I-injini zixhaphakileyo njengangoku i-diesel nepetroli. Eyokugqibela wazalwa kakhulu ngaphambili, kodwa ngoku ukuthandwa kwakhe uya bhanyalaza. Motors Diesel ephumelelayo ngakumbi nenoqoqosho. Noko ke, ukuze utshatise injini ezi mfuno ezimbini, kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukusebenza njani. Asinako ukuvumela ukwahlulwa injini diesel. Namhlanje sijonga oko le nkqubo yaye kutheni kwenzeka.
feature
Ngamanye amaxesha uva i "diesel waya kungena lokunxibela." Kuthetha ukuthini? Sikhewu - Oku kwanda engalawulekiyo nesantya injini crankshaft, kungakhathaliseki indawo namafutha namafutha. Kwiimeko ezininzi, umqhubi akakwazi ukulawula le nkqubo. Le crankshaft lijikeleza ngesantya esiphezulu, nto leyo rhoqo kuyanda. Ngamanye amaxesha ziyawukhawulezisa ukufika 5000. Kuyingozi ukuba injini diesel. Oku kuza eli nyathelo imizuzu embalwa. Ngenxa yoko - exineke powerplant. Soloko ilandelwa lutshintsho lwemithetho yomsi abamnyama ukusuka kumbhobho zeemoto.
Izizathu - impompo nehigh
Esinye sezizathu eziphambili kulo meko - sibangelwa of impompo yamafutha ka xi ophezulu okanye kaloliwe. Ngenxa yoko, amafutha ungena kwigumbi yokutsha ngaphandle kwemiqathango. Le nkqubo ezingalawulekiyo. Kwaye okukhona kuba lekhamera, kungona isantya injini. Emva koko, indlela ukusasazwa igesi (ngokufuthi kunye drive chain) akanaxesha ukuba uyiphendule kwezi nguqu. Ngenxa yoko, izinikezelo isigaba ezingachanekanga uyagoba crankshaft, zokungenisa zeemoto lwezivalo. Imiphumo basoloko buhlungu gqitha. Kuthekani ukuba injini waya lokubopha? unit Rescue ingaba indlela enye kuphela - sifele kuyo. Kodwa ke akusoloko kusenzeka ukuba wenze le isitshixo. Siye ngokuzimeleyo zilala phezu umoya kwigumbi yokutsha. Kodwa kwezinye iimeko, sangqa ugwebu emngxunyeni wobhaliso likhulu kakhulu. Kwaye ngcono iindlela livale kuya kuba akwenzeki. Umoya nangoku noyicandisa isikhewu encinane. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba iimoto ioksijini ukutya kwi inxalenye asezantsi. Ngoko ke kufuneka uluqhawule langutela emva air filter. Ngokuba lo screwdriver uqinisa Jija kwaye ime ukuhamba ioksijini ityhubhu. Oku kufanele kwenziwe ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Khumbula ukuba apha ingxelo ihlabela mgama umzuzu. Le ndlela yesibini ngakumbi elide, kodwa nemveliso. Ukuba injini waya yokuxhela, kuyimfuneko ukuba uyeke ubonelelo amafutha ngokuthi zokuqhawula umgca amafutha kulo. Kodwa ayisoloko ube nexesha lo. Imiphumela - enezinto bendable kunye crankshaft ayiphumelelanga. Yintoni into embi kakhulu - amaqhekeza injini block ezibhabhayo ngeli xesha. An dubulo onokufaniswa yintshukumo ephoswa. Ezikufutshane kule injini nje yingozi. Kodwa oku akwenzeki kwangoko, yaye emva kwemizuzu 3-5 yokusebenza injini kule imo.
turbine
Diesel kwi kungabotshwa angaya ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba olu injini turbocharged, kusenokwenzeka ukuba oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba lo matshini. Isiqalelo lupholisiwe yi-oyile. Maxa wambi kuvuza zenzeka. Ngenxa yoko, lo mshini akanako ukunika inkxaso. Isantya injini kwandisa izenzekele. Ngokwanda wabo, impompo oyile uqala ukumpompa le lesithambiso ngokukhawuleza. Ngenxa yoko, ingena egumbini yokutsha. Of le pipe zeemoto na umsi omnyama. Xa ndingungantweni unit bonke kushiywa ngaphandle ukuthambisa ajikeleze. Emva kokuba zonke i oyile sele iphumile angena kumbhojana zeemoto. Kukho amaxesha xa nasemva kokucima unikezelo amafutha, iyunithi waqhubeka kusebenza kuphela kwi grease. Kwaye ukuba le nkqubo kuthatha ngaphantsi komzuzu, oku yaneleyo diesel eseleyo kwi lokunxibela. Ngakumbi rhoqo kwenzeka kwi-injini endala emkhosini. Ezi nkundla ke zenzelwe yokuselelwa ioli amafutha kunye separafini. Ngoko ke akumangalisi ukuba injini emva zinciphisa iyaqhubeka ukusebenza kuyo. Ukuba diesel waya yokuxhela, lo crankshaft nawaphula kwisiqingatha. Akuyomfuneko ukuba uya kuzinyothula kwibhloko cylinder kunye kutyunyuzwa ayephuma. Kwezinye iimeko, le injini iza kuqhubeka ukusebenza, kodwa ukubhutyuzwa isici. Yiyiphi enye into eyenzekayo xa kukho idiesel waya lokubopha? Ngenxa yokwanda kwenani revolutions na ukunyuka ubushushu benjini. Yena ngokukhawuleza overheats. Kwakhona, ukuba ngaba Makubalekwe kumkiwe kwindawo injini, amathuba lomlilo kule ndawo ngezilingo zeemoto. Ukuverha Pistons kwenzeka ngemizuzu. Kwaye akunamsebenzi nokuba yintoni ngalo mzuzu amandla inertia le flywheel. Nokuba imoto ezibiza niyahiliza, iibholiti nokuphazamiseka intonga kunye neminye imiba igeza (indlela igeza).
Kutheni kuphela iinjini idizili?
Njengoko yokusebenza ibonisa, lo ubophe kuthatha kuphela injini diesel. Ngenxa yesizathu esibalulekileyo. Isantya ipetroli ngeemoto kulawulwa yi ukunyathela umcephe wokunyusa. It sifaka imali ethile womoya, apho inani revolutions ye shaft anokuthi alungi-lungiswe ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku 7 million. Ngomhla olingene lwangaphakathi ukutshiswa injini ngesithuthuthu maximum mark of 10-13 amawaka. Ke ukuba injini idiesel, ukusebenza yayo ilawulwa yi amafutha, kungekhona umoya. Kule isakhiwo yunithi akukho umcephe wokunyusa. Ngaphezu koko, ukuze phemba le mithi, Akukho mfuneko amakhandlela kunye iintlantsi. Nokuba uthe ususe ibhetri, ngoko ke injini iya kuqhubeka ukubaleka kwixesha elizayo. Ke diesel mihla kufuneka ithuba lokuba aye ukunxiba ngaphantsi kude, ukususela izibaso akusebenzi ngokungqongqo nemilomo. Apha le nkqubo ilawulwa ngekhompyutha, ngoko ukuba enyovwayo namafutha liya kuba yingxaki, ikhompyutha iya kuyeka okanye ukunciphisa ngokuyinxenye unikezelo amafutha kwigumbi yokutsha. Ngokuqhelekileyo oko kuthatha ngaphantsi kwe owesibini. Ngoko ke, ukuba idiesel waya kungena yokuxhela, akuyi kufuneka ukhulule efanelekileyo kunye nomgca okanye uvale ukufikelela kwe-oksijini. Kuba yonke into elektroniki, kwaye ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba nina uqaphele.
Ntoni okulandelayo?
Ukuba wena okanye elektroniki ukuba kuhlutha waya kungena injini yokuxhela, kuyo nayiphi na imeko, musani ukuqala kwakhona. Zama ukuhamba kuloo ndawo enqweleni bethwele okanye bemlandela. Ukuqalisa umdlalo ukuze bandiqumbise iyunithi ukwahlukana ngcono ukuba sifele kuwe kalukhuni.
Indlela ukunqanda ukungaphumeleli?
Ukuze kupheliswe iziphumo ezingancumisiyo, kuyimfuneko ukuba iliso impilo kwimpompo inaliti. I-injini mayixhotyiswe injini okanye oyile isiguquli kufuneka ibe esihambisayo okanye "kutya" kuyo ngaphezu eqhelekileyo. ixabiso Khawula - ngelitha 1 per km ishumi lamawaka. utshintsho ioli kwangethuba kunye nokulungiswa kwiqela cylinder-piston uya kukwazi ukunciphisa ingozi izihlandlo eziliqela ngokwahlukana. Qaphela ukuba ukuhlukunyezwa ingqibelelo, indlela esingena kunye nomoya neoli ziya kuwa. Lo mxube itshisa kakhulu ngakumbi. Ngoko ke, lo isantya uza kunyuka. Yaye ngoko kude kube ngoko, de Kugqityiwe ngokupheleleyo ibhotolo. Kufuneka kwakhona esweni umoya crankcase. Ukuba azizenzi etywiniweyo, inkungu oyile kweyela ngezilingo otyiwa. Xa imoto baleka kakhulu, namakhonkco piston abakwazi ukuya ukususa yonke film. Ngenxa yoko, iperi yengcinezelo evela crankcase bangene kwigumbi yokutsha. Iliso le nkqubo akunakwenzeka.
Regulator
Ukulungisa impompo - isiganeko inyanzelekile ukuba diesel generator nganye. Impompo iqhutywa nge izixhobo ukwehla ukusuka crankshaft. ukusebenza kwayo kuxhomekeka kwisantya yangoku injini. Ukuzigcina, sebenzisa komlawuli centrifugal. Yintoni le ndlela? Enkosi kuye, uhlengahlengiso oluzenzekelayo kwimpompo inaliti. Le fowuni evumela ukuhamba amafutha ngesantya ukwanda kwe crankshaft.
A uhlengahlengiso ngakumbi kwimpompo
Ukuba une iinjini diesel ibonisa ukuba ulungiselelo ngumxube okungahambi, mhlawumbi unobangela kwimpompo xi ophezulu kunye umlawuli centrifugal abakwazi ukumelana nalo msebenzi. Isebenzisa ulawulo owayelapho okhethekileyo. Ngaphambi kokuba ahlole impompo kufuneka zicocwe kokungcola kunye iidiphozithi eseleyo. Emva koko ikhangelwe kwiileyibhile inaliti kwangaphambili kunye ivelufa xi ephantsi unesifo. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka ukhulule nokufakelwa umsindo ngehamile (izithonga lula) kwi inxalenye yalo. Ngaphezu koko ukubonwa pitch elibujikele. Oku kulawulwa esebenzisa locknut. Yena, basonta okanye twist, uze emva koko ska xa kuyimfuneko. Isantya eqhelekileyo injini diesel iduma - 770-790 ngomzuzu. Kuba kohlengahlengiso usebenzisa hydrocorrector ngokujika ukuwutyhalela ebalwa okanye ngku. zokusombulula kwangethuba kuqinisekisa ukusebenza oluthembekileyo kwenkqubo amandla kunye injini xa iyonke.
isiphelo
Ngoko ke, siye safumanisa into inkqubo elinikiweyo. Malwenziwe qho ulondolozo kunye isifo kwangethuba iinjini diesel ukunciphisa ingozi le ngxaki. Njengoko ubona, imiphumo inokuba yingozi kakhulu, ngaphambi kokuba dubulo yeyunithi yamandla. Ngoko ke, ukuba isithuthi sele musani ukulawula ukwandisa amandla kunye ibambelele elahlekileyo, ngoko nangoko umoya ubonelelo lombhobho. Xa cars ezincinane kunokwenzeka ukuba isandla sakho - isandla sakhe ukuba agubungele umbhobho ofunxayo.