Inkqubo yezeejaji: ungenatyala. Izizathu emsulwa. Iinkcukacha-manani acquittals e Russia

Inkqubo ye-odolo yenkqubo ungenatyala ithatha indawo ekhethekileyo. Abaphandi inxaxheba kuphononongo wolu hlobo izisombululo, kubalulekile imibuzo emininzi. Iinkcukacha-manani zibonisa acquittals kwiminyaka yakutshanje liye landa inani lamatyala ingqalelo izifundo-nyhuku. Yintoni eyabangela lo mkhwa? Ngaba ngenxa yomsebenzi ombi-umgangatho amagunya uphando okanye icala lentendelezo, ngenxa yeziphoso okanye ukuphunyezwa kwalo mgaqo njengotshaba?

Ingcamango isigwebo

Ukwamkelwa isisombululo lisebenza kwinqanaba lokugqibela yeengxoxo. Imiphumo isigqibo ezibekwe kwenkundla e neseshoni umba msulwa okanye ityala isifundo, kwakunye nokusetyenziswa okanye non-ukusetyenziswa kwezohlwayo kuye. Le nkcazo oqulathe yonke imiba ukuba sisonjululwe isigqibo sokugqibela. Noko ke, loo nto ibonakalisa umongo wayo; kodwa isigwebo enkundleni kunokuthathwa enetyala njengesifundo eso senzo, yaye kuphela umntu kuxhomekeka izohlwayo mthetho ngokungqinelana nayo. Kuloo sigqibo, ndaqonda kakhulu ngokupheleleyo umsebenzi procedural, owakhiwa inkqubo yokusombulula.

inani

Esi sivakalisi ithathwa enye kuphela izinto procedural, isigqibo egameni likarhulumente. It busisigxina kwinqanaba yowiso kwimizobo. 296 Code of weNkqubo yoLwaphulo. Ngeso sigwebo ihlalutya izityholo ngaphambili zingeniswe. Sigqibo isebenza njengendlela substantive. Umthetho ngokwayo kuphela yinxalenye izityholo. Ngelo xesha, kukho ezinye, amacandelo ebalulekileyo ngokulinganayo. Bakha nto ephambili ubungqina. Ezi zinto zixhomekeke, kwicala zesimo nto. Umtshutshisi ungenisa ukubambana ukuze kube mxholo yeengxoxo ngokupheleleyo, hayi ngokuyinxenye. Xa isigqibo umntu ogunyazisiweyo ihlola kokugqitywa ithisisi. Zonke izityholo akamkelekanga ngalo ukuqinisekiswa kakhulu eneenkcukacha iimeko. Esi sivakalisi sisenzo inkqubo-mthetho, ngumongo kwizigqibo ezithathwayo ngaphambili nangasemva kwakhe. Esi sigqibo hayi nqanaba kuphela yemveliso sigqityiwe kuqala. Lesivakalisi ngenqindi phantsi zisonjululwe nemiba ephambili kwiinkqubo zomthetho. Wenza njengoko eziphumo zokuphela konyaka umsebenzi zokunyanzeliswa komthetho ngokwemigaqo umthetho echanileyo.

ngezigaba

In Art. 309 Code of Criminal Procedure ubonelela iintlobo ezimbini izigqibo zokugqibela malunga nezenzo ngawo: icala kunye acquittals. Yonke imibuzo kule isisombululo kufuneka impendulo esichazayo. Iqumrhu elisebenza njenge ummangalelwa, nokuba unetyala, okanye gwe. umntu ogunyazisiweyo uthatha isisombululo enye kuphela. Lo mgaqo ukwasebenza kwiimeko apho isifundo omnye thaca ngexesha elifanayo amacala okanye inkqubo zithathwa zolwaphulo abantu eziliqela. Kulo mba isigwebo njengoko uxwebhu olunye onokusichasa abanye abemi ukubambana, kunye nezinye - i ungenatyala. Kwenye sixhobo yabelwe kwisohlwayo, ugqiba ukuba inikhululele omnye.

ukuqaphela msulwa

Le emsulwa kwityala lolwaphulo zingajongwa kumacala amathathu:

1. Njengoko isenzo yenkqubo.
2. Njengeziko ngokusemthethweni.
3. Njengoko iseti yonxulumano yenkqubo.

Inkalo yokugqibela luphawulwa inkalo yomsebenzi kudidi. Yaba nguye ubalisa abaphandi ngakumbi kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwezigqibo ngqo. base ifakiwe of ungenatyala kuwiso-mthetho. Esifundo mayaziwe ityala xa omnye iimeko ezintathu:

1. Akukho mcimbi isenzo.
2. Hayi umntu abonakale inxaxheba nokugunyaziswa isenzo.
3. izenzo yommangalelwa lowo musa yinxalenye ulwaphulo-mthetho.

Xa nayiphi na yezi meko ithathwa kwimeko yesiqhelo ngokupheleleyo kwisifundo kwaye iqinisekisiwe inxaxheba yalo iziganeko.

into ebaluleke

Xa emsulwa, eso sifundo ngembalelwano ucacisa ukuba ukubuyisela ngayo amalungelo akhe. Ukongeza, ogunyaziswe ukuba athathe isigqibo umntu uthatha amanyathelo ukuvala umonakalo ngenxa yokubandakanyeka okungekho mthethweni abemi ubulungisa kakubi lokuvalelwa kwakhe. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba izigqibo elinye icala for umonakalo kwaye ziya kuchaphazela ungenatyala base. Lo mthetho, kule nkalo, kwi sigqibo sinyanzela ngokuchanileyo iqulunqe imeko apho umntu ufunyanwa enetyala. Isisombululo kufuneka kungabikho iingcebiso, ukuhlaziya zimsulwa kwisifundo ukuba kwenzeke ntoni na.

feature

Le emsulwa ekwavunyelwana kwimeko yokusilela ukuchonga a ulwaphulo-mthetho. Oku kuthetha ukuba ityala singabalelwa engalenzanga. Iziganeko ezidweliswe ukubambana, kwakunye neziphumo zazo azenzeki okanye kwenzeka nokuba ukuthanda umntu (umzekelo, phantsi kwempembelelo amandla endalo). Ummangalelwa ngenxa yokungabikho kobungqina bubonisa ukuba izenzo yomntu:

1. They are mthethweni.
2. Ngokusemthethweni, sinokuqulatha izinto ze-mthetho, kodwa ngenxa akabalulekanga lungavezi ingozi kuluntu.
3. Asinto sisenzo esingekho mthethweni kwi imiyalelo ngqo yomthetho. Umzekelo, kusenokuba izenzo zokuziphatha lemo yonxunguphalo, ngaphakathi kwam eziyimfuneko njalo njalo.

Le emsulwa ifunyenwe yaye kwimeko yezenzo ezingekho mthethweni kunye wohlwaywe mayisuswe senzo yowiso-mthetho, oqale ukusebenza emva kokuba umsebenzi wabo.

ukusilela ukubonisa inxaxheba

Le emsulwa ifunyenwe ukuba isenzo echasene yasekwa, kodwa izinto ajongwayo kule khosi ye inkqubo, alawule okanye na ukuqinisekisa uthumo yawo wagxeka sifundo. Le meko efanayo olulawulwa ligosa eligunyazisiweyo, kwaye ukuba ubungqina baneleyo ukwenza izigqibo ezithembekileyo malunga ityala ngummi, nangengqwalasela zicime yokuqokelela ekuxhaseni ukubandakanyeka kuLwazi i ebudeni inkqubo, kwaye ngexesha uphando ngakumbi. Isifundo, ke ngoko, usebenzisa ilungelo layo kuluntu, ngaphandle nayiphi iteyiphu ebomvu, ukukhululwa kuyo uxanduva. Isayensi ibonisa, lo ungenatyala kwiimeko ezinjalo badla zingamkelwa. Kwaye izinto zibuyiswa ziza kuphandwa banzi. Kulo mzekelo, ngoko ke intshutshiso oyekayo. Njengoko sesitshilo ngasentla, ukuqokelela ulwazi wawancamisa zimsulwa mbandela, akunakwenzeka nokuba enkundleni okanye ngexesha phambili uphando. Izenzo ezinjalo ukunxaxha imigaqo yomthetho yenkqubo. Ukukhululwa isifundo kwenzeka kwiimeko apho inkundla ifumanisa ukuba ityala alenzileyo ngomnye umntu. Kulo mba, emva kokuba isigqibo engena ukusebenza izinto kuthunyelwa nomtshutshisi. Yena, ke, uya kuthatha amanyathelo ukuseka ngokuxhomekeke kuziswa kwetyala nje ummangalelwa.

Ngaba I ukurhoxisa i ungenatyala?

In Art. 379 of the CPC iqhotyoshelweyo iimeko apho isigqibo ophantsi koqwalaselo. Ngokutsho Art. 385 yabaphetheyo CPC akwazi angayilungisa inkundla Ephakamileyo. Kuba oku kufuneka ingeniswe umtshutshisi, isikhalazo yexhoba ithe ngqo (izalamane zakhe), okanye ngqo kumntu akanatyala, kodwa awuvumelani kangakanani nezi meko ngesigqibo.

Eyonanto ibalulekileyo

Acquittals e Russia ukuba esithathwe entlanganisweni kunye inxaxheba yijaji. Kulo mzekelo, imisela inkqubo esikhethekileyo ngokutsha izigqibo ezinjalo. Isivakalisi ingarhoxiswa yi umtshutshisi okanye isikhalazo nexhoba (ummeli we ukuziphendulela) phambi ukunyhashwa enjalo CPC, owawenza kube nxaxheba kwiingxoxo phezu ntetho kobungqina okanye ubenegalelo kakuhle iSigqibo imiba phambi ngelithi ngoko ke iimpendulo kubo. Inkundla Ephakamileyo unakho ukuya ngaphaya la magama kunye nokuhlaziya izigqibo kwezinye iimeko.

ezifunyanisiweyo-Ukungathobeli kweemeko ezineengongoma ezinobunyaniso

Ngamanye amaxesha acquittals eRashiya ngaphandle ingqalelo iimeko ezifanelekileyo. Ngoko ke, ngethuba leenkqubo zabemi ababini wafunyaniswa enetyala ezame umntu lokubulala isebenze ukusuka ubude 17 emlanjeni kwi imeko yento. Le Nkundla, ekugqibeni zokuzigwebela izifundo wabhekisela 'kozinzo "kwakuthethwa ukuba ixhoba wabanika njengenxalenye lophando lokuqala, kwakunye akhe athi," wenza oko. " Ngezinto, Noko ke, kwacaca ukuba ixhoba ngokwakhe bafaka isikhalazo ukuba kuziswe ubulungisa kubantu abathile abo benze izenzo ezingekho mthethweni ngaye. Ixhoba ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kuquka on-site ndawo gqolo, waxelela malunga neemeko zokulahla ibe umlambo evela kwebhulorho. Le Nkundla iye akujongwa amangqina engenasizathu. Kanjalo ungumlandeli laligqalwa njengomba onciphisayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inkundla basilela ukuxabisa kakuhle umxholo. Xa uviwo-kwakhona babebekwe ityala isigqibo elo kamva sigcinwa kwi isibheno.

Ukuhlolwa waphula elivayo kwemimiselo ye CCP

Ngeeyure. 2 tbsp. 381 kweemeko ezichazwe, nto leyo enokuthi acquittals ehlaziyiweyo. ERashiya, ke, akusoloko abakhankanywe ukunyhashwa norm kungakhokelela olungenamiqathango yokuqeshwa Hearing. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, ukuba xa kuxoxwa, kuye kubekho yaphula ilungelo ummangalelwa ngoncedo itoliki okanye igqwetha, okanye akazange avunyelwe ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kule ngxoxo, okanye ongayi kunikwa igama lokugqibela, ukupheliswa sivakalisi iya kuba nantsingiselo. Oku kungenxa yokuba, ngokusesikweni, le meko musa mandundu imeko zesifundo, akazange kuchaphazela isigqibo isigqibo asifanelekanga, mthethweni okanye akulunganga. Ukucinywa ukuguqula isigwebo kulo mzekelo nomkhuba ukuva, ekubeni umphumo uya kwangaphambili. Uphengululo isigqibo kwityala langoku kuphela xa kukho isikhalazo lwesifundo, ufunyanwa enetyala ukuba akavumelani imiqathango yale sigqibo.

isiphelo

Isigwebo kufuneka sisetyenziswe, kwaye isohlwayo - singasetyenziswa kuphela emva kokuba bangene amandla isigqibo. Kulo mzekelo, umthetho lisemthethweni kungakhathaliseki ukuba nobudlelwane isenzo abo ukuya kuyo. Hambili ukuba naziphi na izizathu ukususwa kwakhe kuba ubungqina ethembekileyo ukubaxhasa. Kule meko kukho ubungqina esihle msulwa. Kwimeko kwiinkqubo zenkundla, Noko ke, akusoloko kusenzeka ukuba ukujonga oku ngokuqinisekileyo. Amathandabuzo uhlobo irremovable zingangqamana imiqondiso ekwakhiweni, kwizigqibo ukungabikho okanye kukho ulwaphulo-mthetho, lo mbandela inxaxheba nokugunyaziswa isenzo. Umthetho ngokutolika nayiphi na kubo engenatyala ummangalelwa. Kulo mzekelo, i ungenatyala iqinisekisa ukuba ukungabikho kobungqina, oko kukuthi, ukungabikho kobungqina injongo bobukho bayo.