Pericardium: photo, isakhiwo, imisebenzi, izifo, unyango. Pericardium - a ...

Sazi Kukangaphi kuva ukuba umntu unentliziyo embi, kodwa uqonde kunqabile yintoni na busengozini. Izifo enxulumene yegazi, wabeka. Kwaye bonke niphuphuma iinkcazelo azicaci yaye isigama. Hi xikombiso, le pericardium. Yintoni na kuyo, ukuba ibekwe yaye yintoni ukubandezeleka phi?

Yintoni pericardium?

Okokuqala, kufuneka siqonde ukuba yintoni na busengozini. Pericardium - a pericardium, apho izindlu nje kuphela intliziyo kodwa izinto pericardial. ILizwi weza amayeza ulwimi Greek. intsingiselo yawo zokoqobo - "ngeenxa entliziyweni." Abanye oogqirha tsalela pericardium ihempe pericardial. Enyanisweni, lo engaphandle ingaphakathi intliziyo ka kwizicwili.

Ngokutsho isakhiwo sayo le pericardium - ibhegi closed, sifunda ikhowuni thumbanails. Xa abadala, noseko lwalo elimxinwa ilele phezu emngxunyeni, enkcochoyini ebanzi esekelwe aorta unyuka. Isingxobo yonke ubunjwe sheets ezimbini, enye yazo na Parietal, ukuba kuthiwa pericardium. Okwesibini - a visceral, oko kukuthi i-epicardium.

Ubume umchiza le pericardium. Apha iileya ezimbini: serous ezinezikhondo ngaphakathi langaphandle. maleko ezinezikhondo ubunjwe inyama ezinezikhondo ashinyeneyo esigquma intliziyo adlulele isiqu pulmonary kunye pulmonary ngemithambo emlonyeni. maleko Serosal ibandakanya izihlunu ashinyeneyo nokuqina, ogqunywe epithelium carcinomas. Ijwabu serosal wavelisa ulwelo ethile ugcwalisa umsantsa phakathi iimakhishithi ye pericardium kunye epicardium. Le igrisi zendalo lula ukukhuhlana. Le pericardium esempilweni omdala kwabantu iqulethe nama-25 ml bolwelo. Ngenxa yoko, isakhiwo kungenxa nokugcinwa yengcinezelo pericardium inyama kwaye enza umsebenzi inkxaso, nto leyo ethintela kakhulu yade kwentliziyo. ethambisayo xa iqatyiwe sheets ulwelo kunciphisa ukuxabana ekunciphiseni umzimba.

Pericarditis. definition

Ukophulwa isakhiwo kunye nokusebenza pericardium kuthiwa pericarditis. Le yinkqubo yokukrala ezehla nezihlunu le sac pericardial. Ngenxa yokuba pericardium - inxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo esempilweni sentliziyo, naziphi na iinkqubo zophendlo lwezifo ukuba ayingozi ebantwini.

Ngenxa ukudumba ngaphakathi lweHo- kukho ukuqokelelana exudate engamanzi. Oku kukhokelela ucinezelo intliziyo esithintela zokumpompa eqhelekileyo igazi. Ngokutsho isakhiwo exudate kukuba kweentlobo ezimbini. Kunokuba serous okanye ubovu, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo ekubulaleni pericardium.

Eyona Ingxaki izigulane ukuba sifo kunzima ukubona. Xa izifo zentliziyo, oogqirha ukuseka lo unesifo kuphela ngo-0.5% yamatyala. Noko ke, manani, ukususela pericarditis uzifelayo-5% of the umphakathi. Ngaphezu kwama-80% amatyala abafunyenwe emva kwesidumbu.

yokwahlukanisa Medical

Pericarditis yahlulwe ngamaqela ezintathu. Izifo pericardium ibe womlinganiswa ezasulelayo, kuba aseptic okanye idiopathic.

Unobangela of pericarditis ezosulelayo kunokuba isifo sephepha, ukuvuza ngaphantsi, negcushuwa, segazi. Kwakhona uthathe ingqalelo izitshanguba azixhaphakanga yintsholongwane, ezifana ikholera, icesina kunye anthrax.

Obubonakala aseptic pericarditis uphawu izifo samathambo, iposi engabalulekanga, kwemithambo aortic. Kwakhona, unobangela usenokuba umothuko kunye notyando. Uyinqaba ngolu hlobo, kodwa kwizifo ezinokubangelwa izifo extracardiac, ezifana pneumonia, perforation esophageal kunye nabanye. isifo Aseptic pericardial usenokuphelekwa somhlaza igazi nangezilonda amabi kwamanye amalungu. Ngamanye amaxesha umfutho uba amayeza nokwaliwa okanye unyango radiation.

pericarditis Idiopathic ke imvelaphi ayaziwa. Ukuze ufumanise ukuba unobangela wale ngxaki akunakwenzeka.

Development of pericarditis (ifom ezosulelayo)

Indlela elula ukuchonga pericarditis, equlunqiweyo imvelaphi sisifo esosulelayo. Kulo mzekelo, kwadala iinkqubo ezigonyekileyo umzimba ukulwa iintsholongwane. Ukwazi amagciwane kwi ancedisana amalungu kwandisa permeability of inwebu nemithambo. amacandelo kugcwale Ulwelo of igazi ekunqandeni, ufumana emva sac pericardial. Oku lutshintsha nokwakhiwa kulwelo yokuqaba em- wengxowa, kukwaphulwa izihlunu pericardial, siwenze ube amabala. Isigaba sokuqala sale isifo - pericarditis owomileyo. Isigaba sesibini - ngcina, apho kukho azikhuli nezibhaxu.

Iimpawu kwinqanaba lokuqala

Ukuze ubone ugqirha, izigulane pericarditis eyomileyo akhalaze yentlungu ezintliziyweni. Ubuhlungu iimpawu zabo:

1. Ukususela ekusekweni kwayo ngeeyure ezimbalwa kuyanda intlungu. Uhlobo okhaliswa intlungu ukusuka close obuthathaka ukuze nodandatheko. It linokuchazwa njenge abuhlungu, ukutshisa okanye etyeni.
2. kuvela ubuhlungu emva kwentamo, ekhwapheni ngasekhohlo, epigastric. Baya kuzinika entanyeni okanye ikota yesangqa ekunene aphezulu kunye nesisu.
3. Iintlungu kwandisa xa uphefumla nzulu, ezama ukuginya ukutya okanye amathe, ukukhohlela, intshukumo.
4. Iintlungu kwehle ukuba begoba phambili okanye ulale phantsi ngasekunene kwakhe ndaxhwitha imilenze yakho onke.

Oku kubonisa ukuba intlungu akaziphenduli yokwamkela "nitroglycerin", kodwa sehlile ntlungu.

exudative

Njengokuba isifo pericardial kuphuhliswa ngaphakathi pericardium iqala ukuba nomzi lwelo okanye ubofu. Kweli nqanaba, kukho ifiva, ukuphelelwa umoya, ukhohlokhohlo owomileyo, isifuba yengxinano, hiccups, cyanosis kunye nokudumba.

unyango

Kuxhomekeka imilo kunye ikhondo esi sifo, izigulane ezimiselweyo analgesics, amachiza anti-ukudumba kunye neendlela axhasayo. Kwakhona eboniswayo imixube magnesium potassium.

Xa le mithi zongezwa iinkqubo ubovu eyahlukileyo wolawulo. Oku kunokuba zomlomo, efakwa okanye catheter kummandla pericardial. Ubovu exudate kufuna ukususwa.

Kwezinye iimeko, amisele pericardium okuhlatywa. Xa azikhuli kufuneka uqhaqho lwentliziyo.