Kwaye uyazi ubunzima indlela noboya bayo?

Ngokwahlukileyo inkolelo ethandwayo, kokwabo usapho yenciniba enye kuphela iintlobo zeentaka ukundiza - zenciniba Afrika. Ngokutsho yokuhlela umyezo, emu, uRhea, cassowary kunye neenciniba bengengabo, nangona, yaye ufana kubo. Zama ukuqonda ukuba yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezi mbelukazi angaqhelekanga zezilo, kwakunye ukufumanisa ukuba umzimba kakhulu a inciniba wokwenene kunye noogxa bakhe abasenyongweni.

Giant kunye babeziindleko Hot Afrika

Iinciniba abahlala kwilizwekazi le-Afrika, yahlulwe ohlobo eziliqela. Ngaba azakubalulwa umbala kwamalungu kunye umsila. Kwinxalenye esempuma belizwekazi elilawulwa yi intaka abamnyama kunye nemilenze bubomvu umqala. Xa iintaka, wasiwa ukukuthanda ukuya kwiindawo kumzantsi-ntshona kunye emantla eAfrika, imilenze oluhlaza umbala nombala-mdaka ngayo iintsiba.

A isici esasenza zenciniba okwenyaniso entanyeni kanye, yaye enamandla imilenze didactylism, amandla centrifugal leyo kakhulu kangangokuba ngamaxesha ingozi intaka nako ukubona mbulali njengengonyama. Oku akumangalisi, ucinga indlela ubunzima leenciniba - ento eyindoda enkulu ukufikelela ezinobunzima kg 160 okanye ngaphezulu kunye nokwanda malunga ezintathu eemitha. Ubukhulu abantu zincinane kancinane, kodwa enomtsalane sekunjalo: ubude 180-230 cm ubude, kunye nobunzima - ukusuka kg 120 ukuya 150.

Kwinto yokuba iinciniba zasendle zigcinwa imihlambi ukubala ukusuka kwishumi kwiintloko mahlanu. ezi ntaka, nangona ayikwazi ukubhabha, kodwa isantya okwenza akukho nabani na ukukhuphisana. On flat namageduka ngaphandle imiqobo kweenciniba iyakwazi ukuphuhlisa ngesantya-90 km / h kwi-avareji - 50 km / h Ubude inyathelo yeemitha ezintathu ukuya kwisine.

Iimpawu lokuba zikhe zenciniba Afrika

Iimazi babe umbala athobekile kwaye ubungakanani omncinane (kg 100 ukuya kwi-120), okukhona ingqamana nonyaka kangakanani ubunzima lwenciniba. Xa ixesha lokukhwela yeenkomo ziba "iimazi 'elincinane iimazi 3-5 ukhokelwe eyindoda.

clutch ngokubanzi 15-20 (ngamaxesha ambalwa 30) amaqanda ngexesha lasemini ekhethiweyo isibini zeentaka lilinde enye kwenye. hatching ubusuku lijongene kuphela kwentloko "yabafazi". Amantshontsho abophe emva kweentsuku 35-45, Ukubetha ukuba iqokobhe engqindilili intloko yakhe. Ngenxa yoko, baye kuloo Ukwaphuka umva, absorbable njengoko bekhula abantwana abadala. Ubunzima strausenka elisandula ukuqanduselwa yi 0.9-1.2 kg, nobude - 25 cm kwiveki yokuqala yobomi amantshontsho musa ukutya okanye usele, ze aqale ukukhula yonke imihla kwezi cm 1-2 uze ngokukhawuleza nxiba ubunzima. .

Ukuqwalasela indlela ubunzima iinciniba abadala, oko kuthathwa ukuba ukusukela ekuzalweni intshontsho inzuzo ngenyanga buziikhilogram 10-12, ukususela bebudala bungaphantsi konyaka 1 ubunzima bomzimba wayo idlula quintal. Kodwa lokukhula ngesondo ezi ntaka iza kuphela ababini, yaye ngamanye amaxesha eneminyaka emine. Yintoni umdla kukuba, iminyaka yobomi ezi zigantsontso uyakwazi ukufikelela iminyaka 70-75, isiqingatha apho bangaphulukani ukukwazi kwabo nokuzala.

uRhea South American

Ukundiza intaka eziyinzalelwane Umzantsi Melika oluyeleleneyo kakhulu kwizalamane Afrika. Nangona kunjalo, olu hlobo ibhekisela nanduobraznyh odolo, intamo bayo kunye nento ephakathi, nangeenyawo nganye iinzwane ezintathu. ukukhula uRhea kuthelekiswa inciniba incinane - leemitha kuphela malunga enye enesiqingatha. Uyarhwexa ngeentlobo yezwi imbaleki ifuze hi ngwe, ngoko igquma ingonyama bayingozi, esibizwa weva isandi "nan-do", kutheni le ntaka got igama layo.

Izazi ayikwazanga yokwazi ukuba ingakanani ubunzima uRhea lwenciniba. Ngokutsho kweminye imithombo, ubunzima obuyi-40 kg umzimba wakhe, kwelinye - akukho 30. Move ngaphezu abemi savanna South American kunokuba ngokukhawuleza - ukuya ku-60 km / h. Bayazi ukuba ukuqubha kakuhle uze uvikele neentshaba ngeenyawo zakhe neenzipho itsolo emaphikweni alo. Ekukholelwa ukuba uRhea waphila emhlabeni ngo bexesha Paleocene, oko kukuthi iminyaka million 66 eyadlulayo kwaye ngokunjalo izinto uhlobo kakhulu kuzo zonke iintaka ezikhoyo.

EMU Australian

EMU handsome - oyinzalelwane kwelizwekazi Green. Le ntaka izihlobo yayo ekufuphi kuya yodwa: ayikwazi ukubhabha, kodwa kuyaphawuleka uyabaleka, nokukhawulezisa ku-50 km / h. Ngokungafaniyo zeenciniba Afrika, EMU abe imilenze ezingcakacileyo, kodwa ibingenamongo ngokwaneleyo. umlenze ngalinye yiminwe emithathu clawed kunye pads ethambileyo iinyawo.

Le ukungangqinelani kwi isakhiwo imilenze kwaba sesinye sezizathu eziphambili kukuba EMU kunye zeenciniba Afrika bangamalungu iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentaka. ukukhula Australian kancinci nje nganto inciniba lokwenyaniso. iisampulu abaqolileyo ukufikelela ubukhulu kweemitha 1.7-1.9.

Hayi imbi EMU, ixhomeke kwiimeko yobomi bakhe. Endle, apho iintaka banyanzeleka ukuba bahambe imigama emide xa ifuna ukutya ukuze basinde ezintshabeni, ubunzima lwabo olunqabileyo ngaphezu kwama 50-55 kg. Xa ezizalayo ezifama, ngenxa yokondla olunzulu kunye nokhathalelo, ezinye ngu 70-75 ngobukhulu kg.

Veliswa EMU kwindalo abathinjiweyo

Abantu amadoda namabhinqa phantse yinto enzima ngebala, ukuphakama, isakhiwo umzimba. Ukuzibona kuphela ngamazwi izandi ekuveliseni ixesha lokukhwela. Kanye iintaka ukubhabha Afrika, onke kukhathazeka malunga nenzala elizayo kuthatha phezu eyindoda, ngaphandle kokushiya indlwane iintsuku 55-60, esidla wemvula kuphela.

Ukwazi indlela ubunzima emu omdala, akukho nzima mabaqashele ukuba uyise nokuzincama iinyanga ezimbini mpilo kakhulu. Kodwa oku imthintele kamva nje ngononophelo ukunyamekela amantshontsho, awasuse ngumoya, zikhuselwe kwiintshaba.

Xa iimeko yokufakelwa ukuba kwixesha elinye amaqanda kwi isifo. Emva komhla we amaqanda ezimnyama-eluhlaza ukukhanya kunye kubonakala abaselula. Ubunzima intshontsho nganye ongowona 300-500 grams. umzimba nosana likaThixo onemigca Umbala mhle, kwaye phezu kwentloko yakhe ngokucacileyo kuwuma ezibonakalayo emnyama namhlophe.

Ngoobani aba cassowaries

Kude kube kamva nje, i-EMU kukhonjwe ratite. Xa yee- zenkulungwane lokugqibela, izazinzulu zifunda iimpawu noshowo zeenciniba Afrika kunye nezinye iintaka ezifana kuye, bafika kwisigqibo sokuba EMU - i uhlobo ngokuzimeleyo casuariiformes kwecala. Ilungu lesibini Usapho cassowary.

Xa intloko ezi ntaka ezinkulu abahlala e-New Guinea kunye imimandla yomntla-mpuma Australia, kukho uhlobo izalelwe, kuba into ebizwa ngokuba "shlemonosnymi". Ekukhuleni ezincinci kancinane EMU, kodwa ubagqwesa ubunzima bomzimba. Ubude cassowary kweemitha 1.5-1.8, kwaye inobunzima ukuya kilograms 80.

Ezi iintaka ebaleka, ukuqubha egqwesileyo kwaye ukwazi ukwenza iyaxhuma ukuya kwiimitha ezintandathu. Acute uzipho olude kwi ngomnwe phakathi kwemitha-sihlasela ngeentlobo ukuncamathisela kubethwa sibulawe iintshaba. Kukholelwa ukuba, xa nshita emu ngobubele, cassowaries enemo onochuku kwaye ukhetha ukuhlala kude kungekuphela kwezinye izilwanyana, kodwa izalamane igazi labo.