Mi-24 - Army ukuhlasela-ntaka. Mi-24 (ntaka): Ukucacisa

Amabutho okuphumisayo kunye nezinye kwiiyunithi zemfundo eneemfuno ezizodwa xa kuthe emfazwe kufuneka enze yokulwa imishini emva imigca yotshaba. Bona baqeqeshwe kakuhle, exhobele kakuhle, kodwa zisenako agwetywe afe okanye basemfudusweni, ukuba ngaba inkxaso ngexesha ziya kunikwa. Marine wonqanyulwa, ungabikho konikezelo kwaye uxhomekeke kuphela ngamandla abo. Le mfazwe yokuqala apho kakhulu kusetyenziswa ntaka ukuba ahlangule kwawo, impahla, wabulala nokufuduswa ababuleweyo, kwakunye lokuqhankqalaza ekujoliswe emhlabeni, waba Vietnamese. ESoviet Union phakathi iingcali zomkhosi abaphezulu ngexesha 60s baqhubeka mpikiswano malunga ubulumko zokuboleka amava American. Ekugqibeleni oyisiwe abaxhasi "rotary-iphiko amahashe", kodwa bamathidala. Ukubonakaliswa ingcamango eSoviet yaba Mi-24 - indiza eyenzelwe ukuba enze imisebenzi yokulwa ezimbini - indiza nohlaselo.

Umahluko phakathi kwala magama le ntaka kwezomkhosi USSR ne USA

amava American ngokusekelwe zobungcali lwetheknoloji rotorcraft. Ezininzi ezisetyenziswayo "ihashe" US Air-Calvary yaba odumileyo "Huey» UH-1 (eyaziwa ngokuba yi "amaNdiya" - umatshini encinane, compact ukanti banzi). Enye inzuzo "engibaziyo eziphaphazelayo 'ukuba ukuthembeka kwakhe ubukhalipha survivability (kulo yena efana kakhulu kwi" Willis "). Yiyo le ntaka abane- umkhosi, wawanika iimbumbulu kwaye yonke into oyifunayo, maxa wambi ngqo ngethuba edabini naphantsi ngomlilo. Kwi i "Huey" Ndakhupha ngababuleweyo. Wayeza ngokwakhe aqhubeke isiciko emacaleni cassette efakiweyo kunye imijukujelwa, kwaye ngokudubula gunner emnyango leyo. Noko ke, impembelelo epheleleyo le ntaka ayikwazi igama, kungenzeka ukuba ulinganiselwe. Ngoko ke, xa iperi ngayo ngokuqhelekileyo esebenza "Cobra» AH-1. Le machine phantse twatse ne "Huey" zezityalo ngamandla, kodwa abanye zahlukile kakhulu. Housing okuzingela-emxinwa, vehicles, iimbumbulu iglasi lantern kwi isaphetha nompu ngokukhawuleza-zokudubula, kwaye emacaleni kwamaphiko, iipayiloni - okugunyaziswe amagalelo. Elikwi aba matshini mabini kwafuneka ukudibanisa ntaka Mi-24, abathwali abasebenzi vehicles, njengoko kumiselwe ekuqeshweni-moya umyili abadumileyo uMikhail Mil.

iingxabano zesebe

ML Mil waba amava elininzi ekwakheni ubuchwepheshe rotorcraft. baqalisa umatshini ekujongwe ukwenza umsebenzi ngoxolo, kodwa CB zokhuselo hayi ilityalwe. ntaka yokuqala ehlabathini, baxhotyiswa iingalo ezincinane eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi, yaba Mi-4, sidalwe 1949. Nayo yonke imisebenzi yayo ebalaseleyo flight neempawu lo matshini kwisiqingatha sesibini gqira sele kufuneka itshintshwe. Kodwa Michael L. waya, wavakalisa umnqweno wakhe wokwakhela imoto ibonwe yaye wathetha kunye neSebe lezoKhuselo ye-USSR ingxelo echaza icebo yayo zobugcisa (1967). Kuye kwathathwa ambiguously. Jikelele Epishev ebizwa bububhanxa isicwangciso wada wacela ukuba ndityale wengcibi yokuluka oyintloko le ntaka uze uyithumele ethile imfazwe. Kodwa uzigcina Jikelele, wakhokela liqu-30 kunye nokuqonda imiba zobugcisa ezithile abaziintloko sebe ngakumbi kwezopolitiko, baba nomdla kule ngcamango. Ekugqibeleni, abaxhasi ingcamango entsha koyisa, kunye Mil ekuqaleni ukulungiselela uhlelo kwinqanaba le-technical ngoyilo. Ngoko ke ngo-1968, yena yantshula i Mi-24, Army kuhlaselwa ntaka kunye ukukwazi ukufezekisa paratroopers lisebe, yaye iye yaba "dada ingoma" Michael Mil. De kugqitywe mqambi yayo evelele akazange aphile.

izinto ezintsha zobugcisa

Compositional scheme classical yakhethwa kunye plane ukuba iincakuba ezintlanu (njengoko kwi Ni-8, kodwa elifutshane kancinane) elijikelezayo yakudubula emithathu yaye lokuqondisa ethwele phezu ekupheleni olusele ngumsila wena. Kwisisu semoto iye Kugqitywe ukwenza Cyber ngcono yokubhabha. Ezintsha wabonakalaliswa tilting le ezimanyeneyo plane kuphela phambili (4,5 °), kodwa kwakhona yokuxazulula (rightward) izidanga ezimbini ezinesiqingatha, ngokuba torque imbuyekezo buso ngexesha ibhabha ngqo. Ngokuba lixesha siqala isikhundla iingalo yomsebenzisi. Siphethe iphiko, ukunciphisa amafutha ngenxa umkhosi okukunyusa iye isetyenziswe kuyilo Ni-6. Wawusifumene nini kwaye Mi-24 ntaka iye esitalini, emva kokuba wanikela V-ezimile negative. Isityalo mandla ukudluliselwa ngokubanzi abolekwe kwi Mi-8 kunye utshintsho ngenxa silwe ukuqeshwa umatshini omtsha.

design

iinjini turbine ezimbini, TV3-117 (kwiinguqulelo mihla) ka-2200 "amahashe" nganye. utolo elinyuliweyo kunye nabaqhubi zilungiswe tandemly-kwimiqolo, ezinye umgca ukubana yolingano ukuya ukubuyekeza. Driving yokuhlala crew ukuqhubekekiswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, uguqulelo ngokupheleleyo njineli abazange asiyi kuba kwaoko. iglasi iimbumbulu kunye kumgangatho othe tyaba phambi ziye zabangela lombutho zomkhosi iglasi, ngenxa apho kwakukho elinye lamagama sesikweni ye Mi-24. Le ntaka iye eziliqela yokudlala isiqhulo "ingwenya" (kanye ngal side of eziqwengayo), "Galina" yaye "amaxhama" (Hind - ngoko ngokucacileyo okukhawulezayo, wabizwa NATO iingcaphephe zomkhosi).

Ngexesha umqhubi inokuba oomatshini, walungiselela isihlalo xhuma, kodwa iimeko yokulwa esenzekayo flight yayo ayisoloko ukuthatha kuye.

gumbi belandela, kuthiwa imithwalo, oko wabeka amadoda asibhozo ngesantya ngokupheleleyo. Inxalenye umsila izaliswe izixhobo kunye yayigcinwa eentsika eziphambili urhulumente kubuyiswe.

Ukugqityezelwa kwe-ntaka

Ebutsheni bowe-1970, wafa ML Mil. New mqambi oyintloko M. N. Tischenko yayiqale ukuba bazalise ishishini naye esiphezulu. iingxaki Kwanele. lantern emenyezelayo apho loo moya iinguqulelo yokuqala ngokuba "evarandeni" okanye "iglasi", akuzange kube yimpumelelo kakhulu, kwakunye indawo akuyo aba belungu bayehluthe kubo. Le meko yenza kube nzima kakhulu kunye nozinzo lateral. Ngexesha mveliso lendibano ivenkile ngezikrweqe ntaka Mi-24 yokuqala awukafumani. Eli nqanaba Ugqibo i "Storm 'ezimbaxa kunye umatshini gun ekhawulezileyo-mlilo. Kuye kwagqitywa ukumisela de 2 ATGM "yokuhlasela-M." Machine gun K-4B lwalusetyenziswa okwethutyana, wayesele kwinkonzo kunye Mi-4 kunye Mi-8. Kwafuneka kukuxhobisa iibhloko NUPS umatshini ndimkhulule nezixhobo. Ifom lokugqibela, yaziwa namhlanje ehlabathini jikelele, uhlaselo ntaka Mi-24 ezifumaneka 1973. Ebudeni kulungelelana, yena indawo ekwandiseni ezininzi. Lonke eli xesha ngokuba "imveliso" (ngenxa yezizathu of emfihlekweni) kunye amanani (245, 244, 246).

ukusebenza flight

Ngu parameters zayo umatshini ukuba ngaba uthathe ingqalelo ubuchule layo ukuthwala amajoni, kufutshane lemfazwe moya-lihamba.

ingami Isantya (270 km / h) kunye iphezulu (335 km / h), nkqu thile ngaphantsi kunolo odumileyo 'itanki flying "-IL-2. Practical flight uluhlu km 450. The basic ukusebenza Isilingi - 1400 m, kodwa xa kuyimfuneko (ingakumbi iintaba) Umatshini uyakwazi ukukhwela phantse-5 km. Xa usiwe enye zomkhosi Mi-24 udla iilitha 780 of separafini, Kakade ke, ngaphezu umzalwana "iliso" Mi-8.

esikalini ongakhetha

Ukukhanya ngeke ngokuba umatshini. Xa mass nempembelelo iimpawu ezininzi, ugcino kwanokuphindaphindwa kokwenziwa kwemisebenzi ukwenzela ukuphucula ukuthembeka xa kukho umonakalo amacandelo kunye nakwiindibano. Le meko wanika isiseko kwixesha elizayo, ezinye iingcali zomkhosi wagxeka i Mi-24. iimpawu zobugcisa kuyo jikelele kumatshini khange eyona ukuba yothuse le yunithi. Kulo mzekelo, ithuba kokwehla, kakhulu, wayethozamile - ezingama amajoni ezisibhozo (ukulinganisa, "amaNdiya" liba kwibhodi abantu abali-14, yaye Vietnam kwafuneka nangaphezulu kumazwe owenzakeleyo). Nangona kunjalo, ithuba umatshini-mbini ukusetyenziswa ukuba linenzuzo. ntaka engenanto angu 7,58. Kuba ubunzima isuka iphezulu kuyimfuneko ukongeza iitoni ezintathu (umthamo zonke amatanki) kwaye kuliwe (hayi ezincinane kakhulu) payload iitoni 2.4. Umntu akufuneki silibale ukuba abasebenzi ekumiseni ngeke engaphathekiyo. Iyonke isivuno malunga 11.5 neetoni.

amava First - Ethiopia

kwingxabano ezininzi asekuhlaleni axhobileyo senzeka kule minyaka. Ngo omnye kubo, imfazwe mTiyopiya-eSomalia, 1978, okokuqala "ukukhanya phezulu" i Mi-24. idatha Technical iyavumelana kakhulu kunye uhlobo zokulwa, iye ngempumelelo "wasebenza" phezu kwemiqadi eyayixhaswa ziintsika kwezithuthi vehicles kunye nezikhundla-mkhosi abangamaSomali, ngoncedo umkhosi Ethiopian walungiselela amavolontiya yabaqhubi Cuban, baqeqeshwa eSoviet Union. Eyona isixhobo iphambili kule mfazwe yaba engakhokelwa imijukujelwa S-5. Iintshaba ayiphumelelanga knock out a ntaka enye, walahlekelwa iiyunithi ezininzi ngexesha ukuhlaselwa emhlabeni kwi Asmara moya, apho esekelwe yamagcisa moya. Kodwa main amava ukulwa waba phambi ...

Ukwenza umsebenzi ngamazwe

Ukususela ekupheleni kuka-1979 yokulwa ntaka Mi-24 yaba umhlali osisigxina isibhakabhaka eshushu Afghanistan. iimeko zokusebenza balapha nje enzima, ukuba kuthiwe esihogweni. Uluthuli, isanti kunye nokungcola yonakele iincakuba-injini, ulondolozo lukholisa kuqhutywa akaba nakugcinwa kwimimiselo yobuchwepheshe. Ke zonke iingxaki "umhlaba" mzamo xa kuthelekiswa ne angabanjwa apho oomatshini phantsi yi iiyunithi Mujahideen imihla ngeyure. Ngokutsho nxaxheba abaninzi ngamajoni, ukuba imizimba uphawu yemfazwe Afghanistan baba nje Mi-24. Le ntaka layigubungela ukugaleleka amaqela wokulwa, ekuveliseni i iiyunithi babelalele ngobungxamo Nursi wadubula ebezihamba iintlawulo isithuba ezinqatyisiweyo iindawo. Kunzima ukuba zazi indima yakhe emfazweni, kwakunye ukubala inani lamajoni Bakubeka ubomi.

"Crocodile" amazwe

Emva kokuba sokonakalisa yamagunya Soviet ntaka zomkhosi Mi-24, ukwakhiwa amanani irekhodi (3.5 ths. PC.), Xa ukulahlwa phantse onke amazwe elalisandul 'ukusekwa. Ukongeza, nguye imikhosi kumazwe angapha kwesibini, kuquka nezingaqhelekanga - Senegal, Sierra Leone ne eMyanmar. Around naye akazange abe ukuma bengasebenzi. Uyilawule kalula (nto leyo eqhelekileyo ukuba imveliso moya eSoviet), ukuba nabalulamileyo ukusebenza, kunye ukulwa nokusebenza inqwelo-moya encinane efanayo igqithe ntaka Mi-24. iimpawu zayo ngokupheleleyo kuba isenzo kwiimfazwe zasekuhlaleni. Ngowe-1982, umqhubi Iraqi baze bakwazi irula imvula ukubetha moya supersonic F-4 "phantom" ye Iran Air Force.

Sebenzisa le ntaka plane kwaye yenza wobuntu nokulamla UN lamaphulo, kukowuphi umzekelo apho zaveza emhlophe. Impi "Shrek" waba iimfazwe ezimbini ezinesiqingatha elinesibini. Ezinye ukuba baqhubeke unanamhla.

zokudlala

Ngoko ke imoto ethandwayo, edume silhouette kwayo ye lonke waba ebekelwe indima "nkwenkwezi." Ngowe ezimbini imidlalo zokuhlola ividiyo njenge omnye wabalinganiswa inxaxheba Mi-24. Army ukuhlasela ntaka waba ligorha bhanya zombini zobugcisa obubhaliweyo. kwemifanekiso zakhe yesikhumbuzo ziveliswa mveliso amaninzi ngokukodwa xa kusenziwa imifuziselo seemodyuli kunye lwawo. Namhlanje Akumangalisi ke ngoko, ukuba counter zingafundiswa kumthengi RC ntaka Mi-24, nto leyo iphaphazela elawulwa kude. Kaloku, abantu bayathanda ukudlala voynushki ...