Isixhobo somgangatho kwindlu yesakhelo: ukuhlaziywa kwezinto ezikhoyo

Nangona ungumntu ode kakhulu kwinqanaba lokwakha, ngoko kufuneka uqaphele ukuba ngaphandle komgangatho ophantsi komgangatho, ukuhlala kukhululekile kakhulu. Oku kusebenza ezindlwini zezinto ezahlukeneyo. Ayikho ikhefu kunye nokwakhiwa kwesakhelo. Ukuba uxhobisa ngokufanelekileyo isakhiwo somgangatho, ngoko unako ukugcina ukushisa kwangaphakathi, kwaye udale inkxaso enokuthenjelwa eya kwandisa ubomi besakhiwo iminyaka emininzi.

Ukuze kunikwe amandla okwakhiwa, kuyimfuneko ukudala umgangatho onzima, oya kwenza njengesiseko seengubo zokugqibela.

Iimpawu zoyilo lwesantya

Ukuba uya kufaka umgangatho kwisakhiwo seprojekthi, inyathelo lokuqala kukudala umshicileli omnyama, omele ube njengento ephathekayo njengoko kunokwenzeka, isicatshulwa kwaye inokwethenjelwa. Ekugqibeleni, isambatho sinokubeka, umzekelo, i-stratter. Umsebenzi oyintloko woyilo oluza kubakho ukusabalalisa ngokufanayo umthwalo phezu komhlaba. Ngoko unako ukuphelisa ukubonakala kweentsimbi kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kweengubo zokugqibela. Isixhobo somgangatho kwisakhiwo seprogram singenziwa kwii-teknoloji ezininzi, kodwa ezithandwa kakhulu kwaye ziyiyo namhlanje ziyi-lags, i-screed eyomileyo emhlabathini okanye isikolo esinyeneyo emhlabathini.

Amanqanaba okumisa umgangatho onzima kumagodo

Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokusebenzisa ubuchule obubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwamagodo, ngoko umsebenzi ungenziwa kwiinqanaba eziliqela. Le miba imivalo engaphendulwanga, ekhoyo kwi-overlap okanye emhlabathini. Ukulungelelaniswa kwazo kufuneka kwenziwe kwinqanaba apho kuya kugqitywa khona. Ukwenza oku, ungasebenzisa i-ax. Ukhuni lukhusela izinto ezinobundlobongela kunye nezinambuzane, apho ubuso bezinto eziphathekayo ziphathwa ngokubunjwa kwe-antiseptic.

Ukuba uya kubeka izigodo kwi-overlap, ke kwisithsaba esiphezulu seendonga kufuneka usike iiprooves apho izitopu ezicwangcisiweyo ziza kubeka khona. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, iilagi zifakwe kwiinkxaso zitena, eziqinisa inkqubo kunye nokwandisa ubomi besakhiwo. Xa ukufakela okukrakra kwenziwa kwisiseko, umhlaba uphelelwe ngoloya we-2 cm wetshe echotshoziweyo, ekufuneka ihlanganiswe. Izigxobo zifakwe kwiipalo zenkxaso eziphakanyisiwe kwisiseko, kwaye ukukhuselwa kwabo kumanyanisiweyo kuya kwandisa ubomi besakhiwo.

Ukubhekisela

Isixhobo somgangatho kwindlu yesakhelo sinokuqhutywa kwaye sisuka kwi-plywood esekelwe kwi-lags. Olu khetho luya kuba luhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwaye lubonakaliswe ukuzinza nokusebenza. Ukukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza izinto ezijikeleze umjikelezo, kufuneka ubeke iibhloko ezincinci, apho kufuneka kwenziwe khona isikratshi somthi. Iiplani zeplywood zichanekile ngeentlobo ezikhethekileyo okanye izipikili, umgama phakathi okumele ube malunga nama-150 mm.

Emva kokugqitywa kwale mi sebenzi, kunokwenzeka ukuba uqale ukubeka izinto zokufakela ukushisa njenge-wool yamaminerali okanye i-substrate phantsi kwe-stratter.

Ukudala iingubo ezinqabileyo ngesiseko se-screed wet

Ukuba uza kuqhutyelwa ukufakwa komgangatho kwisakhiwo seprogram, kuya kwenzeka ukuba usebenzise iteknoloji yesikhombi somanzi phantsi komhlaba. Le nkqubo ayisoloko ikhethwayo ngesizathu sokuba umgangatho womgangatho uya kufuneka uhlale usomile ngokupheleleyo, oya kuthatha iiveki ezimbalwa. Umhla wokugqibela uya kuxhomekeka kwiimeko zemozulu. Namhlanje, iindlela ezimbini ze-screed ezimanzi ziyaziwa, enye yazo ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-sement slurry, ngelixa elinye liyi-filler floor. Indlela eqhelekileyo yokudala isiseko esinjalo kukusetyenziswa kwe-brand ye-brand M-250.

Ngenxa yoko, kunokwenzeka ukufumana indawo epholileyo ngenxa yokubandakanywa kwezithako ze-polymer. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, zinika ingubo yokunyamezela ukunyanzeliswa kwengqondo. Ubunzima beli nkqubo bunokuhluka ukusuka kwi-30 ukuya kwi-100 mm. I-screed ifanele ibe yongezwa kwakhona ngezinto zetsimbi.

Umsebenzi wokulungiselela

Isixhobo somgangatho onzima kwisakhiwo seprojekthi singenziwa yindlela yokupakisha isikolo somanzi. Kwinqanaba lamalungiselelo, kulo mzekelo, isiseko kufuneka sihlanjululwe ngokususa i-debris, izinto zangaphandle kunye nentlaka.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo kukungenwa kwamanzi kwefilimu ye-polyethylene, kunye ne-perimeter kufuneka ufake i-tape eya kuhlawulela ukunyuka komzimba komxube. Ukuba ubuso bunomlinganiselo kumgama ovela kwi-2 ukuya kwi-4 mm, kufuneka ufake ii-bhakoni eziqinisekisa indawo epheleleyo emva kokuthululela.

Izindlela zomsebenzi

Xa ukufakwa komgangatho wendlu yesakhelo kwisiseko sombhobho kwenziwa, isinyathelo esilandelayo kukunyusa umxube kwaye uyisebenzise, ukulinganisa ibha ekhethekileyo. Ukusuka kwamabhulebhu aphuma emoyeni kufuneka alahlekise inaliti, kwaye ukutshitshiswa kushiywe ukuma malunga nenyanga. Emva kokuba umgangatho unamandla, unokuwusebenzisa njengesiseko esiqhekezayo sokubeka nayiphi na ingubo yokugqiba, kuquka iileyile zetriyam, i-linoleum, iiplanga zeparate okanye i-laminate.

Iingcebiso zengcali

Kungcono ukuxhobisa umgangatho wokugcwalisa, oya kuba ngumgangatho onzima, xa ukulinganisa umgangatho kunye nomthamo ofikelela kwi-30 mm kuyadingeka. Nangona kunjalo, kunqatshelwe ukuba usebenzise loo mxube emhlabathini, ekubeni ukubunjwa kudinga ubukho bomhlaba oqinileyo, umzekelo umkhwa wekhonkrithi.

Izinto eziphathekayo kufuneka zikhuseleke kumswakama, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukubeka ifilimu yokukhusela amanzi. Ubungakanani bayo bunokuhluka ukusuka kwi-1 kuya kwi-2 mm. I-teknoloji yokubeka isisombululo esinjalo ifana nesicatshulwa esichazwe ngasentla, kodwa ubuninzi bomhlaba bunomileyo ngokukhawuleza, kwaye umsebenzi oza kuqhubeka emva kweentsuku ezili-10.

Umgangatho kwindlu yesakhelo kwiiplanga

Isakhiwo somgangatho wesakhiwo sefreyimu kwiipilisi zefreyibhi ziya kunika ukusetyenziswa kwebhar, isitishi okanye i-I-bor. Umsebenzi unokwenziwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokusekwa kwesiseko. Ukubambisa, ungasebenzisa iiplanga zokhuni, apho izikhonkwane zifakwe khona. Ubude bexesha leemigangatho akufanele lidlule kwizinga leemitha ezintathu. Ukuba ububanzi bukhulu kunalolu xabiso, kufuneka udibanise ukusebenzisa i-pylon inkxaso. Imimandla, i-cross-section ye-100 mm iyacetyiswa, njengoko izinto eziphathekayo zisetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa komthi we-coniferous.

Ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa kokubanjwa, kuyimfuneko yokwenza ukungena kwamanzi kwe-substrate ngoncedo lwe-ruberoid, ifilimu ye-polyethylene okanye i-foam foil. Xa ukufakwa komgangatho kwisakhiwo seprojekthi kwinqanaba, emva kokufaka iiplanga, unokuqhubeka nokubeka igogi. Umgama phakathi kwezi zinto kufuneka ube yi-500 mm. Ukusetyenziswa kweeplogi zokuqala emagqabini, i-cross cross section of which should be 250 mm. Nangona isakhiwo sesibini somgangatho we-70x200 mm sifanelekile. Ukuba i-spans ayincinci, ingakumbi ngamagumbi okuhlambela kunye namagumbi okuhlambela, i-cross-section of stams iyancitshiswa ibe yi-50x150 mm.

Ukuze ukwandise amandla esakhiwo, umgama phakathi kwelagi ungancitshiswa ube ngu-40 cm. Ngaphambi kokubeka i-lag, kuyimfuneko ukwenza uphawu oluya kumisela umgama phakathi kwezinto. Kwinqanaba elilandelayo kwibhar ye-strapping kuyimfuneko yokwenza ama-grooves kunye nobubanzi beemitha. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba i-lags ibekwa kwiindawo zokurhoxiswa, ziyakwazi ukulungiswa ngamagqabi, izixhobo zokuzibamba, izipikili okanye izikhonkwane.

Xa ukufakwa komgangatho kwindlu yesakhelo kuqhutyelwa, ifoto icetyiswa ukuba iqwalaselwe kwangaphambili. Mhlawumbi oku kuya kukuvumela ukuba uqonde indlela yokwenza umsebenzi. Ngendlela ekhankanywe ngasentla ingaqatshelwa ukuba ukusuka kumzantsi ukuya kwiingcingo zenziwe ngamabhodi eekwere zecala kunye necandelo lama-30 mm. Ukuze kwandiswe amandla okwakhiwa komgangatho, iiplanga ziyahlanganiswa ngamagqabi, umgama phakathi kwabo ngu-150 cm. Nangona kunjalo, le mqathango ayikho imfuneko.

Ukufudumeza komgangatho kwisitofu

Ukuba uthe wagqiba ukwakhiwa kwendlu yesakhelo, njengesiseko apho i-slab imi khona, ke ixesha lokuqala ukusebenza kumgangatho ofudumeleyo. I-substrate kufuneka ihlambuluke kwaye iyomile, kwaye umlinganiselo ophezulu wokuphakama kwemilinganiselo awufanele ube ngaphezu kwe-0.5 cm. Ngaphandle koko, ukungalingani kufuneka kutyunjwe. Kule nto, ngamanye amaxesha ukhonkco lobunjani obuphantsi usetyenziswa.

Xa ukufakwa komgangatho kwindlu yesakhelo kwi-slab kwenziwa, isinyathelo esilandelayo kukubeka ukukhutshwa kwamanzi ukuze kusebenze indima yesithintelo somphunga. Ukwenza oku, ungasebenzisa ifilimu ye-polyethylene. Ukugqithwa kwendwangu kufuneka ibe malunga no-12 cm, kwaye iifowuni zihlanganiswe ne-tape yokubambelela. Kubalulekile ukubeka ubungqingili obunqamlekileyo bokubambisa, okuya kuphelisa ukulahleka kobushushu. Izinto ezibonakalayo eziphambili ziyi-penofol. Ukwakhiwa komgangatho ofudumeleyo kwindlu yesakhelo kwisigaba esilandelayo kubandakanya ukubeka umbhobho, othe wathululelwa ngekriti efanayo .