwa kunye nanto.

Ku yakhiwa womzobi Busketo Di Dzhovanni Giudice, nto leyo ngaloo mihla wayesaziwa ngokuba iingcinga ezintsha kunye nokwakhiwa isikali. Phambi kwakhe umsebenzi onzima - kuyimfuneko ukuba kwakhiwe isakhiwo eyayiza ubuKristu yi ubuhle sicwangciso kunye Cathedral of St. Marko e Venice, elakhiwa ngexesha elifanayo. Pisa and iVenice akhuphisana enye kwenye ezintweni zonke, namagunya Ukwayama ayikwazanga singalahlekani le ngxoxo.

Busketo wamitha kakhulu yecawa grand - kwisakhiwo efanayo wayefuna ukuthatha izinto zokwakha eziliqela. Ngoko Pisa Cathedral, isimbo sakhe olululo ngenxa xesha, wafumana izinto yaseByzantium, Lombard no Muslim. Busketo wakwazi nje ukwakha ubuhle okukhulu ibandla, uye wadala ngendlela ngokwesiseko entsha bokwakha - Pisan Romanesque style.

ukubonakala

Uyilo olungaphambili ephambili Cathedral kumi esinye wezakhiwo, Rainaldo. Yena izimvo zakhe Busketo waphakamisa ezimbalwa iziqalelo zoyilo efanayo longeziweyo. Olungaphambili ephambili uba look entsha - ngoku ukuba ihonjiswe yi Iiveranda omise, kwenziwe ngendlela elula. A langutane ni abamnyama, abamhlophe kunye blue emarmore ngokomfuziselo azizikweri. Le isisombululo esilula ikhangeleka gqitha, nokuchasanisa ilanga eliqaqambileyo kwaye itsala kude ancome.

Cathedral arch kunye nemihlathi zazenziwe ngexesha iinkosi ezingcono zibonwa kahle ngayo ukuhluzwa inxalenye nganye. Pisa Cathedral na imilo umnqamlezo xa usibona phezulu - oku isicombululo zemveli ngenxa icawa yamaKatolika. Ukubonakala kwaso ngobambana abakhenkethi nobuhle nakwiingqameko zalo lenyengane, imifanekiso kunye nenani elikhulu ungamalungu ezincinane ezenziwe nge ngqo a othengisa yakhe.

Le umhombiso elingaphakathi

Unanamhla oku ithe walondolozwa imilo yangaphakathi akudala na Cathedral ka Pisa. Italy ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVI zafumana umlilo enamandla, apha nabo kwakukho omnye wabo, abatshabalalisa isakhiwo ngamaplanga. Emva kwale ntlekele, zonke iindonga zaye zinokuhonjiswa ngoncedo emnyama namhlophe, isilingi isicelo gilt Iingalo i Medici.

Emva umlilo 1302 wasinda zayimosaic, oluveza uKristu, kwaye ngexesha elinye kumiselwa liSebe, elisuke namhlanje umboniso eyodwa sculpture ephakathi. inxalenye yayo ephezulu ibonisa imiboniso ephambili kwiTestamente Entsha eziye zaba nemikrolo ukusuka ibhastile.

Umgca okekeleyo ngasemva

Le nqaba yasekwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba zigqityiwe ukwakhiwa olusisiseko yecawa. Amatye zokuqala kwiziseko isiseko bathiwa ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XII, ukwakhiwa kweendonga zayo phantse kwiminyaka elikhulu phantsi kolawulo bezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo kunye izihlandlo eziliqela oluphazanyiswa ngenxa nokujikeleza okubangelwa.

Ngenkulungwane XIII, kwagqitywa ukulungisa ithambeka ngokusebenzisa balcony erhabaxa yakhiwe ngokukodwa, kodwa oku akuzange kungakhokelela impumelelo, ithambeka ishiyeka kwaqhubeka. Nasekugqityweni kwayo ngo-1350, kwakhiwa iyonke imigangatho 8 ubude beemitha 56.

Utyekelo kwinqaba ngenxa emhlabeni ethambileyo kwi kwisiseko sayo. Iimposiso kuyilo, wenze umzi odumileyo kulo lonke ihlabathi, yaye igama nenqaba - igama indlu. Wonke abakhenkethi abatyelela Italy, ijonge ukwenza iifoto kulo mdlalo. Ngowe-2008, oosonzululwazi ubhengeze ukuba inkqubo zokuwa phantse zaphela.

lokubhaptiza

Pisa Cathedral iquka kwi lomculo walo esinye isakhiwo echaphazela indlela engaqhelekanga - lokubhaptiza. Yeyona inkulu e-Italy, ubude achazwe apha mkhulu kangange- 100 leemitha. Injengenqaba, luhlanganisa iintlobo ezimbini, Romanesque kunye Gothic, njengoko yayakhiwe ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo yi nabayili ezahlukeneyo.

Esi sakhiwo yenziwe ibhastile. Le tier yokuqala ezihonjiswe nakwiingqameko, ukwakhiwa isimbo yaseByzantium, qhubeka ukuba anincedi ngalinye - ezincinane arch-amazinyo, isakhiwo ezimbini. Embindini yecawa luphawulwa ukuzibamba. Le isakhiwo zinokuhonjiswa ngenkunzi yenkomo amajukujuku ngeenxa ukuba udala ngaphakathi kwakhe umsindo ekhethekileyo.

Yintoni enye ukubona e Pisa

Kakade ke, abakhenkethi ezithunyelwa Pisa ukubona ngawakhe obukhulu bobugcisa kumaXesha Aphakathi kwaye bonwabele imbono ekhethekileyo kwinqaba eziwa ka Pisa. Kodwa ukufika e Pisa, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo nesixeko ngokwaso.

Kufutshane imbaxa emangcwabeni Campo Santo. Oku kwenziwa kwi indlela efanayo njengoko Cathedral of Pisa, iifoto kunye nezingqameko Gothic neengqameko Romanesque kwi labobalawuli excursion sele belingana kwenqaba. Ungqiyame ikhitshi kwahlukile incasa Italian yemveli okuneziqholo ndikho lokubulawa: zokutyela abaninzi cafes zinyangwa ukuba izitya ezaziwa kubakhenkethi ayizame kodwa uGalileo Galilei apha.