Isibeleko oonomeva: inkcazelo, imilinganiselo. ngoonomeva indlwane. Into eyingozi ukuba oonomeva indoda

Man engqongwe ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana. Ngoonomeva ngokugqibeleleyo eziqhelekileyo kuthi, kodwa abantu bangenzi njengazo. Le isinambuzane ibangela uloyiko kwaye ngamanye amaxesha uvalo ikukudandatheka. Oku uyakwazi ukuhlasela indoda buhlungu ulwamvila yakhe. Oonomeva ityhefu kungabangela sokungamelani namachiza okanye nezidlo, kwaye buluma ezininzi kunokuba ezibulalayo. Kwimeko apho bothukile anaphylactic kuyimfuneko ukuba uncedo lwezonyango ngoko nangoko. Kwangaxeshanye, oonomeva kuluncedo. Aba bantu - bezakhiwo nabakhi ezintle! Umbuzo nto na kuwo.

Ngoonomeva - izinambuzane zentlalo

Abantu babizwa Pirates. Amanye amagama - "corsairs ezinamaphiko", "Flying Tigers". Nantsi ke ngoonomeva yokuhlela begazi:

• udidi ezinambuzaneni (Insecta);
• kwecala Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera);
• usapho skladchatokrylyh noonomeva amaphepha (Vespidae).

Ihlabathi iqulathe ezingamashumi amathathu iintlobo ngoonomeva kunye ohlobo ezininzi. Kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu bephantsi wokhuseleko karhulumente. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, eJamani ngenxa yokwaphuka iindlwane zezi zinambuzane na isohlwayo kwi-owuva ye-50. Euro. Live European oonomeva amathanga ezininzi okanye iintsapho ezibandakanya: ababhinqileyo, amadoda kunye nabantu abasebenza. Ekupheleni kuka-Agasti - ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba, inani kungaba ukufikelela units 400-800.

Le ntsapho ababhinqileyo eziliqela, kodwa oonomeva ukumkanikazi elinye kuphela. Kulo mzekelo, ukuthintela ukusukelwa baza bawabeka aqhamileyo amaqanda nezinye iimazi eziphambili kukhupho isibeleko ivumba ezizodwa (pheromone), kwaye secondary walala unfertilized, apho kuphela drones aqandusele. Ngoonomeva ezinza e iindlwane yodongwe, sakhetha kuba umthi ezibuhlazarha ekhaya, beka uphahla ngeenxa zonke; ezindongeni. Sockets kwenziwa usebenzisa imithi namathe perezhovyvaya. Kwentwasahlobo yokuqala luqulathe isizukulwana ngoonomeva abasebenzi. Autumn - kuba amadoda kunye nabasetyhini. Ebusika kukho iisampulu Palsy kuphela. Ziyafukama.

ukukhutshwa European oonomeva utshabalalisa ziinyosi umvumbo. Enye indlela - oku umsantsa kubingelela imihlathi zakhe. Ukutya amarhamncwa izinambuzane ezahlukahlukeneyo, kuquka ebusuku. Catch The Iinyosi oonomeva ubulala ngoko nangoko kwaye yadika. Ukuncancisa ibele nexhoba uvelisa indlwane ukondla amantshontsho azo.

Emini, intsapho enkulu ezidla ezinamaphiko iyafika ku iigrem izinambuzane 500 okanye ngaphezulu. Egadini kunye ngoonomeva umyezo ziluncedo kakhulu!

Bona batya ijusi ineziqhamo zasehlotyeni, imithi kunye neentyatyambo incindi ifumaneka ngokulula.

kutya protein ifuna isibeleko ngokubasa - egg isimemezelo. Ngoonomeva phantse akukho ubuthongo, sisiqingatha kuphela umzuzu ukuba ngumkhenkce amaxesha malunga 20-25 ubusuku musa ukuhamba.

Ubukhulu kunye nenkcazo

Isiqingatha ngaphambili incum isibeleko etyheli. Intloko unalo umbala omnye. La makhonkco mabini zokuqala emnyama omdaka ngemivumbo etyheli, enye - ezimthubi namabala brown. Ukususela omise 25 ukuya kuma-35 ubude queen oonomeva. Ubungakanani amadoda kunye nabantu abasebenza ngaphantsi.

Xa wesibeleko kunye nabantu abasebenza babe ulwamvila - yinto ehla- iguqulwe kancinane. Phaya phezulu intloko emacaleni kukho ezilula ezintathu ezinkulu Amehlo aso. Baye nombala obomvu-orange oonomeva kunye liqatywe kufana unobumba S. The ukuluma Uhlobo izixhobo mayixhotyiswe mandibles kakhulu. Umzimba ligutyungelwe iinwele. Ukuze uphuhliso zamaqanda kunye amaqanda oonomeva ukumkanikazi ufuna ukutya zizityebi njengeprotini. Kuba silele yasebusika yimpumelelo ngo-Agasti - Septemba wesibeleko ngokugqithiseleyo Ndikhulise oluhlala-ebizwa ngokuba umzimba ngamanqatha.

Umjikelo wobomi yaye ingakumbi ubukho ngoonomeva entsapho

Entwasahlobo, ekupheleni kukaMeyi, emva kokuba ebekhe wazifihla wake esibelekweni. Yena owenza moya kwesimo befuna indawo kwisiseko kwindlwane. Ukufumana ezifanelekileyo, kwakha iiseli yokuqala ezinamacala kwaye incamathela kamva. Kungekudala, iseli ngalinye kuza kulibaziseka yi iqanda, emveni kweentsuku 8 apho imibungu ukuphuhlisa, kunye 12-15 kubo, ngenxa yokuba le milo ivela oonomeva.

Phambi kokuba kuqale lokuba zikhe ichaza queen oonomeva nangakumbi izalela amaqanda apho drones ukukhuhla okanye esibelekweni elizayo. Oku ilawulwa yi isidoda imbuyekezo.

Ngeminyaka yoo-Juni iya inxaxheba ekwakhiweni kwezi abantu abasebenza yentaka, kwaye yokumkanikazi iya kubeka amaqanda kuphela.

Ukusukela ngoSeptemba, kukho abantu abaselula. Ukususela ngelo xesha, ukumkanikazi oonomeva omdala kuye kungasiwaso. ikhono layo ukuba baphathe sinzima buthathaka amaqanda, kunye nalawo enziwe - kamva nje imizuzu embalwa zityiwa abasebenzi abafazi. Ngoko ke ukumkanikazi ushiya indlu bafe eneminyaka malunga omnye nonyaka.

abaqeshwa ababhinqileyo iintombi zinikwa eyimpumelelo into eyindoda. Ukufunxa isixa esikhulu protein carbohydrate, ukumkanikazi mfana igcinwa loovimba eziyimfuneko ukuze ebusika elide. imidumba abangafundanga zidliwa abasebenzi kunye drones.

Ekwindla ukusukelwa kwenzeka. unina Young izihlandlo eziliqela kungenziwa ivundiswe. Iinkunzi kufa emva kweeveki ezimbini. Isibeleko ayaqhama ukhangela ikhusi yasebusika ekhuselekileyo. Diapause kwenzeka.

Ekuqaleni November, ngabokugqibela kufa abantu zokusebenza. Xa semizi shwaka imiqondiso zobomi. Uninzi ookumkanikazi abatsha abayi kusinda ebusika.

Ngoonomeva - abakhi kunye nabayili

Xa azinze indlwane oonomeva kaThixo, izinambuzane ziquka iinkuni obolileyo. Oku kuxhomekeke ukuhlafuna nokuxuba kunye namathe. Iziyobisi ifunyenwe akha iseli. socket iqokobhe kakhulu kulo. Clay - naye namathe. umphezulu womisa i-analogue iphepha incence. Lo mbala ixhomekeka kuhlobo kweenkuni. Nest oku akusetyenziswa kunyaka wesibini. Emva ebusika, emthonjeni, isibeleko yindawo elula for yentaka elitsha. Kuba yophahla, yena ukhusela unyawo yakhe encinane. Wenza iseli kuqala. Ukwandiswa ikhaya isoloko livela phezulu phantsi, iibhondi nyaka uhlala emazantsi. indlwane A oonomeva enkulu iye imigangatho-6. Engqonge ezinkulu bafikelele ububanzi of kwisiqingatha semitha.

alamu

Kanye njengokuba ezinye izinambuzane, ngoonomeva bayakwazi kumanyanisa yonke yentaka kwaye lel utshaba self-yokuzikhusela. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu! Ukuziva ezisengozini, oonomeva iqala alarm pheromone. Le nto yenza ukuba abanye sokuhlaselwa. Akukho mfuneko ukubulala indlwane oonomeva-Aron. abahlaba umkhosi bayakwazi ukuze yonke intsapho ukuba impindezelo umoni.

Ekwenyukeni yokuhlasela unako ukukhonza iintlobo zezixhobo, iimpawu yemichiza ekwaziyo engena wawumdibanisa pheromone, kuquka impahla, ulusu, zinongwe ukuba ukutya.

oonomeva

Lesayensi Latin oonomeva - sinambuzane kummisela Vespa -. «Bukanomeva" Vespula - libonisa uhlobo yesiqhelo (ngokoqobo eliguqulelwa ngokuthi "osishka"). Ngesayensi, kukho kudidi ecacileyo kweentlobo ze izinambuzane, kodwa ebomini kukho neempikiswano lwahlule phakathi ngoonomeva ezinkulu nezinye abameli. Ezi noonomeva zincinane kwaye abe yellow eliqaqambileyo umbala omnyama, lo gama oonomeva - umbala izinambuzane mnyama.

Kukho Bukanomeva enkulu, ekuthiwa ngoonomeva. A indawo ekhethekileyo phakathi kwabo zinamabala Dolichovespula Maculata. Uhlala e North America. In IsiNgesi ibizwa ngokuba oonomeva Elinempandla-ababemi, ngoonomeva like this. It has a imivumbo abamnyama lwendlovu. Kungenzeka, ngoonomeva, oonomeva ebizwa ngenxa yomkhwa kwabo ekudaleni iindlwane emoyeni. Kunjalo kukho oonomeva Australian Abispa Ephippium - unombono Bukanomeva elinye.

Sebenzisa okanye wonke umonakalo?

Kule ncwadi eli hlathi oonomeva Ngokufuthi nje inja emdaka, ekufuneka bangabi namandla, njengoko odla ixolo obhityileyo. Ngenxa yale fomu zijonge amasebe emakhonkcweni zife. Le umonakalo, xa kuthelekiswa noko isicelo kwezinye izilwanyana zasendle, lisezantsi kakhulu. Egadini okanye yemifuno igadi kulungile ukuba indlwane oonomeva ngayo! Interesting Eneneni, imini enye intsapho enkulu izinambuzane karhataka unako ukutshabalalisa grams abangaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu, izinambuzane eziyingozi. Bona ukubamba ixhoba ephilileyo abafane uthabathe loo nenkqo!

Kodwa ke iintshaba ephambili zendalo kunye neenyosi eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza. Oonomeva enkulu adla namanye iingxilimbela angenela iindlwane inyosi ukuze banandiphe kwindawo yazo nobusi. Phakathi zamatyala aripotiweyo, amashumi amathathu ngoonomeva ezinkulu wabatshabalalisa 3 amawaka leenyosi kangangesiqingatha seyure .. Ngoonomeva bamoya ixhoba kunye imihlathi ezinamandla. nazo ziye Iinyosi zaphuhliswa iindlela zokhuseleko: carbon dioxide kunye nobushushu. Kanye kwi "bee ibhola" kunye lobushushu eliphezulu, wawubulala oonomeva toiler imizuzu elishumi. Ukongezelela, ibhola kabukhali kwandisa xi carbon dioxide.

Indlela ukuphelisa ngoonomeva ngesakhiwo?

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye oonomeva, ngoonomeva izithiyelo benza nzima yobusi okanye jam. Baqalisa ukuba nzima entwasahlobo ekuqaleni. Ngeli xesha, i oonomeva zibe lokuqala kokwakhiwa iindlwane zazo. Okokuqala ukuzihlolela zonke izakhiwo, ingakumbi neze watyelela.

iindlwane Found zinambuzane elinamandla itshizwe yaye emva koko isuswe ize itshiswe. Xa bakhulu - kunzima. zinambuzane olusebenzayo ityhefu izithiyelo inyama kunye nentlanzi okuthambile ukuba ngoonomeva idla ngokusetyenziswa ezikhulayo kwindawo. Bona zibekwe kwiindawo ukuba yomkhondo ezifuywayo. isinambuzane umgibe abadala wenza ezahlukeneyo mnandi, ingakumbi utywala inegwele okanye kvass.

Kutheni nendlela oonomeva eziyingozi

ayinabungozi kwe bee ubuhlungu umntu inkoliso iintlobo ngoonomeva. Emva ulwamvila inaliti ihlala inxeba. Kodwa lo sinambuzane sikwazi lel izihlandlo ezininzi. Iimpahla umxholo ityhefu ebulalayo kufuneka mandorotoksina phezulu boxinzelelo kunye izinto eziyityhefu ezibangela ukutshatyalaliswa ancedisana omzimba womntu.

Ukuba oonomeva sakhulula kakhulu ityhefu, kukho indlela kakhulu arhabaxa. Oonomeva ayingozi ebantwini? Ngovelwano eliphezulu kuvuna kunokuba nzima kakhulu. Ukuba izitofu ebemaninzi, njengoko ntoni xa kuphazanyiswa ngoonomeva yentaka, lunokubulala. Japan has a manani nolusizi: minyaka yonke, ukufumana yasitya oonomeva omkhulu, abantu abafayo engathi imashumi mane. Yad iintlobo Asia yityhefu kakhulu. YaseYurophu ezincinane ngamnye kwaye hayi nabungozi kakhulu. On kwisikali intlungu Schmidt intlungu kuba bengaphumelelanga oonomeva izinja ayimise ifana efanayo ukusuka Inyosi kwaye ibekwe kwinqanaba phakathi isikali, njengokuba obuphakathi namandla.

Njengomgaqo, oonomeva loyiko ebaxiweyo: ukuluma yayo lungena kunye nobungakanani yesinambuzane.