Isibane seDiode - ikamva lokukhanyisa?

Izididi zokukhanya zixhobo eziphantsi kwee-electroluminescent zixhobo eziphuma njengokukhanya njengama-electron adlula kwi-pn yokuhlangana. Ukukhanya kwesikhanyiso kubakho xa ukujova nge-pn-junction yabathwali abancinci. Iidisodes ziyakonwaba ngombane ohlala unyaka, oguquguqukileyo kunye nefuthe.

Isibane sesibhodi siqulethe i- anode kunye ne-cathode. I-anode yenzelwe ukutsala ii-electrons ezithumela i-cathode, i-voltage efanelekileyo isetyenziswa rhoqo kwi-anode. Xa kusetyenziswa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kagesi kwintetho yesibane, inkundla yombane iqulunqwe phakathi kwe-anode kunye ne-cathode, inceda ama-electron aphuma kwi-cathode (ezinjalo ii-electron zibizwa ngokuba zikhululekile) ukuya kwi-anode. Okwangoku, izibani ze-LED - eli lilo lithembiso eluthembisayo kakhulu yophuhliso lwezixhobo zokukhanyisa kunye nemithombo embane. Iibane ze-diode zithatha i-incandescent kunye ne-halogen izibane, ziqala ukudala ukhuphiswano nokulondoloza amandla.

Isibane sesibonakaliso sinokubaluleka kunye nokuphazamiseka. Inzuzo yalo enkulu kukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi. Ixesha elingaphantsi kweshumi elingaphantsi kwesibane se- incandescent, kwaye malunga nezihlandlo ezintathu eziphantsi kunelibane lesibane . Ukusetyenziswa okuncinci kwamandla kagesi kubangelwa ukuba amandla okhanyiso lwe-diode aphantsi.

Inzuzo yesibini yinkonzo ende ende yeeyure eziyi-100,000, okanye iminyaka eyi-11 yokuqhubela phambili. Inzuzo elandelayo: isibane se-diode ayinakulimala, ayiqukethe i-mercury kwaye kulula ukuyilahla. Ngenxa yokuba ngethuba lokusebenza, izibane ze-diode azikhange zifudumale, zithathwa njengomlilo, ngoko zingasetyenziselwa kwiindawo ezinomphunga wokungena umoya, umzekelo, kwisilwanyana esisimisiweyo. Ubuncedo beefowuni amandla abo aphezulu, abayikwesaba ukuwa ukusuka ekuphakameni, kwaye konke oku kubangelwe kwizixhobo ezivela kuzo.

Ukungalungi kwezibane ze-LED kungaphezulu kwezibonelelo. Umngcipheko omkhulu ngowona xabiso eliphezulu. Ngokomzekelo, izibane zemizi yasemakhaya enegunya lika-9-10 W liya kuhlawula i-ruble ka-2000, kunye nohlobo lweofisi (i-Armstrong ilityela)-ukusuka kuma-ruble ama-5000. Okwesibini ukungonakali: iiyure ezingama-100 000 zokuqhuba ngokuqhubekayo ezivakaliswe ngabavelisi ekusebenzeni kubonisa ubomi obuncinane bentsebenzo. Oku kubangelwa ukuba kukho impembelelo yokuchithwa kwee-crystals ze-LED. Kodwa ke, umenzi, unikezela isiqinisekiso kwimveliso yayo iminyaka emi-3-5. Ngenxa yokuba isibane se-diode sihlawula ngeminyaka emi-5, unokulahlekelwa yimali yakho. I-drawback elandelayo i-light-light light and a spectrum of luminescence.

Izibane ze-LED zifumene isicelo sazo kwimveliso yezimoto. Ukususela kuma-1990, ii-automakers ziye zaqala ukusebenzisa ii-LED kwizibane zecala, ukukhanyisa izibane, izikhombisi-ndlela, ukukhanya kwezinto zangaphakathi kunye nezixhobo zesebe, njl. Izibane ze-diode zineendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya: ezivela ebomvu ukuya kuluhlaza. Ngoku abaninzi abavelisi bakhiqiza ii-LED eziphezulu kwiimoto zemizekelo eyahlukileyo, oku kuvula amathuba amakhulu okulungisa imoto.