Isimboli LED kwi sekethe

Umdla ukubona indlela emangalisayo ubugcisa isantya enye. kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu edluleyo, siye lanelisekile ngokupheleleyo bombane, nesetyenziswa, nje imoto, kwindawo ethile ebaphazamisayo, kunye nesezantsi isantya, izindlu uNothozamile ngaphandle ukuvuselela. Kodwa umntu okwenziwe kangangokuba esoloko ukulwela into ugqibeleleyo, kwaye ngoku phantse yonke indawo wobomi kuxhomekeke maxesha rhoqo. Iphathwayo, le nkqubo kwakhona ukubonisa kunye neenkqubo izibane. Ngoko ke, siza izixhobo semiconductor phambili ngakumbi ukubuyisela izibane ezingqengezelayo - LED.

crystal esikhupha

Imbali ukusetyenziswa semiconductors ukuqala abadala esebenzisa izibane E-hlobo. AS Popov, lowo uthathwa ukuba Umsunguli irediyo, sifuna ngokusebenzisa isixhobo semiconductor elula, ubukho namaza erediyo. Popov diode lokuqala (kakutsha) iye yasekwa ukusuka chip semiconductor ilungiswe kumnini, kwaye umfowunelwa nomthombo a Tungsten etsolo okanye ngentsimbi. Le zomfowunelwa wayama kwindawo semiconductor, yaye ngokuxhomekeke yokudibanela ukuba kufunyanwa transceiver uphawu kakhulu ecacileyo.

Ukukwazi ziikristale ezithile ukuze kukhutshwe ukukhanya nomsinga wafunyanwa kamva,-ndenzile, kodwa ayizange isetyenziswe ngexesha lokuqala practice. Ngoku, ke, ii-LED ezisetyenziswa kakhulu nezixhobo ezizodwa, kwaye kubomi bemihla ngemihla.

Yintoni LED, indlela abukele kwitshathi?

iintlobo LED ebizwa semiconductor element ukuba sikhethekileyo yikristale ukuze kukhutshwe ukukhanya phantsi kwempembelelo sikagesi therethrough oludlulayo yangoku. Le effect ayikho kwaphela semiconductors, kodwa kuphela abo apho kwinkqubo recombination of elektroni nasemingxunyeni kuphuma amandla lwenzeka kwi kumqolo optical. LED njenge diode eqhelekileyo, a PN-okuhlangana kunye udlula ngoku kwicala elinye kuphela.

A feature of LED njengoko isixhobo ukukhanya esikhupha kukuba ekhululwe ufaka ukukhanya ngqo. Oku izahlule izibane ezingqengezelayo, nto leyo eyenzeka kuqala zokufudumeza ezijikeleze ukuya kwiqondo elithile, okanye nezibane halogen kunye isiphumo ionization. Ilahleko ye-eneji kwi ilight-esikhupha ukufumana.

Ngokwemo, kwi zeendawana LED ziye nala iitheminali yikristale ukuba uqhagamshelwano isekethe yombane kunye yezindlu, nto leyo ngaxeshanye inkqubo optical. ukutyunjwa LED kwinkqubo kukho ibinzana ethile graphic, ebhodini electronic ke zibonakaliswe ngekhowudi okhethekileyo.

Into LED, nendlela oku kubonakala ukuveza kwayo etshatini?

LED likhipha ukukhanya, le njongo yayo. Kwaye kwi-oganogram iboniswe ngokucacileyo iintolo ezimbini evela element. Ukusetyenziswa ifowuni ifumene ebanzi kakhulu:

• ukubonisa ezahlukeneyo. Okuhlaba umkhosi ukubandakanywa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo bezixhobo zombane besebenzisa izinto ezahlukeneyo. iqela izixhobo ezisetyenziswa ukubonisa yedijithali, apho kwilungu ngalinye LED udlala indima amanani okanye oonobumba. Isimboli LED kwi wesekethe zifakiwe kwi qela, akayi kuba ngokwahlukeneyo nganye, kwaye iqela liphela kubonakaliswa ngokohlobo ngesalathisi kunye nesebe kunye inani labafowunelwa.
• Ukukhanyisa yokuhlala, uluntu kunye nezoshishino.
• Njengenxalenye izikrini usasazo yangaphandle, ngokunjalo ukwenza ebonakalayo isicatshulwa.
• I optocouplers. LED isikhundla idayagramu kule meko zincediswa kunye element image photodetector.
• Iinkqubo ifayibha-optic. Apha, i-LED asebenze radiators lencinibakazi optical modulated.
• Kukhanyisa wamanzi akhazimlayo screen.
• Design kunye noshishino zokuzonwabisa.

Iimpawu zemizobo zibhekisela semiconductor

imigangatho yobugcisa kunye nemimiselo elawula ukonyulwa LED kwi wesekethe. GOST 2.702-2011 ubeka:

• Ukuyichazela LED kunye nezinye izinto beesekethe esebenzisa izinto zokuzoba, okanye nge-elektroniki. Kulo mzekelo, i yokugqibela khetho ukuba unesisombululo ubuncinane 300dpi kwaye ziquka i tif ulwandiso okanye ifayile bmp.
• I-LED yindlela yokusebenza oganogram njenge diode eqhelekileyo livalelwe kwisangqa. Ngaphezu inxalenye ephezulu lasekunene achazwe apha zilungiswe iintolo ezimbini ngaxeshanye, osusela ilungu isiseko kwi-engile ekunene phezulu.
• LED Kufuphi ibonisa ikhowudi yakhe oluza.
• Enoba njani LED kwi wesekethe, kunye ezichaseneyo kwicala elinye okanye elinye okanye kwi-engile, ulwalathiso utolo kuhlala ingatshintshanga.
• Imveliso evela kwi oonxantathu kwi mzobo limele anode (+) kunye nomgca nkqo - a cathode (-).
• I-LED kwi wesekethe inombolo yayo serial number. Iinombolo uya ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene, phezulu ukuya ezantsi.

LED - wokwephuka isiqu

abizwa LED kwi itshathi kwenza kube lula ukufumanisa ezichaseneyo, kodwa ukufumanisa kwi kwento ezisanda kuthengwa, kufuneka ujonge qha yakhe. HIV terminal anode ngokubanzi kubude ngaphezu cathode.

Ukuba LED imvelaphi inyuselwa khona ebhodini, yaye yena, ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, Akukho iziqalelo zokumakisha, ezichaseneyo le semiconductor icaciswa, uhlolisise umzimba wakhe. Ukususela ecaleni cathode (terminal negative) emzimbeni abe imilo inotshi flat. Kwakhona, uhlobo indawo ngaphaya LED wabona nezibilini zayo. Ukufana indebe, apho ibekwe nj semiconductor, inobudlelwane ngqo cathode.

Kwimeko apho akunakwenzeka ukuba ukujonga ezichaseneyo kwezi ndlela, kodwa kukho kukho multimeter elektroniki, ungasebenzisa ngayo. Thatha diode eqhelekileyo wokwephuka ezaziwayo ukunika ukuqhubeka kwifowuni ukusebenza uze uqhagamshele ukuya semiconductor. Ukugcinwa ezichaseneyo xa diode uqhuba yangoku. LED eqhagamshelwe schupam yokulinganisa. Qinisekisa ukuba uqhuba ngoku, qaphela wokwephuka.

I-LED ebhodini

Xa ibhodi indibano yesiphaluka eprintiweyo radiomontazhniki inkqubo kwaye incazelo uluhlu lweziqalelo. Ngokwale uluhlu elinemibala efakiwe ichaza udidi iinombolo kunye nezikhundla phezu wesekethe. Kukho imiqondiso nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe ebhodini, ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwizixhobo amazwe.

Ukonyulwa lebhodi iLED yimilo lwemifanekiso graphic, encoding yokoqobo kunye namanani. I iziboniso yokuqala semiconductors eziphambili polar, oonobumba zibonisa uhlobo yesixhobo kunye nenombolo - inani lothotho kwiskimu kunye kuluhlu.

A notation womzobo eziplangeni wesekethe LED efanayo nomfanekiso walo kumzobo, kodwa awamlingene achazwe apha ehlabathini icon diode. Nezwi khowudi lwenziwa oonobumba abakhulu - LED (scheme ngaphandle) kunye HL (domestic). Le inani eliza emva oonobumba okanye ezantsi. Ngaphandle inani akunakwenzeka ukuba ukumisela Ipharamitha semiconductor ukuba ibhodi ayibonisi i ngaphandle esinqabileyo.

LED uphawu

boonobumba LED kwi scheme (marking) unalo lonke ulwazi malunga iimpawu isixhobo ethile semiconductor. Ukumakishwa iqulethe bekuthi abalinganiswa, ngoko ke ingathotyelwanga phezu kwezindlu kunye akhokele beesekethe okanye kumqulu ayikho izinto soldered. Ii-LED kule anombala zokupaka jiko, zona iisimboli zokumakisha. Uku kubonisa:

• Uthotho iimveliso.
• Umbala ukukhanya LED. ilight-esikhupha Modern zimhlophe, oluhlaza, obomvu, oluhlaza, o-orenji, omthubi.
• Umgangatho Umbala kwemali. Umzekelo, i-LED ukukhanyisa endlwini okanye esitalatweni, izixhobo ukubonisa, ukukhanyisa, ngokuba umfanekiso matrices.
• uhlobo lens. Kukho izixhobo ukukhanya-kwelifu kunye radiation ejolise kunye lens angqukuva, oluselubala yaye zimnyama.
• output Light.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ombane.
• ukuchongwa ikhowudi umenzi. It has akukho umthwalo practical.
• iisimboli reserve. Abavelisi sebehamba ukuba loyamano izinto kunokwenzeka.

Akukho umgangatho othile ukuze kophawu LED, ngoko umenzi nganye encoding yayo. Khumbula ukuba akwenzeki, kodwa abenzi ezinkulu le mveliso kwi bathengi kakhulu. Phakathi kwazo kukho iinkampani ezifana Philips, Cree kunye Samsung.

isiphelo

Ukongeza LED eziqhelekileyo kunye isikhonkwane, apho SMD-LED kunye pads. Bona yayimfutshane ngesithomo. Ileta nokonyulwa LED ukuba chwetheza Scheme twatse ne-LED-elements, kodwa ibhodi lula kwaye idla ngokuba ncinane ukuya ebonisa ezichaseneyo.