Igama elithi "flash memory" Ngoku yomlomo wonke. Igama elithi "flash drive" nkqu kuqala-ugrade kwincoko isoloko isetyenziswa. Le iteknoloji ngesantya engakholelekiyo yaphinda yathandwa. Ngaphezu koko, abahlalutyi abaninzi ukuqikelela ukuba kwixa flash memory elizayo iza kuthatha izixhobo zokugcina ngokusekelwe disks ngemagnethi. Yintoni uhlala kuphela ukujonga inkqubela kwinkqubo yophuhliso kunye noncedo lwezo zinto. Okumangalisayo kukuba, abaninzi, ethetha le mveliso entsha, phantse abazi ukuba enjalo flash memory. Kwelinye icala, umsebenzisi kufuneka kwisixhobo lasebenza, yaye wenza ngayo imisebenzi yayo - izinto ezincinane. Noko ke, ukuba ubuncinane ulwazi olusisiseko kuyimfuneko wonke umntu ofundileyo.
Yintoni flash memory?
Njengoko usazi, iikhompyutha kufuneka iintlobo ezininzi izixhobo zokugcina: memory iimodyuli, drives hard kunye ngemoto ezamehlo. Le yokugqibela ezimbini - nto nezisombululo electromechanical. Kodwa RAM - ngokupheleleyo isixhobo se-elektroniki. Luqokelelo transistors kwiqhezu ndawonye chip okhethekileyo. peculiarity lwayo usendleleni yokuba data egcinwa ngayo yonke imihla electrode isiseko iqhosha lokulawula ngalinye amandla. Okwangoku ke kamva sihlolisise. Flash inkumbulo akanalo yale yeempazamo. imali ingxaki yokugcina ngaphandle ombane lwangaphandle ingasombululwa usebenzisa zokudada transistors esangweni. Xa engekho nempembelelo ntlawulo lwangaphandle kwiphakati olunjalo zigcinwe ixesha ngokwaneleyo elide (leminyaka ubuncinane 10). Ukuchaza umgaqo yokusebenza, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukukhumbula kwiziseko electronic.
njani a transistor?
Ezi nkalo ziye kangangokuba ngokubanzi ukuba kunqabile, apho akukho zisetyenziswa. Nkqu banal yokukhanyisa amaxesha abekwe izitshixo eziqhutywa. njani transistor zakudala amalungiselelo njani? Oku kusekelwe izinto ezimbini semiconductor, enye esingaba conductivity ngekhompyutha (n), kunye nezinye una (p). Ukuze ufumane transistor elula, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukudibanisa izinto, ezifana npn kunye ngamnye electrode block iplagi. Xa electrode omnye kakhulu (emitter) ombane uyasetyenziswa. Baya ungalawuleka ngokutshintsha ubukhulu amandla kwiziphumo avareji (isiseko). Ukususwa kwenzeka kwi umqokeleli - qha wesithathu kakhulu. Kucacile ukuba yokuduka le ombane luya kubuyela kwimo cala. Kodwa isixhobo transistor nge phenyane nesango fleshek engundoqo ezahlukeneyo kancinane: ngaphambili izinto isiseko semiconductor ibekwe umaleko obhityileyo Heating kunye nesango lencopho - kunye zakha ngoko ebizwa ngokuba "pocket". Xa ufaka le ombane plus kwi siseko lo transistor ukuvuleka ngokuthi bapase yangoku elivumelana ukulandelelana zero. Kodwa ukuba kwesango ukuba omnye isigxina (electron), lentsimi yayo neutralizes ifuthe kwisiseko-yokwakha - isixhobo kuzisonga evaliweyo (unit ubhalo). Ngokulinganisa ombane phakathi emitter kunye umqokeleli sikwazi ukufumanisa ubukho (okanye ukungabikho) ngesityholo esangweni ezidadayo. Ukubeka isigxina esangweni ngokusebenzisa isiphumo kwetonela (womthiyeli - Nordheim). Ukususa imfuneko ukwenza intlawulo ophezulu (9) ukuya ombane sinothabatha kunye nesiseko omhle emitter. Le ntlawulo iya kumshiya esangweni. Ekubeni obu bugcisa ivela, kuye kucetywa ukudibanisa lwalo kunye transistor aqhelekileyo kunye nesango ezidadayo. Oku ukuba i "susa 'abize ombane aphantsi kwaye avelise isixhobo compact ngakumbi (akukho mfuneko ukuzihlalela). USB Flash memory usebenzisa lo mgaqo (NAND Structure).
Ngenxa yoko, ngokuhlanganisa ezi transistors kwiibhloko, kwaba lula ukwenza imemori apho idatha leyo isondlo igcinwe ngaphandle utshintsho eminyaka. Mhlawumbi ethile kuphela mihla flash drive - inani komda bhala mijikelo.