Njengoko films oluvakalisa: omsebenzi osemqoka, imbali kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngendlela ukunika ilizwi iifilimu. Xa kwafika talkies? Ziziphi lobuchwepheshe zisetyenziswa? Yintoni efunekayo ukwenza isandi esemgangathweni? Kule hayi kuphela izinto ngakumbi.

Imbali emfutshane

Ngexesha wayila ye cinema uluntu ngomsindo ukurekhodwa iteknoloji ukuba iyafumaneka. Ukulungiselela le njongo sisebenzisa isixhobo ekuthiwa igramafoni. Imizamo yokuqala kwi yokudibanisa imifanekiso ezinambuzelayo kwikhusi kunye audio ezithathwe uThomas Edison umva ngo-1894. Ukuba zizo zombini i-ibhalwe kunye nomncedisi wakhe uWilliam Dixon wadala movie umboniso yokuqala, leyo ndamgocagoca ibinzana: "Molo, uMnu Edison, ndiyathemba ukuba ingaba bonwatyisiwe kusini na iinkcukacha ze-bhanyabhanya?" Noko ke, wayila akazange ukufumana isicelo kwayo, kuba ngelo xesha kwakunzima kakhulu ukudala ukurekhoda ophezulu ezisemgangathweni kanye ukuvumelanisa kunye nevidiyo.

A efanayo Edison mgaqo, wazama ukuba ubunyani umvelisi French Leon Gomon. Ngowe-1900, wakwazi ukuba ukuvumelanisa igramafoni-kuthiwa izixhobo Lumière ekwakusetyenzwa lomdlalo ividiyo. Lo mshini uhlala ukwazi yobugcisa kunye cinema sandi akazange umiselwe ukuba ivele nokuba amashumi eminyaka.

Okokuqala avakalisa yi filimu

De kube sekupheleni imi--30 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela, bonke movie "isisidenge." Ababukeli umfanekiso kuphela wacebisa, nto leyo ukhatshwa ngumculo. Kamva nangoku ukuba kusungulwe inkqubo ekwaziyo ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi quality audio ehambisanayo ngevidiyo. Noko ke, impumelelo ezintsha studio idibene ngokuqaphela okukhulu. Isizathu yaba ukungafuni labaqeshi ezinye iinkampani buyanceda ukuchitha imali kusungulo yesandi apha ebhantini lakhe.

Abachasi nokudalwa bhanya yesandi nayo abadlali ezaziwayo-kakuhle. Ngokukodwa, eliqhula odumileyo uCharlie Chaplin wathetha phezu ukuphunyezwa iteknoloji kwimveliso ifilimu isicombululo "bulala" ibinzana ubugcisa yentloko ebambeleyo nomnqweno ukulingwa yoyilo. Noko ke, isandi nangoku sikwavulelekile ukuba kungenzeka zokudala imifanekiso ibali ngcono.

'Cwaka' umboniso usaqhubeka ukuphumelela nabaphulaphuli ebanzi de kwango-1927, xa izikrini yeza umboniso yokuqala isandi kwimbali. Le ukupeyinta, enomxholo othi "I-Jazz Singer", wayehamba yi hayi ngokucula kuphela, kodwa waba iingxoxo lebyi ezihambelana yobuso of abadlali. Nangona yokuba lo mboniso kukho kuphela amagqabaza ambalwa, i tape ebangele yezigcawu ekuhlaleni, wabanika isiqalo elungileyo kuphuhliso isandi ifilimu.

ukurekhoda technology sound

Njengoko movie Aristide? Ngemihla okuqala bhanya kunye ngomongo wencoko abe isandi Phonographic wahlala. Ngamanye amazwi, kwabakho umboniso kwi kwindawo ngaphaya kwawo, esisetyenziswe track yomsindo. Ububanzi utshintsho lokugqibela, ngokusekelwe intlokoma yesandi.

kwizinga eliphezulu "ngemagnethi" isandi ukuvela 50. Le yeteknoloji ukwenza isiqwenga obhityileyo a oxide ezintsimbini umboniso, ukusuka apho kwimpembelelo isandi entloko nosiba, efana isishicileli tape. Oku wavula ithuba nje ukubhala incoko, kodwa ukwenza i ezikumgangatho ophezulu iziphumo eyodwa. Obu bugcisa idla ngokusetyenziswa kule mini, nakuba kungenzeka ekudaleni odiyo yedijithali.

Iindlela ifilimu amanqaku

Ke ngoku malunga nendlela ukuba abhale bhanya ilizwi zimfundiso. Apha, indlela ingasetyenziswa nokubekwa ngaphambi okanye esilandelayo kwiqela isandi ividiyo. Indlela lokuqala lubandakanya ukulungiswa phonograms phambi kokuqala kosuku. Ngoko ke, kamva beqonga enze ngokuvumelana soundtrack sele ugqibile apho kudlalwa umva kwisiza. Le ndlela iye isibetho ukwenza isandi ifilimu. Okwangoku, le okwetyeli kuyo, ikakhulu xa uthatha umdaniso nomculo zezwe, ukudala ama umabonwakude.

Njengoko indlela amanqaku elandelayo, apha, njengoko unokuthekelela ukusuka kanye inkcazelo, baye babhenela ekuyilweni soundtracks emva kokugqitywa komsebenzi ngale filimu. Ukurekhoda le ndlela lwenzeka kwi studio apho abadlali lokuyivelisa izandi kuyimfuneko, ebukele umbono kunye nenxaxheba yawo kwi-screen okhethekileyo.

ukudala imiphumela

Ethetha movie oluvakalisa, asinakukwazi kuhlala phezu koko, apho ifuthe ungadubula, umoya, ukucula, nezinye. Kubonakala ngathi le ndlela ingenandleko ukudala usebenzisa izixhobo yedijithali. Kodwa, Isimanga, nkqu synthesizers kakhulu namhlanje nako ukuvelisa uluhlu lomnqweno yimfumba. Ngoko ke, lo abasunguli movie musa nanceba imali lombutho ezikumgangatho ophezulu ngokupheleleyo-scale lokurekhoda. Ukuze ufumane yambombozela yolwandle, abahleli kufuneka ukuya elunxwemeni. Ukurekhoda iingcali audio Bang ilunyekwa iintonga dynamite endle. Kwaye oku kusebenza phantse zonke iziphumo asetyenziswe cinema mihla.

Xa yokugcina "Foley" enoluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo standard eyenza kube lula ukwenza ezithile izandi trudnovosproizvodimye. Asiyi dwelisa uluhlu olupheleleyo lwezixhobo ezikhoyo. We sibala nje ezimbalwa kubo:

• Sound of iimpuphu zamahashe - izithonga yenza ikhokhonathi kwindawo eqinileyo.
• Kwemeko kwethambo - ezityumza ngamalunda umbhobho of celery okanye pasta.
• Amanyathelo kwikhephu - ukucudisa engxoweni yeplastiki ezele istatshi.
• Ezi izandi ngamanqindi embetha inyama ngexesha umlo - kunkqonkqoza isidumbu isilwanyana okanye ikhabe.
• technology eyenzeke - uvuthuza ibhokisi yentsimbi ezele izixhobo.

Ngubani wavakalisa movie eRashiya?

Ukulungiselela umboniso bhanyabhanya angaphandle zokubukela basekhaya asebenzise indlela dubbing. Le nkqubo efanayo, ilandelwe yi sonication. Umahluko imfuneko inguqulelo ngokuphawula kunye ngokubekwa itekisi Russian, ngokutsho zokulinganisa iintshukumo abadlali. Ngexesha Uphindaphindo isandi lweengoma yokuqala isuswa ngokupheleleyo uze indawo entsha ngezwi kunye nengxolo sihambisana.

Ngubani wavakalisa iifilimu in Russian? Ekulungisweni bhanya, eyenzelwe umboniso kwiscreen ngokubanzi, ngokufuthi kuyo abadlali abaqeqeshiweyo, adala ilizwi-over, efuna ukuhambisana ezifana. Ke ukuba amakhasethi eziveliswe kwi diski kunye namanye amajelo eendaba emzimbeni yokugcina, apha iimovie imfuno wavakalisa Goblin (Dmitriem Puchkovym) okanye amanye amagcisa engahlawulwayo abanamava dubbing. Kwimeko yokugqibela, oko kudla isicelo phezu kabani lesixa umsindo lula isandi yokuqala.

Kokufaka films animated

Xa kudalwa oopopayi okwetyeli pre-kurekhodwe odiyo. Ngamanye amazwi, ukulungele kubalinganiswa ikhathuni ukuba kuvela xa imifanekiso yazo thina. amabinzana Ubude kunye nezandi wangena kule sheets ezizodwa emva ingcaciso imilinganiselo zokuqala. Konke oku kuvumela multipliers ukubala inani eyimfuneko imifanekiso zibekwe kuzimele.

Ekuphetheni

Ngoko ke ndicinge ukuba ukunika indlela ilizwi iifilimu. Ngaxa lithile, ukuvela kobuchwepheshe sele unike ifuthe elibonakalayo kuphuhliso lwe zabe wenza olu hlobo art uthandwa kakhulu eluntwini. Hi ndlela leyi, enkosi ekudalweni isandi umboniso Kwabonakala ukudubula entsha, Principles yokuqala, kuquka ububanzi sinye.