Isakhiwo emide ehlabathini. "Burj Khalifa": ukuphakama, inkcazo

Isakhiwo emide ehlabathini ukuphakama 828 m - oku amafu odumileyo, leyo kuthiwa ekuqaleni i "Burj Dubai" (Dubai Tower). Igama ngalo kumsitho wokuvula ngo-2010 Sheyh Muhammed Bin rashed Al Maktoum, wayingcwalisayo ubuyingxonde umongameli we-United Arab Republic, Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed. Kwaye ukusukela ngoko ibizwa ngokuba "Burj Khalifa".

Indlela kuyilo yokwakhiwa

Ekuqaleni, nasenqabeni sayilwa njenge "isixeko phakathi isixeko" - kufuneka ukuba ibekwe khona, ukongeza zokuhlala kunye ofisi ndawo, ingca eluhlaza, elungisiwe ebanzi kunye neepaki ezintle. Lo Endliwa umakhi isakhiwo E. Smith (USA), sele abanamava ukwakha izakhiwo efanayo eziphakamileyo.

Khalifa Tower - Business kunye neziko-ofisi, leyo likwaneklinkhi ihotele (izanda 37 zokuqala) izindlu zokuhlala (total 700), ii-ofisi namaziko ethandwa. Le imali bekulindeleke kwi uluhlu $ 1.5 yezigidi, kodwa eli nani liye landa ngokuphindwe kathathu waza wafikelela 4.1 bhiliyoni ekwakheni lokugqibela.

Isiseko sabekwa ngo-2004, yaye veki zonke ukuphakama isakhiwo kwandisa ngo 1-2 imigangatho. Ngexesha ukwakhiwa kwifomu eyenzelwe ngokukodwa eziphathekayo wasetyenziswa oko, ekwaziyo withstanding lobushushu eliphezulu (50 ° C). Gcwalisa kuveliswa ebusuku Ukongeza omkhenkce. umsebenzi eziphathekayo ugqityiwe ngokwakha imigangatho 160, waza ke umsebenzi waqalisa ukuqokelela spire eziquka izinto ngensimbi (ubude 180 m).

Ubude ngqo kwi "Burj Khalifa" kwaba yimfihlo de ngomzuzu wokugqibela. Xa ukwakhiwa kungenzeka ukwenza kube ephezulu, kodwa athintele izicwangciso inkampani yokwakha sentengiso zokuhlala zokuhlala (indawo ezili-557 thous. M ^2).

isixhobo Technical "Burj Dubai"

Nenqaba umoya ephendulwa umntu ubungakanani okhethekileyo 61 m, kwaye phezu kweendonga inani elikhulu solar panel (15 amawaka m ² kwindawo) - konke oku kuvumela isakhiwo ukuba ngokupheleleyo non-aziphethe ngayo. Yokukhuseleka ukumisa ashushu kumzantsi ilanga yeglasi iingcinga, kakhulu kuya kunciphisa ubushushu ngaphakathi kwindawo yokwakha. Kwakhona likuvumela ukuba ukwehlisa izinga amagumbi zomoya-moya.

original air-moya nkqubo - umoya sibhekiswe ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu kulo lonke Umgangatho kwenqaba, ukunciphisa ubushushu iiyunithi efakiweyo Ukupholisa underground ezizodwa ngamanzi olwandle. Inkqubo entsha ye umlilo mihla ilungiselelwe ngendlela efana ukuba kuphunywe bonke abahlali kunye nabatyeleli ze yinqaba kwimizuzu 32.

Isihloko "Esi sakhiwo emide ehlabathini" wawongwa inqaba ngo-2007, kodwa isakhiwo ngafakwa ngokusesikweni ukusebenza kuphela ngo-2010.

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga kwinqaba "Dubai"

• Inani izinyuko kwinqaba - 3000.
• Inani panel zeglasi - 26 amawaka.
• amagumbi angaphakathi mqambi ihotele (total 160) yaba eGeorge. Armani.
• 43 m, 76 m and-m 123 amanqanaba ukuba abakhenkethi enikiweyo kumaqonga olijongileyo.
• Observatory "On top of" zibekwe kumgangatho 124.
• A swimming pool elikhulu ibekwe emgangathweni 76.
• Le lokukhonzela, egqalwa le vysokoraspolozhennoy kakhulu ehlabathini, uphakathi 158 emgangathweni.
• Emazantsi "Burj Dubai" baphuke umthombo elihle "Dubai" kunye nomculo.

TV Tower "Sky Tree" eTokyo

Tower Sky Tree (634 eemitha) - isakhiwo iphakamileyo ehlabathini e Tower kamabonwakude mihla kunye isithuba sesibini nenqaba ende emva "Burj Dubai". ukwakhiwa lwayo kwagqitywa ngo-2012 yaye zibiza $ 812 yezigidi zezigidi. ukuqeshwa kwakhe - ukuba angadlulisela umqondiso TV yedijithali, ifowuni ephathwayo kunye neenkqubo navigation ethile. Kuba abakhenkethi kukho amaqonga ezimbini ukubukela xa kweziganga 340 no-350 m, embalwa cafes, restaurant kunye nesipho evenkileni.

Shanghai Tower

Nenqaba yesithathu iphezulu ehlabathini - Shanghai, nto leyo ebaluleke iphawulekayo Shanghai (China). Ukuphakama Shanghai Tower - meters 632, ukwakhiwa kwayo kwagqitywa ngo-2015. inqaba Ekhethekileyo in style postmodern bokwakha ukunyanzela evumelanayo kunye nemilinganiselo (125 imigangatho).

Le projekthi wokwakha kwayilwa kwinkampani yomnini kuyilo Gensler kaThixo (USA), isiseko esisekwe-2008. Xa ufaka le isiseko umise irekhodi ihlabathi ngenxa zesantya -. 60 mitran m ³ 63 iiyure. Ukwakhiwa lwaqhutywa njengokuba-high speed isantya kwaye kwagqitywa ngo May 2015.

Shanghai Tower - liziko inkulu ishishini kunye noluhlu yokuthenga kunye nokuzonwabisa iindawo, zithandwa ngabakhenkethi ezivela ehlabathini lonke.

Shanghai Tower uye iindlela zayo zothutho kunye nezibonelelo ezahlukeneyo yeyona lokuzimela ngokupheleleyo kwaye non-ezililize:

• oko wahambisa 270 injini zomoya kunye koyena idizili wenkunkuma, ezibonelela ngayo umbane;
• amanzi emvula buthathwa kwizikhongozeli ezikhethekileyo yaye kamva esetyenziselwa izakhiwo ukufudumeza;
• izinga luhlaza kwizakhiwo - 33%.

Kulo: ihotele chic nayiphi na irenki (ukuya yasebukhosini); ezahlukeneyo Chinese and International Corporation (ofisi 220 amawaka m ^2.); ezineevenkile (amawaka 50 m ^2.); iiholo mboniso lwembali; indawo ephangaleleyo ukuze iindwendwe, ngokuvumela ukuba ahlole yonke umzi; 3 bafudukela phakathi excursion imigangatho ilifti ezokwazi ukubenza phezulu na ngaphantsi kwe-1 imiz.

TV inyango US

Isihloko kwinqaba mde ihlabathi ixesha elide (ukususela ngowe-1963 ukuya ku-2008) Agcina inqaba KVLY-TV, ibekwe North Dakota e Blanchard (USA) ukuphakama 629 m. Ngoku ke wesibini ehlabathini.

TV Tower e Guangzhou, China

Ukubeka ukusebenza ngo-2010, nasenqabeni lesibini eliphezulu umabonwakude sanikezelwa ukuya ekuqaleni Imidlalo Asia. Le Guangzhou TV Tower. ukuphakama kwayo -. 600 m Ukuqhuba inkqubo ulwakhiwo wenkampani yokwakha ARUP. Ulwakhiwo oko ngendlela hyperboloid, kwiretina iqulathe ngemibhobho yentsimbi ububanzi, yaye jize steeple yayo (160 m). umabonakude kunye nerediyo esiveza - Its njongo.

Abatyunjwa babenokuba isihloko

Isihloko "Esi sakhiwo emide ehlabathini" - ayikho rhoqo kwaye ukutshintsha umnikazi wayo njengoko nokwakhiwa yehlabathi ngakumbi izakhiwo ezinemigangatho. Kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo, mhlawumbi uya kwenza uhlengahlengiso kuluhlu. Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-2020 oko izicwangciso ukugqibezela ukwakhiwa kwenqaba China Sky City, ebonelela kubude kancinane ngaphantsi kwe-1 km. Azerbaijan Kucetywa ukwakha-manzi 1050 "Tower of Azerbaijan". Ngoko ke, inkoliso yabo bonke, isihloko uzakuhamba kuyilo esilandelayo ubude ngamnye ukwakhiwa kwayo.