Indlela ukubala irhafu ilizwe? ebekiweyo intlawulo, iinzuzo

Njengoko usazi, omnye yeendima ezibalulekileyo lwabiwo-mali lwaso nasiphi na isizwe - na irhafu. Ba zasekuhlaleni zesizwe, niwuzalise mali ahambelanayo. Enye irhafu mandatory eRashiya a ukufunyanwa komhlaba. Yintoni na nokuba ngubani na oya kuhlawula ngayo? Ngaba kuyanceda ukuba irhafu yomhlaba ngenxa umhlala, abantu abakhubazekileyo kunye nezinye iindidi abemi? Indlela yokubala intlawulo noko kuxhomekeke? Iimpendulo kuyo yonke le mibuzo ukwazi oko akubantwini bonke Russian.

irhafu Umhlaba: ngubani yaye kutheni wamiselwa

Nabani na ubunini okanye ukusetyenziswa komhlaba, unyanzelekile ukuba ahlawule irhafu. Le ngqokelela kuthiwa - umhlaba. Akukhathaliseki nokuba umnini isiza ukuba umntu obhaliswe entrepreneur ngamnye okanye yalomhlaba uthengwayo ukuya entlanganweni. Umthetho apha ilula: kukho umhlaba - ukuhlawula irhafu. Le ongasetyenziswayo kuyo lo mgaqo mnye kuphela - ukuba loo mhlaba uyaqeshwa, ngoko ke irhafu ihlawulwe zoqobo umniniyo, ie umqeshisi. Ngoko ke ukuba umqeshi ufuna ntoni na, ukuba nje ukwazi ukubala indlela irhafu kumhlaba. Nangona le ndlela yokubala ayikho nzima kakhulu, nangona ezinye ngomahluko kulo.

Isiseko serhafu

Ukuze uqonde ukuba ukubala indlela irhafu kumhlaba, kufuneka ufumanise ukuba kanye kanye iinkalo kufuneka kubalwe nokuba ngubani na oya kuhlawula into, oko kukuthi, ukuze babone kwezerhafu.

irhafu Land - buyinto ngonyaka. Kwiinkampani kule ndawo yelizwe, i irhafu iya kubandakanya:

• izwe okuhlala izakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo;
• kwiindawo ezimelene ezisetyenziselwa ukugcina uzinzo lweNkampani;
• yobugcisa kunye nemimandla yococeko kwezibonelelo ezikhoyo.

Isiseko sokumiselwa ubume kwamaxwebhu ilungelo lokusebenzisa, ilifa okanye ubunini ilizwe.

Xa kufuneka kukhunjulwe ekusekeni isiseko irhafu; kuba ezo ndawo zenzelwe ulondolozo ndawo akwi kubanini ezahlukeneyo, ukuqokelelwa uye ngokwahlukeneyo isakhiwo ngasinye.

Ukuba isakhiwo ibekwe kubunini ekwabelwana, intlawulo ebizwayo kwaye umhlaba ngokomlinganiselo ubunini ngalinye abanini.

Kunzima ukubala nokufunyanwa umhlaba kwamashishini ezolimo. Inyaniso kukuba kule meko division ebaluleke kakhulu komhlaba wezolimo kwaye non-zolimo. Ukongeza, le ndawo ixabiso le indawo, umgangatho kunye nokwakhiwa - zonke ezi parameters kuchaphazela izinga lerhafu.

Yintoni ingqalelo into kwerhafu

Ukusuka kungasentla kunokwenziwa isigqibo ukuba irhafu umhlaba abantu kwakunye nemibutho kunye namashishini kuhlawulwa nawuphi na umhlaba (kwakunye isabelo sayo), esilungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa, ubunini okanye ilifa.

Iinjongo zobalo zezi:

• zebali yezolimo ezinikwa abantu okanye amashishini izitiya, ekondleni izilwanyana, igadi okanye ukwakhiwa dacha;
• izabelo anikwe abemi lokuququzelela lokufama abucala, kwakunye umlimi (mfama) monastery;
• yokulima, enikwa uluntu kwezoqoqosho, co-operatives, imibutho, kwakunye namanye amashishini athengisayo kunye non-ezorhwebo, amaziko zolimo emfundo (kwiiyunivesithi, iikholeji), imibutho uphando, iifama zemfundo zovavanyo;
• Baninzi neendawo zolonwabo zisetyenziselwa izinto zolonwabo, ezemidlalo, ezenkcubeko, ezolonwabo kunye abakhenkethi; umhlala-phantsi, sites inkampu, amakhaya iholide, iipaki zokhenketho, iinkampu kunye nezikhululo zabantwana, iipaki kunye nezinye izibonelelo ezifana;
• imali amahlathi kunye namanzi;
• nendawo eziyiliweyo izibonelelo bokuvelisa amandla, unxibelelwano, kushishino, ezothutho kunye nezinye izibonelelo;
• umhlaba ezisetyenziselwa imisebenzi losasazo imibutho kunye TV;
• kwezinye iindawo.

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba umhla xa ilungelo kwindawo ethile iya kuba mzuzu lobhaliso kwiRejista State emanyeneyo.

irhafu

Okokuqala, izinga lerhafu komhlaba ixhomekeke kwindlela asetyenziswa ngayo kwisiza.

Ukuba ufake kwi isetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezindlu ngamnye, phantsi wokufama wakhe nokutya okanye njengendawo lwezolimo, ubukhulu zemnaloga ayisayi kudlula 0.3% yexabiso cadastral zesakhiwo sebali. Ngezinga elifanayo uhlawule irhafu ngenjongo zobunjineli, ngokunjalo umhlaba libekelwe iimfuno Customs, Ukhuseleko kaZwelonke lezoKhuselo.

Ukuba isayithi zisetyenziselwa iinjongo zorhwebo, izinga lerhafu ilizwe liphuma ngokuzenzekelayo kwi-1.5%. Kwezinye iimeko, loo mali-zizahlulo ezithathu ngaphantsi kwe pesenti enye - kuxhomekeke imigaqo-nkqubo yoorhulumente beengingqi.

Cadastral inani ingxenye

Ekubeni nokuhlawulwa kwerhafu komhlaba kuxhomekeke ngqo kwi-maxabiso cadastral, makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni na nalapho inokufumaneka khona. ixabiso Cadastral yomhlaba iya kumiselwa ukulinganisela umhlaba karhulumente. Olo vavanyo lwenziwa ngokomthetho karhulumente kamasipala ubuncinane kanye kwiminyaka emihlanu. Nantsi indlela yokwenjenjalo:

• kanye kwiminyaka 5, imizimba esilawulayo mxholo Russian Federation uya kuthatha isigqibo sokuba uluhlu lokuxabisa;
• ngoko Office Rosreestra walungiselela uluhlu umhlaba, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimpawu kumasipala ngamnye;
• emva kokuba kufunyenwe imvume yokugqibela uluhlu isavavanywa;
• ulwazi olufunyenwe ngexesha uvavanyo, bathunyelwa ukuba Rosreestr;
• njengoko ingcaciso iya ifumaneka Office Rosreestra ipapasha kwi website yayo ulwazi ngexabiso cadastral yokusongela komhlaba.

Indlela umngeni ixabiso yelizwe

Njengoko usazi, ukuze ukwazi ukubala indlela irhafu kumhlaba, kufuneka wazi iindleko lizwe kunye parameters zayo. Noko ke, xa kusenziwa rhoqo nga ayamkele into yokuba ixabiso cadastral belizwe lingaphezu ixabiso layo lemarike elilungileyo. Inyaniso ukuba ixabiso lomhlaba kwakheka kwi sisiseko amaxabiso avareji kummandla kwekota cadastral, akunamsebenzi ithathele ingqalelo indawo kweli lizwe ngokwalo. Ngenxa yoko, imali yerhafu asifanelekanga.

Ngokomzekelo, kummandla eMoscow. Kutshanje, abahlali mmandla senze into yokuba ubonakele irhafu yomhlaba kwingingqi eMoscow yentlaninge amaxesha ngaphezulu kumaxesha angaphambili.

Ukuba kwakhona ujamelene nemeko efanayo, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba umngeni iindleko Ilizwe ke ibuye ibe uthumo olukhethekileyo. izizathu ezibini bungabonakala le ngokutsha:

• ingcaciso engachanekanga ezifunyenweyo into ethile;
• lengqesho elizweni ixabiso layo ngokwenene, lwalizisa isalathisi nemakethe.

isiseko yokugqibela ngokupheleleyo kuba likuvumela ukuba ukunciphisa ixabiso elililo lwe-inventri.

Ukuze umngeni ixabiso lomhlaba kuyimfuneko ukuba:

• ukuyalela ingxelo ixabiso layo kuxabiso elizimeleyo le nkampani;
• ukulungiselela amaxwebhu ayimfuneko ze ulingenise kwi-ulawulo lobhaliso;
• ukuqhuba uviwo ingxelo Umvandlakanyi;
• angenise ekuchongweni site isebe Registry kunye iikopi zamaxwebhu setayitile yobunini ngokujoliswe kuyo eqinisekise.

Inkqubo yokubala kunye nokuhlawulwa kwerhafu

Bala irhafu komhlaba cadastral, umgaqo, akukho nzima. Xa lwalo jikelele, ifomula imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Zn = Kc x Sn x K, apho:

• Zn - tax Land;
• KS - ixabiso cadastral ye-;
• izinga lerhafu (0.3 ukuya 1.5 kuxhomekeka kwindawo oya) - CH;
• K - lomlingani enxulumene inani leenyanga ubunini zemuchastki lilonke inani lenyanga enyakeni; Umzekelo, ukuba uthenge iyelenqe kwiinyanga 9 eyadlulayo, ngoko K = 9/12 = 0.75. Ukuba sele usebenzise i site kulo nyaka uphelileyo, koko K = 12/12 = 1.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba irhafu eso abekwa ityala ngenxa iinyanga ezipheleleyo lokusetyenziswa (ilifa) zemuchastka kuphela.

Ukuba ufake lolwakho amalungelo equity, yaye irhafu kufuneka ukuba uhlawule ngokomlinganiselo kwisabelo sabo.

Zingadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-30 phambi komhla kwentlawulo kwiofisi yerhafu iya kuthumela isaziso abahlawuli berhafu komhlaba (phezu kwendawo yobhaliso). Olu xwebhu lucacisa isixa isiseko serhafu kunye nomhla wentlawulo.

Ngubani na engarhafelwayo komhlaba

Kufuneka wazi ukuba kukho iindidi abemi, apho kukho izibonelelo ezahlukeneyo irhafu yomhlaba. Ngokuyinxenye zanciphisa zesixa sentlawulo yerhafu komhlaba kula maqela:

• Amaqhawe Russian Federation;
• Heroes of Socialist Labour, kwakunye ke Knights noMyalelo Uzuko neMisebenzi Glory;
• Heroes eSoviet Union;
• amalungu eentsapho zomkhosi abafumana izibonelelo yexhoba;
• Iintsapho ezinkulu nabantwana abathathu okanye ngaphezulu minor, kubandakanywa nabo ukufunda kumaziko emfundo ye naluphi na uhlobo lombutho-lomthetho, okanye kwi emkhosini logama de zibe engama-23 ubudala;
• I ikhubaziwe okanye iqela II
• umhlala Old-ubudala, abo baxhomekeke abo Group abakhubazekileyo II okanye III okanye abantu abaye nesiphene phambi ku-2004;
• abantwana abangakhange eminyakeni yobudala emntaneni;
• amagqala kunye invalids IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic kunye (okanye) ekulweni;
• Le liquidators yengozi eChernobyl and "Mayak";
• ukufumana radiation ngenxa lokulahla inkunkuma eqhumayo e Techa kunye neziqhushumbisi e Semipalatinsk;
• abahloli izixhobo zenyukliya kunye mbawula;
• abantu abathe bafumana isifo radiation ngenxa iimvavanyo okanye imisebenzi enxulumene nalo naluphi na uhlobo izixhobo zenyukliya kunye nezibonelelo, kubandakanywa isithuba.

Ngokuba zonke iindidi ngasentla yerhafu komhlaba kunyaka inokuba kuncitshiswa ngokunciphisa ixabiso cadastral komhlaba mali esingekho ngaphezulu kwamawaka 10 engange.

baxolelwe ngokupheleleyo nokufunyanwa komhlaba nabameli bezizwe ezincinane zabemi eSiberia nakwiMpuma Ekude ngokunxulumene mazwe, okusetyenziselwa ubomi kunye nezolimo.

De ixesha elithile kuxolelwa ngokupheleleyo ukususela zemnaloga yentlawulo kunye nabadla umhlala-phantsi. Nangona kunjalo, kunye nokwamkelwa ngo-2005 i-Code entsha weRhafu yezibonelelo irhafu yomhlaba umhlala uye wavunyelwa. Ngoku ke abantu yobudala yomhlala ahlawule zemnalog qho eqhelekileyo.

Ukuncitshiswa Partial of zemnaloga

Kukho, ngoko ke, udidi enjalo ngabemi abafanele ukufumana izibonelelo ongagqibelelanga irhafu yomhlaba.

• 25% yokufumaneka ethe unelungelo "abankqonkqoza off" abasebenzi lwamashishini mali kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo (ukuba abasebenzi ezinjalo bobabini indoda nomfazi);
• Gcina-50% yabaqeshwa lemibutho ngemali mali zazo zikamasipala. Kwakhona, ngokwengqiqo oomasipala zingasetwa kophule ezincinane umthwalo irhafu kunye nabadla umhlala-phantsi.

Izilungiso ezenziwe ngo-2015

Ukuze ukwazi ukubala indlela irhafu kumhlaba ngokuchanekileyo, kufuneka nje ukuba ulandele utshintsho zonyaka kunye nezongezelelo kule ndawo. Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-2015, kwicandelo "Tax Land" kweKhowudi Tax baye benza iinguqu. NgokweSiqendu 387 (umhlathi 2), kubo bonke abantu abangahlawuliyo zemnaloga adweliswe kwesi sahluko, izinga kufuneka iqulunqwe kwi kwengqiqo kamasipala. Kwakhona oorhulumente kaMasipala lichaza indlela kunye ngokoMthetho kokuhlawula intlawulo kulo ilizwe.

Of izinto irhafu sele ziphelisiwe:

• iziza obiyelweyo okanye imiqathango ukusetyenziswa;
• izwe okuhlala izinto ezixabisekileyo;
• lucinga ukuba yinxalenye mali ehlathini;
• amazwe yelungu izinto ngamanzi kwempahla karhulumente.

Nakuba kunjalo, utshintsho ibalulekileyo umthetho werhafu komhlaba - kukuba isixa serhafu ngoku ebotshelelwe ixabiso lemarike site. Xa practice, oku kuthetha ukuba ixabiso lokuqokelela liya kukhula.

nhlawulo

Bonke abanini kunye nabasebenzisi yokusongela Umhlaba ukukhumbula ukuba kuhlawulwe intlawulo - hayi ilungelo kodwa umsebenzi. Ngoko ke, i-non-intlawulo kunye zemnaloga intlawulo yasemva kwexesha kuphathelene izohlwayo.

Bona isicelo ngoko nangoko emva isilumkiso, kwaye ukuba imali etyalwa ungaphezulu 1500 engange, la maxwebhu aya kungeniswa enkundleni. Xa iimeko ezininzi kakhulu, ukungahlawulwa yecandelo irhafu yomhlaba barhoxe ukuza kumnini yinkundla.