Nature North America. Ingakumbi uhlobo North America

North America, apho ukuma kuye Iyakwazi kuphela ngenkulungwane ye-17, yaye ngoko ke ngokupheleleyo, i zwekazi elikhulu. Wayivula ke baseYurophu ngenkulungwane ye-10. Ubude Intshona Melika bukhulu kangangokuba indalo yahlukile, hayi nje kuphela kweli elasezantsi entla, kodwa intshona kunye nempuma yeli lizwekazi.

survey jikelele

Imephu of North America (wokwenene) ibonisa ukuba intlomo emantla apha, njengoko kwilizwekazi eYurophu, ibekwe intlango arctic - ummandla lomkhenkce nekhephu. Kweli lizwe, akukho nto luyakhula ngaphandle ubulembu kunye ulele. Ukusuka Alaska, Labrador emantla kunye Hudson Bay iqala ummandla emathafeni. Kungenzeka sele ukuhlangabezana nenomlanga imithi, amatyholo kunye nengca ephantsi. Emathafeni eliya ehlathini coniferous. Ngokubanzi, amahlathi North American kugubungela kwisithathu kwilizwekazi. Hlathi ezimhlophe spruces ezimnyama, ukudl uluhlaza indawo amahlathi balsamic ephikisanayo kunye zamaxesha athile ngonyaka, apho kukho Linden, maples, mioki, chestnuts. Ke ehlathini mlomo ngaphandle, kwaye wenza ukuya kwelisezantsi ehlathini, yaye emva - kule emathafeni. Ezi imimandla Intshona Melika zibizwa ngokuba amathafa anengca. Kwi nemisinga kukho entlango ngokwenene, kodwa phula Wayixakaxa ezintabeni zabo.

features zezulu

Uhlobo nakuMntla Melika bahlukahlukene zwekazi kuzo yonke imimandla zemozulu, ngaphandle sentshinyela. Ebusika imozulu lichatshazelwe kakhulu imisebe yelanga, kwaye ehlotyeni - kwimpembelelo kolwandle. Kumantla yezwe ngoJanuwari kuneqabaka ukufikelela -20 ... -25 degrees, ngoxa umbindi eGreenland ungaba kuze degrees -55. E Alaska, yaye uninzi Hudson Bay awubandi ebusika ukuya -15 ... -20, yaye umoya kwi ihlobo wotha ku +5 ... + 10. Kwiindawo sezulu sifudumele (emantla emlonyeni Columbia) lobushushu ebusika -10 ... -5 izidanga kwaye hayi ngaphezulu kwe +20 ehlotyeni. Lo mmandla ukusuka eFlorida ukuya California, woba ebhantini sikwisubtropic. In Mississippi Valley avareji ehlotyeni ukufudumala ukuya +25 ... + 30, kwaye kuneqabaka ebusika besukelana degrees 15.

Arctic

Bonisa imephu Intshona Melika (wokwenene), lelona inxalenye yomntla kwelizwekazi ayikho obungabangeli mdla. Kuxhomekeka kwendawo kunye nohlobo utshintsho. Nantoni na, ukuba akagqubuthele ngumkhenkce, okroqiweyo ngamanzi. Umbala emathafeni maxa wambi nkqu ngaphezu ehlathini yasekwindla Russian eliqaqambileyo. Ice kolwandle ukunika uluhlu elimangalisayo imibala kunye inguqulelo ezolileyo evela abamhlophe ukuya abamnyama. Ice udla imibala zemibala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ulikhaya amabhere kunye walruses, iintaka kunye hayi kangako, nangona ubuninzi izinambuzane ezisetyenziselwa ukutya angayiwayo.

Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha US Arctic sushi eGreenland, nto leyo 85% ice egqubuthele sheet. Noko ke, unxweme yawo cool ukuze kubonakala kwabaninzi. Ehlotyeni, abantu apha noba ezidada echibini. flora Greenland likaThixo zahlukahlukene kakhulu kwaye iintlobo amakhulu eziliqela ezahlukileyo zezityalo, phakathi apho kukho nkqu ezinde. Kodwa ke, ubukhulu becala imihlaba ligqunywe utyani uphawu le emathafeni. Apha ifumaneka umhlaba incinane umthi - Njengomngcunube, nenomlanga, ufikelela umphakamo ongekho ngaphezu kwe-5 cm. Kunxweme olusentshona eGreenland abe indalo kakhulu ngakumbi. Kukho ice kunye nemida ezinamatye lungqamane yi amawa matheku.

ehlathini boreal

Nature of North America kukuba sisityebi emahlathini. Ukuya emazantsi kumathafa ikhule osinovidnye nemipopulari nemisipres, kumzantsi-ntshona - nespruce kunye nompleyini amahlathi, leyo ukunika indlela eya ezantsi kummandla inguqu kunye izityalo coniferous kunye avuthulukayo. edge Canadian emantla kuchaphazela ubuhle cwaka nangaliphi na ixesha lonyaka, kodwa ehlotyeni, xa ihlathi nespruce kukhanya imibala eqaqambileyo, Intle kakhulu. Yukon and British Columbia zigqunyiwe yi ulwandlekazi yemithi. Izityalo kunye nezilwanyana North America kule ndawo luzisa uluhlu iintlobo. Kuzo zonke izilwanyana apha kukho deer amhlophe-ezinomsila, inyathi zasendle, coyotes, beaver, amaxhama, lynx engwevu ebomvu, icaribou nemihlaba yeenkuni, imivundla kunye imivundla, wolverines.

Kwi inguqu Conifers zone kuqala alternate ne ezivuthulukayo: oki, elderberry, alder, maple. ihlathi Ukuxuba ukususela British Columbia ukuya kummandla Great Lakes nangaphaya - to New England. Mountains of Southern California yaye singqongwe Amadlelo zigqunywe ngamahlathi eluhlaza. Ummandla wonxweme oluninzi lwezityalo ezingaqhelekanga - a nemithi yesundu nemithi zomgamtriya yayithengwe Australia. EKentucky, Alabama neTennessee Ukukhulisa njengehlathi lokwenene ebanzi-zodonga. Ngokusebenzisa ezi States, yaye Georgia, uya ukuya ngasempuma, ukuya ngasezantsi Virginia. Kukho oki, uHazel, Elm, ezinde, hornbeam, Magnolia, alder, willow, maple nemipopulari, nezompleyini, uthuthu, yomnga.

amahlathi bahlukane wethafa neParklands enkangala. Bona qhaqha East Texas, uhlanganise Great Amathafa bayigubungele ezinkqantsoni Illinois, uze uzakufun aukugqithisa i Rocky Mountains, kwaye kwakhona ukuvela kumazantsi British Columbia. Olu hlobo ngengingqi esibonakala ingca, nembonakalo phakathi kwabo imithi abangatshatanga: yejunipha, pine, um-oki, maple, nespruce.

enkangala

Ngoko wabiza isithuba olukhulu, elifumileyo umbindi lonke belizwekazi. Nature of North America itshintshe kakhulu ngenxa yokuchatshazelwa ngabantu, kwaye enkangala kwimo yalo yantlandlolo ngoku ifumaneka kuphela kwiindawo ezincinane. Ezinye ilizwe kulinywa, ngokuba ubunamanzi ngokuzenzela awela ngemigca ngamandla kunye nothungelwano lwendlela. Ecaleni imilambo izikhukhula wolula ifama. izityalo ezininzi kunye nezilwanyana nakuMntla Melika, ngaphambili nazo apha, ngoku azisekho okanye wancipha.

Xa enkangala ebusika kubanda ngokwaneleyo: ikhephu uyawa, umoya olulwayo lwadamba. Ngenxa ukufika kwentwasahlobo inokuba izikhukhula. Nantsi elona xesha lililo - ngenyanga yokuqala kwehlobo, xa yonke into elimnandi kunye esezansi. Ngo-Agasti kufike imbalela, imililo akholisa ukubakho. Sekunjalo, iimbombo enkangala, ugcinwe unjalo, baseMelika akholelwa ngohlangothi ubuhle. Abakhenkethi uthando kule ndawo kangangoko ilizwe elingaselwandle kunye neepaki ehlathini.

ezintabeni

Ukusuka Alaska eMexico, oko wolula nomxokelelwane i Cordillera, naphakathi kwabo nakummango alale amathafa agudle. Iintaba ezinamatye wambu izityalo emangalisayo sibajonge namachibi amaninzi ebalulekileyo oluhlaza. Ikhephu kumathambeka ezisemantla nasezihlanjeni zibusitya akakwazi kunyibilika ihlobo lonke. Mountains of Arizona, Utah kunye Colorado engqongwe Amathafa eliphezulu. Le ndawo wonke kwemozulu wayo, ubume balo kunye nesakhiwo zejoloji, izilwanyana emangalisayo kunye nohlaza. A lot emanxebani iyaxela wejoloji ngenye yezi imimangaliso North America - Grand Canyon, ubunzulu esikwaziyo kweemitha 1800, ubude - 340 leekhilomitha. Abantu abavela kulo lonke ihlabathi eze apha ukuze babone ngamehlo abo emehlweni ingunaphakade nobukhulu endalo.

coast sandy

Kumntla-mpuma yezwe, kwisiqithi Nantucket eFlorida nasemhlabeni Gulf of Mexico unxweme yolula ngezininzi zentlabathi. Kwezinye iindawo kwiindunduma imithi pine, groundsel, wavuka zasendle. Apha ifumaneka ezininzi iintaka: mockingbirds, blackbirds, ookhwalimanzi blue, kwagcwala, Marsh lycidae trupialy, oatmeal, cormorants, ama, amadada. Iintaka adla ubomi elwandle: intlanzi, oononkala, oononkala intsimbi yehashe, njalo-njalo.

Ekuphetheni

Nature of North America ixesha elide akufani njengokuba kwakunjalo ngaphambili. Emva elima i amathafa anengca, amahlathi wazigawula, ukwakha isixeko, abantu baye uyaphule intsalela wendalo. Umntu wabulala umkhweli negobo, bayonakalisa ugxuba-Buffalo, kunye nezilwanyana aseleyo, kufuneka nokuchuma nokuhlala kwiimeko ezintsha. Uyakwazi ukubona indlela opossums ezitratweni isixeko emgaqweni iinkonkxa udoti befuna ukutya, raccoon kufuphi zokutyela licela bechola, yaye kunye koohola Uyibuthisa deer zasendle, engazi ukuba iimoto careening. E-New York, i amade izikhova yokwakha kunye ookhetshe, kwaye iipaka kunye neegadi baye ingcambu iintlobo zeentaka. Nantsi ke, imbonakalo izilwanyana anthropogenic!