Nesibopho - kubalulekile. Kodwa into esiyaziyo umsebenzi yokuziphatha?

Mhlawumbi bonke, nkqu uqhelene ne-bulumko, wakha wazibuza lo mbuzo: "Yintoni na umsebenzi yokuziphatha ngentsulungeko? zitolike oko ingcamango luyathandabuzeka, nendlela zobulumko ezahlukeneyo ngayo - ukuba ndiziphatha kuluntu, ukuba unalo ilungelo lokuba ukubiza umntu "Emva kokufunda eli nqaku uza kufunda kutheni efanelekile njani. definition obububo ayisekho kangako kude.

umsebenzi Yokuziphatha womntu - ingcamango rebuttable

Enye yezona iinkalo zinzima yokucinga zokuziphatha - kukukwazi ukuhlalutya ngeliso iinkolelo zabo kwaye uphephe amathuba iimpazamo. Xa kwi Ngokholo sengqiqweni izizathu zokuba kungani na isenzo, thina ningathandabuzi izinto ezininzi. Nangona ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka nje ubuncinane kwamathandabuzo okanye bachase kubo.

izimvo zethu zokuziphatha ubukhulu becala kuxhomekeke kweempembelelo ngabazali, abahlobo, amaqabane, okanye inkcubeko. Ngoko ke, ukuthembela ukuchaneka ngakumbi nangakumbi. Ukuziphatha yezenzo zethu zigqitywa intlanganisela iimpembelelo ezininzi. Siziva benyanzelekile ukulandela iinkolelo lusekiwe kwaye kunqabile ukuba sizibuze: "? Baya zisekelwe inyaniso okanye nje umkhwa"

Uthini umthetho athini?

UMthetho - uhlobo ikhampasi yenkcubeko. Khumbula ukuba Code of kaHammurabi. Xa plate ukuphakama phezu ezimbini kweemitha abhaliweyo imithetho ethile. On top of kweli litye lesikhumbuzo baboniswa uKumkani uHammurabi, ngentlonelo wema phambi nguShamash phantsi, isithixokazi okusesikweni. NguShamash ndamgqibela imithetho ezulwini ummeli wakhe emhlabeni. Kakade ke, le mimiselo yokuziphatha bangabi ziphuma kwi ndawo. Baba ngumphumo kwiinkulungwane ezininzi impucuko kunye nophuhliso lwentlalo yokucinga yokuziphatha. Ngokufanayo, imithetho Russian Federation ibonisa iminyaka emininzi nasekuphuhlisweni kwelizwe lethu yaye ukuphucula rhoqo.

USocrates sebenzi yokuziphatha

Ngokutsho uSocrates, umsebenzi yokuziphatha - kukukwazi abe ngummi. Kodwa eli binzana kufuneka iqondwe ithathwe nzulu kunye. Ngokutsho uSocrates ingqikelelo "ubumi ezilungileyo" kufuna ingqalelo ngakumbi bulumko, kwaye umntu kufuneka afikelele ulonwabo yakhe isidima. E Athens, sobulumko yamandulo ethandwa kakhulu.

imibono zikaPlato

Ngokutsho uPlato (427-347 BC), uMtyholi esizibonakalisa bengazi ukuba ubuhle uqeqesho. Lo mbono iphambili yale bulumko kukuba ezilungileyo liphakamileyo ukwandisa uqi kelelo kwi Absolute, nto leyo, ayisayi kuphumelela ebomini bethu. Ubuhle - ubuchule bomntu ukulawula ukuziphatha kwakhe ukuze livumelane ingqiqo. Le nokwenziwa komsebenzi yokuziphatha. Ukwenza ngokwale mimiselo, umntu sivale kwi Absolute (uThixo, okanye, ngolwimi wezakwalizwi).

ingcamango Aristotle. zokuziphatha

umsebenzi yokuziphatha kunye nokuzimisela kwakhe ukukhathazeka kunye neengcamango Aristotle. Sobulumko malinikelwe kulo mbandela abaninzi imisebenzi yabo.

Aristotle (384-322 BC), ngakumbi kuphazamiseka zaseNtshona. Ngengqiqo enkulu, uphawu kuye, wavumela ezininzi iingxaki yokuziphatha emsebenzini wabo kunye nezincoko ezopolitiko. Ngokungafaniyo uPlato, owaqalisa Iziluleko zakhe izimvo, uAristotle wanyula uhlalutyo abanamava kunye nokuchongwa ngoonobangela.

Wathi ukuba lonke uluntu uzama ulonwabo njengoko into lokugqibela umsebenzi wayo, nezinye zonke ezintle kuphela yokuphumeza kuyo. Sobulumko emigudwini concept eudemonism. Ngokutsho le mfundiso, musani ukuzama ukwanelisa yonke iminqweno yakhe; nokuba bathe awuyolise. Kuphela umnqweno ukuzisa kakuhle-ntle, ukuba zingathathwa ngokuba iimpawu, ngoko ke imbopheleleko yokuziphatha - nto kukukhetha neminqweno efanelekileyo. izimvo Aristotle ngalo ingqikelelo yokuziphatha wenza igalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso yokuziphatha.

Ukuhamba kwiinkcubeko ezahlukeneyo kwaye ixesha nexesha, sihlangane uhlobo olungenasiphelo lweengcinga ezahlukahlukeneyo yaye zidla ngokuphikisana yokuziphatha.

Philosophy kant xa

Enye inkcazelo umdla kakhulu, kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku inokufumaneka deontology ngumlandeli Kant kaThixo. Kant ichaza Ngegunya njengoko amandla omntu, ejolise ukuzaliseka umsebenzi. Ngokutsho uRhazes, uhlobo yokuziphatha lokwenyaniso ilele xa esenza umsebenzi wakhe, nokuba ukuba ngaba kusonwabisa umntu, kungekhona ngenxa yokoyika isohlwayo ngenxa yabo non-komsebenzi. Umntu yokuziphatha eliphezulu ogcwalisa nesibopho sokuba ayicingi ngemiphumo kunye nezibonelelo. Ngokutsho Kant lowo wenza ukuze kuphunyezwe ezinye iimpahla zabo, asikwazi kuthathwa kakhulu zokomoya, kwakunye umntu owenza izenzo elungileyo ukuphuma mkhwa, ngaphandle yokucinga. Kuphela umntu ohlala ngokungqinelana nemigaqo yokuziphatha, kuba ngokwenene ndiyakholelwa ukuba umsebenzi wabo, ukuze kuthiwe umntu yokuziphatha. bulumko Kant - kaloku inkqubo imilinganiselo yokuziphatha ezazakhiwe kwi epheleleyo. Sazi ingqalelo ezinye izenzo engamkelekanga, nokuba le meko.

Njengoko ubona, iimbono kunye notoliko, zininzi. Kuba abathile, imbopheleleko yokuziphatha - kukulandela ngezithethe namasiko eluntwini yabo yokuzalwa. Kunye nezinye ezininzi iinkqubo ixabiso musa sivumelana ngokupheleleyo. Ukuze sifumane impendulo yalo mbuzo: "Kuthetha ntoni kum umsebenzi yokuziphatha, 'simele silibale ngayo ilifa lokomoya lookhokho, kunye nemfuneko bacinge nzulu. Ingcamango apho siye sema ngokweenkcukacha kweli nqaku, kuba ezininzi kwaye zidla ngokuphikisana, ngathi wonke.