Ingaba yintoni na inqanaba mbutho ubomi?

Ubomi iplanethi yethu ekhaya limelwe uluhlu olubanzi kakhulu yezidalwa ezahlukeneyo. Iimpawu eziziimpawu kubo, imiselwa liSebe eziliqela - ngesidanga kwemvelo, iimeko zokusingqongileyo, njalo-njalo. iimpawu ezintathu ezibalulekileyo uphawu nawuphi na umcimbi eziphilayo, zezona ukutshintshisana mba kunye namandla kunye nokusingqongileyo lonke (oku ke imiqondiso ephambili zonke izinto eziphilayo), xa ukucaphuka (okt, ukukwazi ukusabela kwizinto ezingaphandle) kunye nokuveliswa (ukudlalwa iintlobo zabo). Amanqanaba mbutho lobomi, ibhayoloji, leyo esisityebi kunene ehlabathini - na isakhiwo oluneqela elinegunya eziququzelelwe biosystems. Elinegunya kule ndawo zikholisa ukuba zakhiwe kumgaqo ngesakhiwo nobunzima eziphilayo. Amaninzi, zebhayoloji amabakala ezisixhenxe kuphuhliso wobomi: Ezinto Genetics, ilandelwe yi kwinqanaba zeselula, inqanaba izihlunu, iziko, uphuhliso (ngamanye amagama - organismal), abemi-iintlobo, eziphilayo jikelele. Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha.

Amanqanaba mbutho ubomi on Earth

Ezinto yemfuza. Lo maleko iqulethe amasuntswana mncinane izinto eziphilayo, iintlobo macromolecules: nucleic, iikhabhohayidrethi, iiprpthini kunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo. Apha azalwa iinkqubo kubaluleke kakhulu zebhayoloji, ezifana encoding kunye nokusasazwa kolwazi ilifa, ukutya, ukwetyisa, ukuguqulwa amandla, njalo-njalo.

Zeeselula Biological Organisation. Iseli iyunithi noshowo kwaye zisebenza kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni. Ngako oko ke, iinkqubo ezenzekayo, zisisiseko wabo bonke ubomi.

level kwithishyu. Luqokelelo iiseli, nto leyo efanayo imvelaphi, isimo, kunye nemisebenzi eyenziwa. Oku kuquka izinto intercellular.

Ilungu Biological Organisation. Naliphi na umzimba luhlobo lwe yodwa yomzimba kokuba ngozi imilo, indawo, isakhiwo, yaye enza umsebenzi ethile.

kwinqanaba Organismal (okanye yophuhliso). Le ephilayo yinkqubo olupheleleyo kwiseli enye okanye multicellular ephilileyo, ekwaziyo ukusebenza ozimeleyo, nokugcina iinkqubo homeostatic. Eziphilayo - i iseti wayalela ukuba ezininzi iiseli, ancedisana amalungu.

Labemi (okanye iintlobo) Biological Organisation. View yingqokelela abantu ezifanayo kubume omnye komnye yaye imvelaphi eqhelekileyo. Abantu abanjalo hybridize ngokukhululekileyo omnye nomnye, enika iziqhamo kunye nenzala ebonakalayo. Xa abantu (s) of inqanaba inkqubo speciation, eziqhutywa iinkqubo kwindaleko.

Eziphilayo (okanye biogeocenotic). Biogeocoenosis kuthiwa ngokwembali zikhuliswe isethi eziphilayo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ukusebenzisana ezahlukeneyo izinto zendalo yokuhlala enye.

Global (Biosphere) Biological Organisation. Biosphere - yinkqubo kakhulu zodidi equka zonke nesenzeko kunye neenkqubo zobomi kwi kwehayidrosfere, lithosfere umoya, kwakunye nokudibanisa kunye nazo zonke eziphilayo ngendlela entsonkothileyo enye. Kwinqanaba ongqonge umhlaba onokuphila uqhagamshele zonke izinto eziphilayo kulo mhlaba.