Kepler: Iplanethi udlisa ubomi

Uluntu kudala benethemba ukufumana izijikelezi-langa efana neyethu esibhakabhakeni. Iplanethi lokuqala asisiso wezijikelezi-langa, kwaba
Ndafumanisa ngo-2009. Nangona kunjalo, zonke ezikhoyo kuthi iimpawu, asinto ifanele ukuba ubomi. Kwabakho imfuneko yokuba
device eziya rhoqo bukela nesibhakabhaka esimnyama, kuhlalutywa utshintsho. Ngaphezu koko, kuyimfuneko ukuba zinike ithuba le yunithi
basoko belwakhele umkhanya enye inxalenye bhakabhaka esinokwenziwa ukusuka emhlabeni. Konke oku kwakhokelela ekubeni eli Space Telescope, "Kepler" yasungulwa ngo-2009,
ngubani ukufuna exoplanets.

imigomo

Le fowuni, yamiselwa NASA, yathiywa igama "Kepler". Planet ukufumana kumisa teleskopu, kuba nanini na umgama ukusuka kwinkqubo yethu.
Ngoko ke, ukuba bafune exoplanets indlela ehambayo iyasetyenziswa. It sikuko kokwakhelwa indawo encinane zezulu kunye neenkwenkwezi kulinganiswa luminance. Wakuba udlule iinkwenkwezi
epasa planethi, ukukhanya kunciphisa kancinci. Ibe phezu kwesi siseko kwaye ukwazi ukuba ingaba bekukhe ndabanekelwa uhlobo umzimba-langa. Ukuseta ixesha
unyango kunye nenani iiplanethi, kuyimfuneko ukuba bagcine inkwenkwezi ubuncinane iminyaka emithathu. Kuphela ke Kungaphikiswa ukuba njengokukhazimla nkwenkwezi liyancipha ngayo
ngenxa wawo ukuya kuvala ingxingwa edlulileyo exoplanets zakhe.

Ukongeza, i-langa, apho kuyilwa okanye kanye ubomi sele kwakheka, mhlawumbi hayi kangako. Kungenxa yoko le nto "Kepler" usebenza iminyaka emininzi kangaka yaye ukumisa le projekthi ngoku akukho mfuneko.

impumelelo

Okwangoku, ngokuthi "Kepler" wavula amakhulu ngaphezulu kwe-4 ekzoplanet. Zonke 'Ncwadi ukunika igama ezinjengeetelescope, kunye nesabelo amanani serial kunye neeleta. Le leta ibonisa ukuba zingaphi iiplanethi inkwenkwezi.

Yamakhulu open abaliqela ukuze alungele ubomi, siboniswa i "Kepler". Planet 186F, umzekelo, ngaxesha lithile wacingisisa i "iwele" boMhlaba. kunjalo
okwangoku asikwazi ukuqiniseka ngokufumaneka yokwenene zonke iiplanethi bekubona thina. Ngapha koko, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuba bakwazi ukuthi
ukuba umzimba wasezulwini ukuhlala usempilweni, kufuneka kuphonononga abaninzi ngokwenene ezifanelekileyo. Thina ithuba lokuba bafunde planethi eyodwa kuphela, ngokuqinisekileyo
ezikulungele - Earth. Esi sixa izinto lincinane kakhulu. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba izibakala aziwayo, abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba imvelaphi bonke ubomi
kuyimfuneko khona amanzi ngohlobo elulwelo. Olu khetho wenza kube lula ukwazisa isigama esifana "izowuni yokuhlala" - kukho iiplanethi apho, ngenxa
Umgama esihle inkwenkwezi, kuba namanzi. Kule ndawo, amanzi nethuba ngumphunga okanye ngumkhenkce. Ubukho ulwelo kuxhomekeke ekukhanyeni
iinkwenkwezi, yaye umgama umhlaba ukusuka elangeni.

Izizathu yesibini

Yintoni maliqinisekisise ukuba othi ziye zafumana iplanethi efanayo Umhlaba? "Kepler", njengoko kusenokuba, loo nkcazelo akasiniki
ngayo. Yenzelwe kuphela ukubona ubukho exoplanets. Noko ke, siyazi ukuba iimpawu lomhlaba kungaba yahluke kakhulu.
Umzekelo, nkqu ingxilimbela gas elibhaqiweyo isenokungabi isiqinisekiso ukuba akukho manzi kwawo. Emva koko, ukuze kulunge yisathelayithi nge-bume efanelekileyo.

Kuba amathuba ebomini siyazi edibana elininzi zinto: ubukho Hewana, umgama ukusuka inkwenkwezi, ukukhanya umsebenzi, ubukho aziphethe
Star ebumelwaneni, iiplanethi ezinkulu kwinkqubo inkwenkwezi. Ngokusekelwe data yaziwa kuthi, izazinzulu lubonisa ukuba ubomi ezinokuvela, kuqala, phezu
langa na kangangoko efanayo ukuba zethu zokuzalwa - Bajikeleza inkwenkwezi kwelanga-like xa emzileni efanayo, nto leyo iba ubunzima efanayo, ubudala,
uluhlu kunye nezinye iparameters. Loo njengocwangciso lwezinto ezifunekayo ukuze "yehlabathi yesibini" kukhokelela kukuba lokubhaqwa-langa ezifanayo Umhlaba, ebangela njengesiphango iimvakalelo
oosonzululwazi kunye nabemi. Ngoku kwafunyaniswa exoplanets ezimbini ezifuna ingqalelo engakumbi, njengoko kusenokuba kuhle ngabo ababhalelwayo Astronomical Satellite wadalwa "Kepler". Planet 186F kunye 452b.

Kepler 186f

Kepler 186f - iplanethi yafunyanwa ngo-Apreli 2014. Nangona umgama gqitha, ngayo siye safumanisa yavele: bexakeke yingqakumbana ebomvu kunye periodicity seentsuku 130 Umhlaba, ezinkulu ka-10%. Nokujikeleza edlula ngohlangothi olungaphandle zone zelimiweyo. Akhona mazwi ndibulisa ngomdla, ngoko abantu abaninzi abaqhelekileyo, kunye neencwadi bade kakuhle ohlonelwayo waqala ukuthatha imbonakalo planethi, iimpawu zayo kunye neebhonasi ukuba akwazi ukufumana ilizwe ukusuka 'udade ". Noko ke, ekuhambeni kwexesha, izazinzulu bakwazi ukubuyela leyinene eemboni.

Ukuze athi ngqo kusenokwenzeka ukuba ubomi kulo mhlaba, kufuneka ube isixa omkhulu lwe data. Umzekelo, kufuneka ufumanise phambi
emoyeni, ukwakhiwa kwayo, ubume kunye nobunjani umhlaba, iqondo lobushushu, kunye nezinye iimpawu ezininzi. Okwangoku asazi ukuba ezi zixhobo,
esikwaziyo kude elikhulu enjalo ukufumana zonke izinto umdla kuthi. Noko ke, kule 2020s zinendlela efanayo icetyelwe ukuba baqalise orbit,
ukuba isifundo eneenkcukacha iiplanethi extrasolar.

Indlela ukuze aphaphazele aye planet Kepler 186f? Kulungile, kuba phantse ecaleni kuthi - kuyo kuphela ezinye 400 ukukhanya-iminyaka.

Kepler 452b

Okumgama kancinane kude kuthi - kumgama 1400 iminyaka elula. Inkwenkwezi kuyo le "iwele" Kusenokwenzeka Umhlaba, ezifana nelanga lethu.
Komzila Kepler 452b liphantse lifane uMhlaba. imini yethu iintsuku 385. Ubungakanani planethi enkulu kakhulu Umhlaba - radius mkhulu kwama-60%. Ngaloo ndlela,
ukuba lexinene umhlaba iyafana naleyo yoMhlaba, kuya ubunzima amaxesha 4, kubangele womxhuzulane ngakumbi yaye - ngamaxesha 1,5. Age system ogcwele,
apho "ubomi" abanomdla iplanethi kweminyaka 6 billion ubudala thina, xa kuthelekiswa ne-4.5 -. ubudala ilanga lethu.

Ngaba kukho ubomi kulo mhlaba? Mhlawumbi. Kodwa ngeke kube. Kude kube ngoko, de izixhobo ngqo kunye mihla, nto leyo eza kuvumela ukuba ukufunda emhlabeni,
badla imigama elikhulu enjalo, ngeke sithethe kakuhle akayi kuba yintoni oku kunye nabanye bakwazi ukubona iifoto planethi Kepler 452b nabanye abafana ngayo.