Isivatho Russian: ukuzoba. Isivatho Ukrainian

Njengaye nawuphi lobuciko yamandulo, nezidanga na iingcambu zawo. It is a ubuchule ukudlulisa umoya labantu. Uqhuba line zembali, nolubonise nomqondo yesizwe. Ngoko ke, yintoni ngoku art zokuhomba?

Yintoni na ipateni

Njengoko igama elithi "ipateni" sidibana kaninzi yaye ngokuqhelekileyo ucinga ukuba ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo intsingiselo yalo. Kodwa kwenzeka, akukho ilula kakhulu. Kakade ke, nezidanga - ukuzoba eyenziwe ngendlela ekhethekileyo kwi nawuphi na umgangatho. Kodwa apho safumana ilizwi? Kubonakala ukuba avela ornamentum Latin, gama elo elithetha "uhombiso." Kulo mfanekiso liye lasetyenziswa ngokubanzi xa izacholo zamandulo iimpahla, izixhobo, izincedisi nendlu, amalaphu aqhelekileyo. Esondele kule kota nangoku efanelekileyo igama lweenkobe Russian "ipateni." Xa kuthelekiswa, indlela zokuhomba phantse izandi ngokwenzululwazi, kodwa ibinzana ungumfanekiso kakuhle eli tyala. Enyanisweni, ekupeyinteni Ukuphindaphindwa ezininzi yomlinganiselo ngolandelelwano ethile.

I wonder into enye: indlela West zokuhomba akujongwa umsebenzi eyahlukileyo zobugcisa, kunokuba libhekisela kuphela wesimeli. Ngelo xesha, eRashiya kude kwinkulungwane ye-19, ezi patheni zange nje imeko izacholo, kodwa waba intsingiselo ekhethekileyo oyinqaba.

Ngokomzekelo, kwakukholelwa ukuba indlela ethile zokuhomba kwi impahla nga sizikhusele koomoya abangendawo izinto ezimbi - indlala, iintshaba, ababuleweyo ngekrele okanye kukufa ... Ngoko ke, ezi patheni zenziwa nangononophelo olukhulu kunye ngqo. Nokuba iinkosi abazange ncam ukuqonda ixabiso abayila imizobo, ukuba aphindaphindwe ngokweenkcukacha oko ilifa langaphambili.

Kakade ke, imizobo, uyilo, iiphatheni - yinxalenye yenkcubeko yamandulo Russian, bayinyusa izizukulwana ezininzi baseRashiya. Ekuqaleni kwale art ebuyela kumaxesha amandulo, elide kangaka, oko kukuthi ngenxa ukuba, xa ezelwe sisakhono, oko nje akunakwenzeka.

meaning zobuhlalu

Imizobo, uyilo, iipateni, ingakumbi abo baye beza kuthi evela kudala, uthethe nembonakalo nezithethe zabantu eziqaphelekayo bamandulo. Kulo mzekelo, yonke into eyenziwe lobugcisa bamandulo akazange uphindaphindo nje yokugaya imiyalelo. nto ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane lokugqibela kwabakho isiko elibizwa ngokuba schitok oko. Yaba kukuba iinkosi abaselula bazisa umsebenzi wabo kwidolophana endala oyimfakamfele womluki ukulungiselela iindibano ezikhethekileyo. Apha amantombazana sithetha iinkcukacha malunga nento kuma ezimfakamfele, ngaloo ndlela enikezela, "uvavanyo" okhethekileyo.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, i zejiyometri ipatheni-umzobo ixesha ikuchaza kakuhle isimanga ingqiqo kwabantu kwala maxesha. Ngokukodwa, omnye isimboli ixhaphakileyo yaba swastika! Kucingwa uphawu wenzala, luphawu mijikelo yendalo.

Namhlanje, solid "Hitlerism" kwi izivatho yamandulo inokuba ndabanda abaninzi. Kodwa ke amandla okukwazi lo mqondiso uphezulu kakhulu. Ngoko ke, njengoko bathi, amazwi ingoma akakwazi ukuzicima!

Ngezihombo kunye neepateni kwi izitya. Khokhloma

Ngemihla yakudala kummandla Lower iVolga kwakukho esikweni ukuba bapeyinte iipateni ezintsonkothileyo iimpahla ngamaplanga. Okokuqala inkosi makasilele izitya, neendebe neenkamba of alder. Ke izitya ziphathwa ngendlela ekhethekileyo, waziqaba iipatheni ukuvelisa kwiziko tempering. weza ke yayingeyiyo Russian Khokhloma. "Bonisa" lwayo kukuba impahla lukhuni kunye neepatheni kulo ufumana bezinto eyodwa yegolide, ezazinika iimveliso engaqhelekanga festive somthi kunye nenkangeleko eninzi.

Kule mihla, hohloma, ingakumbi ezenziwe baziinkosi besiza Russian, into eninzi kunene into kwimarike yehlabathi. Abathengi abavela kumazwe akude kube badumisa yobuciko zobugcisa Russian enokusebenziseka.

Uyilo Isivatho Ukrainian neepatheni

isithethe Isivatho Ukrainian nayo isekelwe ngamakhoboka. Ngokwesiqhelo kusetyenziswa njengesiseko iindonga zezindlu, impahla kunye nezinye izinto. Kule ndlela iqulathe imiqondiso zobuhedeni ziyakubaluleka engcwele ekhethekileyo. Ngale ndlela, umdla okhethekileyo bafumana ngamakhubalo - ayiqabe iipateni ezikhethekileyo yokhuselo, intsingiselo ngqo apho nje ezimbalwa wayesazi.

Noko ke, ekuhambeni kwexesha, kunye noyilo baqalisa ukuba ungene nje yezandla zokuzikhusela, kodwa ezinye izinto.

imifuziselo Ukrainian zokuhomba

Abalinganiswa abaphambili kule kwezihombo aba umfanekiso kwelanga kunye namanzi. Kwaye nje kwenzeka. Ilanga njengento uphawu babantu. Amanzi, njengokuba unina zonke izinto eziphilayo - amabhinqa. La macandelo mabini uyakwazi ukunika ihlabathi ubomi obutsha. Yiloo nto le uhombiso kwakujongwa umnqweno ukufumana iqabane umphefumlo wakho okanye ukomeleza i ekhoyo ukuzalwa usapho komntwana ukupha.

, Imizobo ayesoloko wenza yokomfuziselo kakhulu xa sithetha yokuhombisa Ukrainian. Ezibaluleke kakhulu yaba umfanekiso neentaka. Le mifanekiso Babonakalisa umphefumlo womntu. Kodwa namahobe okanye lokhozi e izivatho Ukrainian imele abathandi Abaxhobele ukwenza isibini.

Petrikov yokudweba

Petrikov ukupeyinta yenye yezi ntlobo ngongcono owaziwayo kwaye ziqhelekileyo zobugcisa ornamented Ukrainian. Igama layo livela elalini Petrikovka kwingingqi Dnipropetrovsk, apho kwakukho iingcibi zezona ngcali zinetalente kwimeko. Basaqhubeka iimfihlelo yamandulo.

"Petrikovka", njengoko babiza olu hlobo art ngumzekelo zokuhombisa kunye zokuhomba lobuciko. Kudala-dala kuphela iindonga ipeyintwe zezindlu, kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha, yokunika imbeko ngendlela entsha kunye nesicelo abathengi ', inkosi yaqala ukuhombisa iintlobo zasendlini, enyanisweni, zizenza izinto zokuhombisa. Ngoko ke, Petrikov painting ingafunyanwa kwi ezifubeni, izixhobo zomculo womthonyama zomculo, iitawuli nezinto smocks. hay Ngaphezu koko, waziqaba kunye sleigh!

Ndimele ndithi Petrikov ukupeyinta Ayikho enye uhlobo zobugcisa zokuhombisa, yaye yabonisa ukuthambekela kutshanje. Kwazeka ezisetyenziswa kakhulu emzimbeni. Le meko iye sinwenwile ngohlobo sisikolo semfundo eneemfuno ezizodwa zobugcisa kunye iinkosi zawo nezithethe.

Ukongeza, namhlanje ubuchwepheshe yakwazi ukubuyisela porcelain ukupeyinta, iglasi, kunye nabanye abaninzi, ekuqaleni, ayifanelekanga ukuba isetyenziselwe izinto zobuhlalu.

Ekugqibeleni, siphawula ukuba kwezihombo Russian kwaye Ukrainian nangona eziliqela iimpawu zibonisa ngokubanzi umphefumlo olunye abantu Slavic - kungakhathaliseki ilizwe labo yabaninizo zokuhlala.