Kaloliwe Electric VL-80: neempawu, usasazo kunye nokuxhatshazwa

Phantse sonke siyazi ukuba ipesenti enkulu kakhulu yonke nempahla ehlabathini uphumeza zothutho kaloliwe. Ke isithuba post-yiSoviet, kule ndawo umzila kaloliwe - phantse ngokupheleleyo, inkokeli ekuzibonakaliseni kwinani abathuthwayo umkhweli wakhe umthwalo kwezithuthi. Ngenxa yoko, kweli nqaku exhaustively asizigqali enye koomatshini abaziintloko ukuba enze imoto yeemoto ezahlukeneyo, igama apho - kaloliwe electric VL-80.

ulwazi jikelele

Le yunithi train lwamandla ngumqondo le Novocherkassk Electric kaloliwe Plant. Kunjalo ishishini kaloliwe yombane VL-80 iyilwe yaye ziveliswa zonke iinguqulelo zayo ezikhoyo. Kule ndawo lokuvelisa ikhutshwa phandle kuphela ukusebenza indibano yaye onke amacandelo afunekayo zinikwe ukusuka kwamanye amazwe amashishini umatshini-sakhiwo. Zizonke 2746 iiyunithi zaye zaveliswa, kwaye imoto yokugqibela ngasekhohlo umgca ibandla ngo-1995.

scope

phezulu zombane 80 yenzelwe ukusebenza ezahlukeneyo babenikela ekhaya naphesheya (Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan) lomqolo umbane isigaba nge kumaza-50 noololiwe Hz.

Zonke izixhobo kaloliwe lujolise ekusebenzeni kunye catenary lombane 19-29 kV. lobushushu Ambient kule imeko inokuba kuluhlu ukususela -50 ukuya +40 degrees Celsius kwi ukufuma ku-90% kunye ukuphakama kwinqanaba ulwandle ingaphezulu kwe-1200.

features design

Kaloliwe VL-80 waphuma mveliso esangweni sakhiwa iperi ngokwamacandelo, nangona ezinye iimodeli zombane anamacandelo abathathu okanye abane, kodwa uthethe ngayo kamva.

Ukuqwalasela lo inxalenye VL80 mechanical, siphawula ukuba limelwe twatse ngokupheleleyo bogies ezimbini-asi ezimbini apho izakhelo zenziwa nge welding. Ukunikela uhlobo mqengqeleki inkxaso zibandakanya isakhelo bogie ngokusebenzisa iibhloko cwaka (ezi zerabha kumalungu kubulawa). Ukususela kweenqwelo umzimba kunye nomkhosi elekhtrons wadluliselwa izikhonkwane kuhlatywa - iintonga kwakuxhomekeke uqhagamshelo. An injini yombane ukubonelela intshukumo ye kaloliwe, olubekwe yi yezihlunu axhasayo-ejingayo. iinjini uchwetheze - QAPHELA-418K6. Ukususela injini ukuya ngababini ivili ujikeleziso sisasazwa ngokusebenzisa indlela-mbini transmission gear helical nesithsaba ngokwaneleyo ngqwabalala. Ekubeni le transmission amazinyo iiseyile kufuneka etyekele ethile, wothethathethwano amandla ndingekhoyo ngokupheleleyo yezihlunu, nto leyo, kunciphisa kakhulu umthwalo kwi drive kwaye kwandisa ubomi wenkonzo iinxalenye.

izixhobo ngokuphukela

phezulu zombane 80 kwiziko ngalinye kwecandelo yayo ifakwe:

• Pantograph, ethwala yangoku ukusuka catenary. Kubhaliwe ibekwe ngasentla ngqo cabin yomqhubi.
• shintsha Main BOB-25M.
• Ibambelele transformer nge uhlobo oyile motor-pump.
• Amahobe units rectifier.
• The main isilawuli.
• Fazorasschepitelem ukuvelisa kwisigaba sesithathu, nto leyo ebandakanyekileyo ukondla Iimoto olungenangqamaniso nezinye iiyunithi abancedisayo.
• Motors abane, iifeni, pholisa kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ekukhuliseni umzimba kaloliwe. Emibini ngeemoto iyafuneka ukuze kuphole motor drive.
• Motor-CT 6EL isiguquli zokukhupha umoya efunekayo ukuze ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwenkqubo elekhtrons, iiyunithi amandla, ombane aphezulu kwegumbi ivalela, idangatya amaza isandi ukuphakama kwezwi, ukusebenza izicoci iglasi actuator ukuyilandela.

transformer

Ifakwe ibambelele jiko kwemicimbi iimfuno ukuze le ombane kwi bengasebenzi 399 V (umthwalo rated ngu 380 C), nto leyo esebenza ukuba amnike amandla le ezininzi kwiisekethe yolawulo abangabancedani. Kwimeko iinguqulelo ezinkulu catenary ombane le ombane kule iinjini ezixhasayo yazinza yi loza ezimbini ukuba ombane yaso 210 V no 630 V. sombane yabo isenza i kwenzeka ngesandla. Xa uhlengahlengiso oluphambili iinjini ombane yi nokusebenza ngqo yomqhubi kwinkqubo.

ubuqili ukulawula

Ukususa zikagesi kwenzeka ngenxa ukutshintsha, onikezelwa kwi drive motor nganye. Kuwo nawuphi na kwentloko-iinguqulelo ezikhoyo 80 (ngaphandle 80r phezulu) ixabiso ombane kwi UTED ilungiswa bancendise phantsi komthwalo sombane impompo usebenzisa isilawuli zombane eziphambili. Ukuze kupheliswe ukuba kungenzeka ukuba inrush yangoku ngexesha yobume lenguqu phakathi sombane kunye umlawuli imvelaphi inyuselwa khona reactor yenguqu olusebenzisa ucimayo nokusebenzisa nomthwalo usebenzisa inductance ephakamileyo labucala.

Ekubeni izinto idlule imisinga nje enkulu, kule nkalo, abafowunelwa zabo zenziwe indawo khompawundi carbon-yesiliva. elektrokontroller Iyonke (ECG) iqulathe malunga-12 kg zesilivere. ECG iqhutywa yinjini DC ukuba amandla ombane ayi-50 V kunye namandla 500 W, kuqaliso apho kaloliwe lisoloko ngonyuka kunciphise Izibane norhatyazo kunye ombane kule kwiisekethe yolawulo.

kukukhawulezisa electric phezulu 80r, apho akukho elektrokontroller oyintloko kulawulwa ngezinye iindlela. Kwakhona xa kaloliwe unalo elekhtrons okungenisa enika ukubuyiswa eneji yombane osetyenzisiweyo emva komsebenzi womnatha.

parameters

kaloliwe zombane VL-80, iimpawu zobugcisa eboniswe ngezantsi, isetyenziswa njenge impahla kunye umkhweli kaloliwe. Izalathi ezingundoqo kulo matshini zezi:

• Ubude - 32480 mm.
• Ubude (kulinganiswa ukusuka entloko kaloliwe ukuya iimbaleki susceptor eshiyelelweyo) - 5100 mm.
• Hour amandla - 6520 kW.
• amandla muhle - 4501 ngetoni nganye.
• Isantya - 51,6 km / h.
• Amandla e ngaxeshanye - 6160 kW.
• amandla muhle ukusebenza ixesha elide - 40,9 ngetoni nganye.
• amandla muhle kwi ekuqaleni intshukumo-65 mc.

imodeli

Electric NEVZ yavelisa kwezoyilo ezahlukahlukeneyo yaye ngenxa yokuba kuluhlu lwabo ubanzi ngokwaneleyo. Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha ezingakumbi.

VL-80T

inxalenye yawo ngomatshini iqulathe amacandelo amane wazibeka ngaphantsi kubo iilori nesochlenonnyh. icandelo ngalinye Iikona zawo SA-3 coupler.

Neenqwelo zenziwa oxwebhu amaplanga, zokungqinga ekupheleni uhlobo tubular neendonga icala bhokisi-candelo. Yonke imikhosi abasebenza kwi kaloliwe yombane wadlula ukumiswa ezalwa. Umphathi wesekethe zokulawula zibandakanya benza okuchasene wesiphaluka, owathatha efakiweyo ngaphambili iifyuzi. Kwakhona modified kwaye ngenkqubo: a neendledlana ngentsimbi simahla ecaleni kwepaseji, lo prechamber ekhohlo sinciphile wavuswa ukuya eluphahleni. Ngaba utshintsho banikwa kunye busebenze yombane. Ngokukodwa, rheostat kakhulu ekhwele waqhekeza, resistors elekhtrons, eyenziwayo. Konke oku kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni ngokutsha okubalulekileyo zonke izixhobo ezikhoyo.

Indlela yokuqhuba ishishini umyalelo yombane ithi akufuneki sibe ngaphezulu kwe-3 km / h ngexesha somnyango ukwakhiwa ngesantya intshukumo. Oku ukubeka ecaleni ngokupheleleyo ithuba ukothuka kwaye konakalise coupler.

VL-80S

A isici esasenza lo kaloliwe kukuba kunokukhokelela umqhubi amacandelo amathathu okanye ngaphezulu ukusuka console enye. Oku kwenzeka emva kokuba inkqubo sele iiyunithi ezininzi iye yaziswa.

izixhobo ngoomatshini kunye zombane kaloliwe phantse twatse i-HV-80T, kodwa kukho umahluko:

• Kwakukho inkqubo, nto leyo ebonisa nangakumbi ukusebenza macandelo iqhagamshele.
• Ukusebenza compound iintlobo mezhelektrovoznye.

Ngokuthe ngcembe, lo nemizila VL-80 ° C ukwenza utshintsho ezahlukeneyo ukuphucula ukuthembeka umatshini kwaye ukwehlisa izinga iindleko zalo zemveliso. Umzekelo, Iimoto ezintsha Ane-225L4UHL2 endaweni AE-92-4 zafakelwa. Kwakhona ngo-1985, imifuziselo eziliqela ziye zasekwa nguTed nayo. Ukwanda elements ngamnye lobume lonke kunye nokuqaliswa kweeyunithi ezintsha kuthethe ukuba ubunzima elipheleleyo kaloliwe yanyuswa waza wabeka lomyinge nani yakhe entsha - iitoni 192.

Ukusebenza kwalo kaloliwe kweemeko zasebusika kufuna amanyathelo ezikhethekileyo ezifana:

• Ukutshintsha le ihlobo grease ubusika.
• Ukususwa ukuvuza ezikhoyo kwi-inshorensi, emiseleni, isini, kunye nezinye iindawo zomzimba.
• Ihlola isimo bebhetri.
• Uhlaziyo le iibheringi motor-yezihlunu kunye nezixhobo.

VL-80r

Lo kaloliwe waphuhliswa kuthathelwa ingqalelo iintsilelo elidlulileyo kwaye ithuba unyathela okungenisa. Kwakhona yaba kaloliwe lokuqala zombane apho kuwo kumgaqo thyristor AC. Kwezi matshini, izilawuli ezifana CME-80 kwamanye amalwimi ezifakiweyo. Ukuze ukugcina ubushushu yokusebenza eqhelekileyo izixhobo kaloliwe ezisetyenziswa TSVP64-14 fans. Zombane le modeli ubesoloko ethatha inxaxcheba ephambili njenge izithuthi kaloliwe phezu kololiwe yommandla Krasnoyarsk, East-Siberia kunye neendlela Far Eastern. Ngendlela, isibakala ephawulekayo: VL-80T - 1685 sele inxaxheba kwinkqubo bhanyabhanya film "Highway", nto leyo eye yaba luthandwa railwaymen anamava.

The sekabhe le kaloliwe phantse twatse i-HV-80T, kodwa kukho umahluko ezimbini:

• Kwikona engasentla ekunene 80r ezihamba ilahlwe iibhodi ezizodwa ukuba izibane ezisibhozo, nganye ibonisa imo-high speed sokuyivula amacandelo.
• esisebenza umqhubi iqwalasele njenge ivili ngesandla endaweni lever.

VL-80K

Ngalinye amacandelo № yombane ukuya 380 ofakelwe nabalandeli ezimbini centrifugal rated kwi-40 kW nganye, zisetyenziswa pholisa iinjini imoto ekhoyo. Le fan ithatha umoya ngokusebenzisa louvers elahliweyo kwicala lasekunene kodonga yomzimba.

Ukususela № 380, kaloliwe enamavili amabini nabasebenzi fans centrifugal, leyo lihanjiswa kulo ecaleni nemivalo umoya otyiwa.

80cm phezulu

Olu hlobo kaloliwe yaqala ukuba kuveliswa ngo-1991 yaza yavelisa iminyaka emine kuphela.

Ngokwemo, akukho eyahlukileyo kakhulu ukusuka VL-80 ° C. Noko ke, kwakukho abathile utshintsho. Ngoko ke, abambalwa batshintsha izibane zazo uxhaso loqwalaselo kunye spotlight bakhwela phezu kwentungo yenqaba leyo kaloliwe. Xa imbonakalo waba kancinane esifana VL-85.

HVL-80m

Zombane, eyasetyenziswa ukwenza inkqubo ekhethekileyo uhlengahlengiso ombane entle imoto motor usebenzisa inverter VIP 4000M uhlobo rectifier-inverter. Kwathiwa ifakiwe iinjini advanced QAPHELA-418KR.

Kaloliwe kunye nenkqubo yolawulo besebenzisa ubuchwepheshe isilawuli kunye uxilongo. Loo nto inika zombini ulawulo manual kwaye oluzenzekelayo le kaloliwe yombane, iqinisekisa ukhuseleko ngokuchasene ibe zifika, ulawula excitation yangoku kwimowudi elekhtrons okungenisa, olawula izixhobo relay-lwekontraka nokuxilonga zonke iintsimbi umatshini multi-ton.

unit ulawulo kaloliwe ngoku nokuba ergonomic ngakumbi kwaye isebenziseka lula. Saqala ukusebenzisa conditioner kunye nezihlalo entsha umqhubi nomncedisi wakhe.

yesondlo

Ukulungisa phezulu yombane olwenziwa lunee ntlobo zimbini:

1. nokulungiswa Medium - yenziwa ukuba kuveliswe i lokuqala inqanaba lokwenziwa komsebenzi, kunye nokusebenza iindawo buso okanye epheleleyo ukubuyisela engundoqo kunye neeyunithi (uhlolo kunye nokulungiswa iintambo, imibhobho kunye nabanye).
2. Ukungcitywa - kunciphise resource amalungu ngokupheleleyo zonke eligugileyo, kunye namacandelo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko ilalela epheleleyo amacandelo kunxitywe. Lo matshini, enyanisweni, uyaqonda ukuba Screw nganye.

Ngaphambi kokuba nayiphi na iintlobo zingentla nokulungiswa sombane icocwe of ukungcola nothuli, kwaphulwa kwi sub-kwiindibano phantsi, ezo kamva phantsi uviwo ngokucokisekileyo kakhulu ukuze kufunyaniswe ngobungakanani zokuguga. Ngelo xesha ngokuhlamba izixhobo zombane zonke iingcingo kunye izixhobo phantsi ngabodwa oluthembekileyo angene ezi izisombululo zokucoca.

zikaloliwe zombane esekelwe kwi-HV-80

Isixhobo electric kaloliwe VL-80 kwaba lula yaye olucingisiswe, ukuba ikhululwe isiseko amanye zikaloliwe. Ngoko ke, ngo-1999 Demikhovsky zobunjineli izityalo ezine ED1 zombane yakhiwa, olu sapho lwaluquka iimoto ezilishumi kunye uloliwe ngqo ED9T, yaye zombini iziphelo ubume engundoqo railcars zatshintshwa licandelo VL80s zombane. ED 1 zasiwa kwindlela yokothula Ekude kunye iyavuma-2. Noko ke, ngo-2009, zonke ezi oololiwe sele dismantled ngokupheleleyo.

Ngowe-2001, le projekthi ukuze kwakhiwe inkqubo oololiwe ezimbini nokonyuka intuthuzelo sele yenziwe. Ukulungiselela le njongo, kukho iinqwelo uloliwe yombane ED4DK ezazisetyenziswa, leyo zabekwa phakathi amacandelo AC ne DC.

Ngasekupheleni 2001, ukulwa udale uloliwe ED4DK-001, kwicala elinye apho icandelo abasisigxina HV-10-315 DC, yaye kwelinye - VL-80T-1138. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lomsebenzi ngakumbi, kwaye kwacaca ukuba lo msebenzi odibeneyo kwezi iiyunithi ezimbini akwenzeki ngenxa yezizathu ezithile. Imbetha isiqinisekiso kwababezikhonza baqhumisela icandelo projektha 10-315 emhlabeni.

isiphelo

Nemizila VL-80 kangako ngokubanzi yamkelwe ebomini bethu, ukuba bemeko- imidlalo yekhompyutha zibandakanya oku kwenye indalo yakhe - Railroad Tycoon 3. Ukongeza, ukuba ikopi lunokuthenjwa zombane wafumana indawo yayo ikuba umdlalo