Izimbiwa Mexico kunye nesimo. Kutheni Mexico sisityebi kwizimbiwa?

Mexico ubekwa kwindawo yesithandathu ehlabathini kuloo ndawo endaweni yayo iye ezintabeni eziphakamileyo, misinga enzulu kunye namathafa. Kodwa kuyamangalisa nje kuphela. zwe elihle ngokuba yi-Cradle of ethile, ngexesha eYurophu esese kude izinto ezifunyaniswe zizazinzulu ezininzi, amaMaya baye basebenzisa ulwazi lwabo ngeenkwenkwezi, imathematika, alchemy kunye nezinye izifundo zesayensi. De kube ngoku, iimfihlelo ezininzi le ndlu emangalisayo izilumko wahlala engekasonjululwa.

AmaNdiya ayewazi ezinzulwini abatyebileyo kurhulumente, ngoko ke akazange ngokuba "Mexico", le leetyuwa geni emhadini evulekileyo, inkqubo kwaye usebenzise endlwini yakho. Boyisa-conquistadors babemangalisiwe bendawo abaninzi indlela eyenziwe ngesiliva kunye namatye anqabileyo, ngokunjalo yentsimbi.

Mexico uncedo zahlukahlukene kakhulu. Oku kungenxa yokuba kukho mlilo (njengoko ngoku isebenza yaye extinct). Ngelo xesha lokuthululwa daka iwela kuphela phezu kodwa ngaphakathi emhlabeni, apho kukho iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ukwenza nasemaweni ebandakanya wonke.

phawu neznye

Kutheni Mexico esisityebi kwizimbiwa, abangayi kuba nako gqabagqaba, t. To. On kwintsimi lizwe inani elikhulu bezakhelo zomhlaba ezahlukeneyo ezichaphazela ukuyilwa zeengxondorha.

kwintsimi yaseMexico ise iiyunithi zejoloji ezinkulu ezifana:

1. Siphindwe empumalanga zone entshonalanga - Sierra Madre.
2. Paleozoic Eyisongile ke ngasezantsi Sierra Madre.
3. Ukuvimba usingasiqithi ka Baja California.
4. unit Sonoran.
5. aphambuke waseMexico.
6. Isitovu Yucatán.

imimandla elisongiweyo empumalanga nasentshonalanga Sierra Madre

Zizo ezo izinto ezinkulu noshowo Mexico. Eastern zone esongiweyo Sierra Madre kwi inkululeko emantla 19 ° ne-20 °. Phakathi kweentlanti kukho izakhiwo Transmeksikanskogo ibhanti mlilo, apho kukho mlilo ezininzi ezisebenzayo. Baye zakha Neogene-koqeqesho volcanics. Kule ndawo ungakhetha Mesozoic nasekuqaleni Cenozoic ukusonga, apho emise iintente schists Precambrian kunye gneisses. Nonmetamorphosed Paleozoic iidipozithi lentlenga zona carbonate le Paleozoic asezantsi nalawo aphakathi ukusuka emgangathweni. I Triassic kunye isandstone സോഫ്റ്റ്വെയര് isoftwe emibalabala, evaporites, welitye lodaka, udongwe kunye lekalika Mesozoic uhlobo nezakhiwo.

indawo Sierra Madre Western isongiwe lususela kumda osemantla Mexico ukuya bhanti mlilo. Eyisongile, le yokukhwabusha ubukhulu becala mlilo basalts emva Cretaceous, namatye Cenozoic uqambe kwaye andesites. Iidipozithi zobhedu, isilivere ores abakhokelayo-zinc kube lixesha kwi ngaphandle mlilo kwexesha Cretaceous.

Paleozoic Eyisongile ke ngasezantsi Sierra Madre

Esi sakhiwo esongiweyo ungaphakathi Transmeksikanskogo Foldbelt kunye kwithala indawo Pacific. Apha yimani Early Paleozoic izifaka kunye zamatye zixelwe ngentla, kwakunye സോഫ്റ്റ്വെയര് isoftwe sedimentary lizwekazi iyaxela Early, neetyuwa zaselwandle സോഫ്റ്റ്വെയര് isoftwe.

Ukuvimba usingasiqithi ka Baja California

Entshonalanga ibhloko nasemaweni yobudala Mesozoic, kwaye uninzi batholiths granitoid ahlala. Ngentla sedatha zolwakhiwo clastic kunabela neetyuwa mlilo zaselwandle. Rift Gulf of California wambumba izakhiwo oluphindwe-abeka complex.

unit Sonoran

Le block ibekwe phakathi Gulf of California kunye nenxalenye esentshona Sierra Madre. Le nto ndiyibhalayo granitoids zamatye zixelwe ngemvelaphi Precambrian, kwakunye amatye carbonate le Ordovician-Carboniferous.

unit Sonoran luphawulwa yokuba wafumana emithini Cretaceous lenyengane, rock subvolcanic apho kukho imali ebekiweyo ekrwada yobhedu-abomvu.

aphambuke Mexican

foredeep Mexican phambi nibhinqe elisongiweyo i Cordillera. Kwiindawo ezininzi bafumana amatye clastic le Paleogene kunye Neogene. Isakhiwo Flat of limestones enezixhobo of ezizizembiwa lwasemoyeni izimbiwa Cretaceous.

isitofu Yucatán

siphindwe ngokupheleleyo carbonates Neogene kunye Paleogene. neetyuwa ingxabano Cretaceous kwi oli entshona ekubhalwe avalelwe.

ukukhululeka

Ukususela bezakhelo zomhlaba zixhomekeke mmandla kunye neeminerali luncedo of Mexico. Le ukukhululeka lizwe kunokuba nzima: iqulethe iintaba, umhlaba kunye namathafa. Uninzi lizwe kuhlawulwa yi-Highlands kunye ithafa lwangaphakathi. Ngenxa yoko, ithafa yahlulwe ezimbini: Mesa Mesa Central kunye North. Igama "Mesa" livela kwi Spanish 'etafileni'.

Central Mesa macala onke engqongwe ezintabeni. Igqumeke phantse ngokupheleleyo iimveliso mlilo kule kucace osicaba nezitya emininzi amachibi yamandulo. Central Mesa ufikelela umphakamo we-2,600 yeemitha ukuya ezantsi.

Sierra Madre Occidental - nomxokelelwane esinamandla ezintabeni, nemixawuka anamandla umlambo enzulu. Sierra liphuma kakhulu xa uhambisa i Gulf of California, kodwa ngasekupheleni eziphakamileyo Kumathafa ziyahluka ngcembe. umahluko onjalo ebukhali ukuphakama kwayo kuloo mmandla kungachazwa yokuba apha kukho iziphene ezininzi kumphezulu ijonge ye ongaphantsi crystalline. Le ntaba ntaba Walungisa neetyuwa.

California Peninsula - indawo emxinwa kunye weentaba komhlaba. Kuyehla ukufika 3000 iimitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle.

Eastern Sierra Madre -. Iseti ntaba yakhona kunye ezisezintabeni ezisuka 1,000 ukuya 3,000 m Sierra legqunyiwe ngomaleko lamatye ludaka. Yi emathafeni yonxweme xa uhambisa ukuya empuma (ukuya Gulf of Mexico), intaba ukuqethuka.

Esesiphelweni akumazantsi Central Mesa ukusuka empuma kuye entshona yi ezinqamlezayo mlilo Sierra - le nkqubo inkulu yaye aphezulu nentaba Umhlaba. Kwakhona izindlu enye mlilo ezinkulu - Orizaba. cone njalo liphuma iimitha 3,000 ukusuka kwisiseko, yaye ukuphakama 5700 m ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle, ngentla kancinci Elbrus mlilo.

Ngokubhekele phaya, xa uhambisa ukuya ezantsi, ezinqamlezayo mlilo Sierra waphula nezitya ngokunzulu imvelaphi ziitectonic plates. Ngaphesheya komlambo yolula Valsas Sierra Madre del Sur. Isebenza eyayingqalene Pacific Ocean. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iintaba, akukho mlilo, le nto ndiyibhalayo ikakhulu ilitye lentlenga.

siqwenga Teuantepeksky liphantsi kakhulu, ukuphakama kwayo kuphela kwezinye iindawo ukuya kwi-650 m. Emva kokuba wolula uluhlu entabeni eChiapas. Le uluhlu esimbaxa ntaba uphethe yonke kumzantsi-mpuma Mexico. Chiapas yahlulwe iinxalenye ezimbini: kwihewu eponymous kunye kummango Sierra Madre.

Inkulu kwezi ndawo nezihlambo zazo Mexico - Tabasco, ukuba sisondele kakhulu Gulf of Mexico kwaye wambu neetyuwa zaselwandle.

Ekubeni ingqalelo zonke isakhiwo kunye nesimo sendawo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuphendula umbuzo wokuba kutheni Mexico kukuba sisityebi kwizimbiwa. Isikakhulu oku kuxhomekeka kwiinkqubo ezenzeka kwintsimi le mihla karhulumente kumawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo: ipleyiti intshukumo, mlilo, iintshukumo glacial, etc ...

Izityebi Mekika. minerals

Sinokuthi ilizwe phantse zonke izimbiwa. Kutheni Mexico sisityebi kwizimbiwa? Oku kubangelwa ezahlukeneyo elimi ngayo. Kukho ezibalulekileyo izibonelelo ibekiweyo njengesinyithi, imetyhuri, igolide, nesilivere, kwistibhiya esikrwada, nobhedu, nezinki, ilothe, bismuth kunye nabanye. Ngaphezu koko, akukho ioli ekubeni negesi. Okulandelayo iya kuchazwa eneencwadi ezibalulekileyo ngokoqoqosho yendalo Mexico ngokufutshane.

Oyile negesi

Ngomhla kummandla State ekhangelwe nkalwana amasimi oyile malunga 350 no-200 - igesi. Uninzi loovimba ziqwalaselwa ngaphakathi Gulf - Mexico oyile negesi isitya.

Iidipozithi benze kakhulu, kodwa ke bonke omncinane, kuphela bambalwa koovimba ngeoli ezingaphezu kwezigidi 100 iitoni, igesi - .. Ngaphezu billion 100 cubic metres. On esitokisini yale izinto ezixabisekileyo ekrwada Mexico uyavuma e Latin America, Venezuela kuphela.

E Mexico oyile negesi sokuhlambela ziyakwazi ukuchongeka iindawo ezintlanu:

• North-Eastern Region. Ise somfula Rio Bravo del Norte.
• Tampico Tuxpan. Ngaphambili, le ndawo yaba loovimba acebe. Ingakumbi indawo owaziwayo Poza Rica kunye ulwalwa lekalika Upper.
• Verakus.
• South. Ekufuphi kunxweme Tabasco, Campeche. Ngubani kuthatha indawo yokuqala koovimba oyile.
• Yucatán.

coking amalahle

indawo Main gesi - Sabinas isitya. Phantse zonke iidipozithi ezinkulu kuphelela neetyuwa kwexesha Cretaceous.

sulphur

iidipozithi Isalfure-ethwala zivalelwe ukuba iphondo Gulf of Mexico. Isulfure wasekwa ngenxa yerhasi mlilo, kufutshane Teuantepekskim kwisiqwenga somhlaba. On oovimba ezimbiwa Mexico yenye yeendawo zokuqala ehlabathini.

Igolide, isilivere, nezentsimbi ekrwada polymetallic

ezifana luncedo eMexico, ezifana negolide, isilivere kunye nezentsimbi ekrwada, zisoloko kunye. Belt skarn metal asuka ukusuka emntla ukuya mpuma. Iqala imali enkulu zobhedu, isilivere (kwisithili Cananea). Emva koko i 'amaqhina "yesibambiso zegolide, isilivere kunye ores polymetallic. Ezi iidipozithi ezifana El Potosi, Zacatecas.

mercury

iidipozithi metal eziye zafunyanwa kwimimandla mlilo yakutshanje. Iidipozithi: El Oro, Taxco, Mineral del Monte, Uintsuko.

ayoni

Olu hlobo yezimbiwa lidla wafunyanwa kwistibhiya kunye titanium ores. Imimandla zizityebi izimbiwa izifaka, hayi kangako, kodwa ke idlala indima ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho. Iidipozithi: Manzanillo, Durango.

grafayithi

Caphula ikakhulu kwiphondo Sonora. Kuye kwasekwa ngenxa ifuthe intrusions granitoid kwi ezivuzayo kwamalahle.

fluorite

11% yazo zonke isitokhwe le izimbiwa buzinze eMexico. Iidipozithi: Sakualpan, La Barra, Guadalajara, Pyle, Aguachile, San Marcos, kunye nabanye.

Le izimbiwa luncedo eziphambili eMexico - yiyo lweentlobo nje kuphela okhankanywe apha ngasentla, kodwa ezifana gypsum, rock ityuwa, lube yihakinto, kwiteksti.

Kutheni Mexico sisityebi kwizimbiwa? Impendulo elifutshane: ngenxa ubukho izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zejoloji kweli lizwe, izenzo mlilo kakhulu. Ngoko ke, akukho enokufunyanwa izixa ezahlukeneyo phantse zonke izimbiwa. Ezinye zezi izimbiwa kunye namatye zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho. Umzekelo, isilivere, isalfure, fluorite kunye namafutha.

Indawo omkhulu kwilizwe ezifana Mexico, iimpawu kwendawo, iiminerali, ubutyebi bembali - konke oku kwenza ilizwe owahlukileyo unrepeatable.