Izityalo yonyaka ibalulekileyo. Imizekelo ukusetyenziswa kwezolimo kunye nomhlaba

Kukho intsimi, imifuno nezityalo zokuhomba, iqala ize iphele umjikelo wobomi balo kwisithuba ngexesha elinye ikhula. Le iqela elikhulu nebalulekileyo eziphilayo - annuals. Imizekelo: abaninzi okuziinkozo (ingqolowa, rye), imidumba (iimbotyi, soy), imifuno kunye umxoxozi (itumata, yemixoxozi, ithanga, ivatala). Yintoni annuals? Ukuze ukwazi impendulo, enze uhambe extra-mural ngezityalo ingenzeka ngezitiya namasimi, ukubazi kunye nemifuno njengesiqhelo engaqhelekanga, iintyatyambo, iziqholo kunye nokhula ukunamathela.

iintlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo

Abantu basebenzisa izinto eziphilayo bawumiyo umhlaba. abamelwane bethu kule planethi - lisiza eluhlaza, ubulembu, ibihlungu ephezulu, gymnosperms kunye angiosperms. kudingeka abantu kuzo zonke ezi maqela, ukuba ezifektri, kulimo, ukutya, ukusetyenziswa zonyango, ezinexabiso yokuqonda kunye nobugcisa.

Phakathi iintlobo enezityalo bodwa ingaphelelwayo, ingaphelelwayo kunye nezityalo zonyaka. imizekelo:

• Perennials: apile, oningga, kweediliya, yelamuni kunye nezinye amatyholo, imidiliya nemithi.
• izityalo ebakho: ikhaphetshu, theniphu, beetroot, iminqathe, Viola tricolor.
• Annuals: tomato, ipepile, ibhalsam, ngumhlonyane, Wort St. kaYohane, chamomile, Aster.

Ixesha umjikelo wobomi

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zemozulu kwaye iinjongo zokulima, iminyaka yobomi izityalo zolimo kunye zokuhomba iyahluka. Ukuba iimeko zemozulu abangqwabalala, ukukhula imifuno, iintyatyambo kunye imifuno angacuthwa ukuba yokukhula eyodwa.

Emyezweni kunye neebhedi imbali eRussia iqela elikhulu Perennials likhule njengoko annuals: Aster, snapdragon, a cloves Turkish, nasturtium, UPetunia, verbena, lobelia. Ezi kweentyatyambo ezokuhombisa akayi ebusika frosty.

biennials ezininzi izityalo iingcambu bazibonise ukwenzela unyaka-1. Ngoko ke, celery parsley ngohlobo kunyaka wokuqala nerozi yamagqabi weSucculent, kwaye okwentyatyambo kunyaka wesibini.

A indima enkulu isondlo, imveliso kunye nonyango ukudlala annuals ezininzi. Imizekelo: ingqolowa yasebusika, iimbotyi zesoya, umqhaphu, lwemostade, neflakisi, calendula. Emva kweentyatyambo, ukusekwa iziqhamo kunye amatswele imbewu ufe, kusindiswa kuphela iimbewu basasazekileyo ngumoya, amanzi, izilwanyana kunye nabantu.

Yintoni annuals? izibonelo

Nokhutshelo elingenzi nto kwezityalo zibe yokuhlala ezintsha ezinxulumene amatyala ukwazi. Ngeplantain evela eYurophu "wahamba waya kufika" kwilizwekazi American kunye bumdaka iintende izihlangu kwabemi abamhlophe. Bomthonyama ebizwa amagqabi aluhlaza enkulu "ikhethe umntu omhlophe."

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVII kwi intaka abotshwe, wafaka utyani, ukusuka olwandle eYurophu wawa isityalo herbaceous ngonyaka - erigeron waseKhanada. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo twa ukhula amanyala phezu babeziindleko ezinkulu eYurophu Asia, sifumaneka kwiMpuma Ekude.

Kukho izityalo, ukusongela impilo yoluntu kunye nezolimo, ezifana ragweed. Pollen ezincinane iintyatyambo ofana nokwaliwa kunye sombefu, imbewu singcolise izityalo zolimo. Alwe ambrosia nzima, kuba phezu ihlumelo omnye ekhulisa ngonyaka imbewu 180 000 300 000, bathinjelwe imigama emide.

Ukusetyenziswa annuals kwezolimo

sezulu esibandayo, permafrost kwimimandla ezibandayo naseAsiya nakuMntla Melika ayimininzanga xa ibekwe izityalo ezilinyiweyo. Ulimo kule mimandla kunokwenzeka zokugcina itshiswa zokugcina. Sezulu cool angakhula iinkcubeko okuziinkozo, imifuno kunye izityalo ingcambu. zone ziingcathu - a esisibona ka-Asia, eYurophu, kumbindi North America. Kuba ubunzima kwezolimo kule mimandla basebenzisa okuziinkozo, iimbotyi, zobugcisa kunye nemifuno kunye melon izityalo.

In emazantsi kwindawo epholileyo sabutropikhi ulinywa iintlobo ezininzi thermophilic zezityalo yezolimo. Le ingqolowa, irayisi, umqhaphu, iipepile, seqanda, ivatala, melon. ixabiso elibalulekileyo kolu shishino kunye noluntu ngokubanzi umnquma, annuals ibhedolaki okuneziqholo abamagama bayazazi kwabaninzi. Le zikajongilanga, amaranth, lwemostade, imbewu udlwengulo, anise, marjoram, tarragon, lobulumko.

annuals Ornamental - bomntu ngenxa umnyamekeli zasehlotyeni ohlala

Luphawu ezisetyenziswa horticulture, imbonakalo kunye Perennials lokuntshula avuthulukayo zokuhombisa. Ezi zityalo zilufanele sika - kuba amaqoqo kunye na iingobozi zizele iintyatyambo ezintsha, Ukuqamba zeentyantyambo. Zikhula iibhedi, izikhongozeli kunye neembiza Ukuhomba balcony, iintyatyambo UPetunia elikhanyayo enkulu.

Mpunzi, zinnias kunye asters ngamanye amaxesha usithe rose for zinamaqhina aso nohlaza. Coleus nemibala kohii elikholekileyo entsha amagqabi. Giants phakathi annuals nephantsi kunye sredneroslye emiyezweni - oyile kukaCastor amaranth; ukuphakama Kwiimeko ngamnye inokuba ukuya ku-2 m.

ezokuhombisa lonyaka flowerbeds kunye kwimigqomo

A inzuzo enkulu annuals landscape abayili tsalela ithuba kunyaka ngamnye ukubanceda ukuguqula scheme umbala, kwakunye nezinye iimpawu ezibalulekileyo iibhedi intyatyambo. Annuals lula kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwe-level ezininzi neziqithi iibhedi, rabatok, mixborders kunye nemida.

Imizekelo annuals yoyilo landscape ziqhelekileyo: Petunia. Aster, marigold okanye tagetes, Antirrhinum okanye snapdragon, ageratum, helenium, Arctotis, tsiniya, gypsophila ezintle, calendula, ikhaphetshu zokuhombisa, rudbeckia.

Kwigumbi Usiko isiba ngonyaka okanye ebakho i calceolaria sisityalo ethandwayo. Ngeembiza, izikhongozeli kunye neembiza ezijingayo khangela iintyatyambo enkulu eqaqambileyo lobelia, nasturtium, Thunberg kwisiqalo ecolekileyo iziqu kunye namagqabi aluhlaza. Phakathi izityalo zonyaka kufuneka esivumba: wallflowers, icuba anuka, reseda, i-ertyisi elithozamisayo. Iipropati imithi kwesilumko, Echinacea.

Annuals lula ukuba kukhule ukusuka iimbewu, izithole ngezityalo ngokubanzi kakuhle uphila ngexesha abohlukeneyo of zokugcina kunye kwizingxobo emhlabeni evulekileyo.