Pendulum yokuyisebenzisa - lokungcangcazela awo

Phakathi candelo yesikolo inkqubo Physics i "obungunaphakade" ukuze "ukuhla" mhlawumbi yeyona nostalgic - yena bakhumbula imihla ethile buhlungu efudumeleyo. Akuthandeki ukuba nokuba umntu, bekhumbula isifundo angaboni, kuqala, phawula-tock, tik- kunjalo ... pendulum - "ubunzulu" kweyunithi ukusuka lwekhabhinethi ye physics. Noko ke, laboratory pendulum "uphawu", kodwa izimvo zalo Classic aphakathi kusoloko kubonakala bathi, gungqa, angunaphakade lwethikh-tock, tik- kunjalo ... "Musani ukuzicingela imizuzwana phantsi." Umsebenzi kwezi zixhobo nabalulamileyo ngenkangeleko - ukubonisa ukuba - nokunyuka.

Siyaqonda ukuba ihlabathi, kwaye siyayibona loo nto ithetha indlela abasingqongileyo na inyathelo elula lula. Nokuya - lo kuqala Foucault, kunye neeyure, kunye nombane, unomathotholo, umabonakude, isandi kwesithethi kunye mobilka ozithandayo - isihlwele lonke lweenkqubo oscillatory. Kulungile, ngoko, masikhumbule oko ezifundiswa esikolweni - le awo ze intlokoma, iifomyula, iigrafu. Ngenxa yoko, intlokoma ... yintoni na?

Yonke into singqongwe i "Indawo eziphathekayo", leyo, ngasizathu sithile, abazange behleli phantsi bethe tu. Kulo isiphithiphithi, intlokoma intshukumo ukwahlukana ebizwa inkqubo apho ingongoma eziphathekayo, maxa wambi ebizwa ngokuba kwinkqubo usoloko ubuyela kwindawo yayo lizama xa kuphambuka kuyo amaxesha amaninzi. Ubukhulu kuka ubuninzi ukusuka kwindawo lizama ke awo oscillation. Isixhobo engcono ukubonisa intlokoma mechanical, Kakade ke, pendulum yingwevu - Georgia (ibhola, idiskhi okanye ngentonga), warhoxiswa ngomsonto. Lungisa kunjalo - kwaye apha imo kuvuselele. Thatha umthwalo ukuya kwicala ulundulule into oyibonayo? Injalo loo nto, kuya kuqalisa yawo 'uphawu-tock ": ukubuyela kwindawo lizama, baphambuke kwelinye icala, uze uphinde ubuyela indawo kuvuselele. Ukuba pendulum nto ukuthintela, ngoko ke noko amnye ebantwini kwakhona baphambuke ecaleni ... njalo rhoqo kude, ngenxa umkhosi frictional, kuba akazange ayeke.

It nje Kwenzeka ukuba nasiphi na isixhobo ukuba ubunzima, ubungakanani kunye nezinye iimpawu, kufuneka siqulathe iseti iimpawu ukuba kungenziwa kuphela ukuchaza le "izinto ngongoma" kangangokuba ukuziphatha yalo ukusuka intsebenziswano kunye imvelo waba enokuxelwa, siyavakala kwaye ziqondakale. iimpawu Ezo pendulum oscillation awo kunye nexesha. Nezinye iparameters ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo - yezabelo yoqobo, lukwa yinxalenye kubo (isigaba) okanye ngenxa izibalo vetshe (frequency).

Inyathelo elilandelayo ukufunda ihlabathi alucelomngeni intlokoma - eksperimenti elula ukumisela parameters lento yethu - kuqala. isixhobo pendulum kulula ukuba akukho - vulu ibhola, ingongoma lokunqunyanyiswa kwalo. Indlela ukufumana awo le oscillations ye pendulum? Ewe, kulula, kule meko, njengoko bathi, kunye nekhitshi ukukwenza. Yonke into kulula (ngaphakathi kwemida ethile). Ingxaki yokuqala: kukho pendulum umisiwe yophahla - sediski ezintsimbini umsonto. Sinomdla kwixabiso zokwahluka disc ukusuka kwindawo kuvuselele. Xa pendulum umile yenza ingqalelo ukulingana indawo phezu kodonga, okanye iseti emva liphepha screen. Push disc. Kuqala iya kuqalisa ukuba oscillate, nethunzi disc uya 'kusondela "indlela kwikhusi. Ukuhambisa intonga (ungakwazi ipenisile) kwikhusi, sifumana indawo yokugqibela, xa isithunzi oscillations kwi kwinqanaba okuvala kwisalathisi sethu, kwaye kwenza uphawu. Umgama ukusuka lizama kwindawo enxebeni kunye namandla awo le oscillations lalo myolelo pendulum. Liyinyaniso elokuba, kulula? Yaye ngubani uthandabuza.

Kakade ke, kusenokwenzeka ukuba 'mihla' ukucikideka kunye iintsimbi ngekhompyutha kwaye utsale abenzi photo neempempe okanye sebenzisa i laser umgama imitha, ukuba imilinganiselo kwezinye amanani enomtsalane emva kokuba indawo enedesimali, kodwa akukho nto ukutshintsha kubume bayo - somlinganiselo kude omkhulu kuqala ukusuka kwindawo lizama, ie, awo elilinganisiweyo. Umsebenzi ukuba babe namava ukuze ufumane ngokulula i "imfihlelo" ye kuqala - le oscillation awo kuxhomekeke kuphela kwiimeko sokuqala, ie, enyanisweni inqaba Ekuqaleni, nto leyo eye uwaphule lizama okanye amandla kubantu inkqubo okokuqala jinga xa kuqala ukuba baphambuke yi imo yekona ethile ukusuka kwindawo yayo kuvuselele.