Imizekelo counterculture. Ingcamango kunye nomsebenzi counterculture

Phantsi subculture ibhekisa ngendlela ekhethekileyo ethile yobomi, ngokusekelwe ukufezekisa iimfuno zabantu zendalo zokuziphuhlisa bona buqu, ukuzichaza, ukuqonda lizenzele.

inendlela nganye ikhona ngaphandle inkqubo loluntu okanye umgaqo-nkqubo kwezoqoqosho. Ngoko ke, oko kuphela kangangoko encinane ngezizathu eziphathekayo kunye nenjongo imiba ukhona. Term latin lithetha "subculture". Isiphumo soku kukuba yahlukile olawulayo.

Iimpawu ze subculture kunye counterculture

zenethiwekhi zawo imali ukuba iqela elithile eluntwini. Iiyantlukwano ingavezwa kwinkqubo kweminye imilinganiselo, ulwimi ezizodwa, isimo, kunye nabanye. Usiko ezahlukeneyo zingenza kuyilwa ngokusekelwe yobuhlanga, ubuzwe, umsebenzi okanye nayiphi na enye ekuhlaleni.

Nokuba ikwaquka ngengcinga a counterculture? Kakade ukusuka nkcazelo umntu ndiyaqonda ukuba oku akukho subculture eziqhelekileyo, kwaye ezahlukeneyo kakhulu ukusuka elibalaseleyo, ungquzulwano kunye neenqobo zemveli. Counterculture kwiincwadi nakubomi ngokusekelwe eyabo nokuziphatha abameli balo abazama ukuphazamisa kuluntu zesiqhelo kwi ufakelo. imizekelo ezicacileyo kungathathwa oselula counterculture yaguqula indlela 60s kwenkulungwane yama-20, ukuhamba iipunks kunye amahippie.

Kuba omnye sakudala, omdala, ekunokuthiwa nezikrelemnqa counterculture. Ukuvela kwakhe ngenxa bodwa wendalo amabanjwa ukukhonza ubomi owalene amaxabiso ekwabelwana. Ngenxa yoko, kukho ngokwemvelo yaba lisalawula counter-inkcubeko kwiintlobo yayo ngqongqo kakhulu emigangatho ecacileyo kunye nemithetho kakuhle echazwe.

On the iimfano neeyantlukwano ngokoMthetho

Ekubeni gqira yenkulungwane lokugqibela ingcamango "inkcubeko abaninzi", "counter-culture" kunye "sub-culture" waqalisa ukuba idibane. Abantu abatsha ukuzama munye emelene a 'utshaba' eqhelekileyo, ekubeni ngokwayo ebusweni kuluntu ngokubanzi okanye iziganeko ezithile zentlalo. Kodwa phakathi kwezi nkcazelo kukho umahluko. Makhe sijonge umahluko eziphambili subculture lolutsha kunye counterculture ngokwayo.

Eyokuqala kwezi ukho, njengoko umthetho, xa umoya komdlalo, ekuchaseni ingqiqo ka "thina" yaye "bona". Kwakuhlala ngabameli of usiko zolutsha ngokwaneleyo imisebenzi eyakhayo. Injongo yabo - ukudala ihlabathi zakho ezizodwa. Bathi abafuni ukuba kulwa notshaba, kwaye kaninzi kuthatha indawo kwisixando sokwenziwa.

Ingcinga busenza ukuba ubukho counter-kwenkcubeko ngendlela rally. Oku kuthetha ubukho utshaba eqhelekileyo apho ukulwa. Isiseko ubukho counterculture na umsebenzi ezikumila entshabalalo, injongo - a uloyiso phezu yotshaba. Kuziwa ukuvula ungquzulwano kwaye sisibhengezo yokwenene imfazwe izinto ezikhohlakeleyo yoluntu.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi Umahluko uphawu iintlobo ioyile counterculture kwaye inendlela nolutsha. Ukuziqhelisa, zininzi iindlela eliphakathi ezidibanisa izinto iifom zombini. Le mizekelo iphawulekayo subculture kunye counterculture, sinikela ngezantsi.

Eyona eziphambili ezibangela usiko zolutsha

lwezazi Western, ukuhlola ukuvela ezi ntlobo kubomi, funda imvelaphi yazo imfuneko yemigangatho ngokwesiseko entsha yokuziphatha ngokuhambelana kunye nemingeni mihla. iintlobo zeMveli oluntu kunye iyunithi yosapho lingenako ukuhlangabezana neminqweno yabantu abatsha. abameli balo, ezothusayo uluntu engaqhelekanga yokuphila, inkangeleko nokuziphatha, bangakwazi ukuzisa ibinzana eyoneleyo ubuso ekhoyo ngoku.

Nayiphi subculture ilifa eziliqela yeempawu inyanzelekile kuye. Xa iziko ngalinye kubo yafunyanwa iyunithi izama eqhuba inkxaso yeengcinga ekucingeni iimbono ezintsha. Akumangalisi, abameli lempucuko ulutsha, njengoko umthetho, zingafunyanwa kuphela kwiindawo ezimbaxa kunye kwizixeko ezikhulu. Kuluntu ezincinane, sesikweni - buyinto exotic. Badla khuphela nje iimpawu iimpawu, nto leyo eyenza oosinga engenasizathu kwaye kunokuba phezulu.

Yintoni eyenza subculture ulutsha

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba isenzeko nasiphi na isiganeko usoloko isizathu esithile kakhulu yaye yenzelwe ukuba ukusombulula eziliqela iingxaki zentlalo. Yintoni, kule uluvo oluthile, nto leyo ke intsingiselo Unxulumano sesikweni ulutsha? Eyona engundoqo Imisebenzi counterculture - nasengqondweni. Le nokonyuka ngobume elivisayo eneenkani emehlweni akhe kwaye zama ukufumana phandle phantsi kolawulo lwabazali.

Ngoko ke, ixesha lokuhlala phantsi kweemeko kwaye ngaphakathi subculture kulutsha ukuze elivisayo iba baluyeke umntwana omdala, imbono onengqondo zobomi. Isifundo esibalulekileyo wendele inkqubo emanzini ehlabathini lweentshukumo zolutsha, - uphuhliso imithetho ezibalulekileyo zentlalo kunye nezakhono.

Xa iintlobo ezithile yokuziphatha, umntwana nokuba iyazamkelela okanye izikhabele kubo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ixesha umyinge ukujikeleza intwazana bume sesikweni akubi ngaphezulu kweminyaka emithathu.

Kutheni le medium nomtsalane kangangokuba

Kwakhona, ahlale kwinkqubo-sikhokelo ye intshukumo sesikweni kuthatha elivisayo ixesha ukubafundisa zokuceba ngexesha labo lokuzonwabisa kwaye, ekugqibeleni, kukhokelela ekubeni umbutho ngcono.

Qaphela ukuba inani elininzi kakhulu abantu abaselula badla yokunqongophala ziphawulwe ngokucacileyo ingubani. Uninzi lwazo ngamandla iingcinga zokuziphatha, nto leyo ekugqibeleni kukhokelela kwizintlu ngentsha informals. Nayiphi counterculture kulutsha 80-90% iqulathe abalandeli ukuba kubadlali, akakwazi yokukhusela ubuntu babo.

Isizathu elula contiguity elivisayo kubameli lempucuko ethile - ukukhangela nabantu abankolo efanayo. Epatage njengoko neempawu bangaphandle, xa kuthelekiswa ne-secondary.

izibonelo: Counterculture

Inxalenye iintshukumo zolutsha zitshone ngaphambili. Owona mzekelo ngokucacileyo i amahippie olwalukho US kwi 60s zenkulungwane lokugqibela. scale kakhulu ukuba kukho Thethani ingenelisi ndawonye amawaka abantu abatsha bahlala. kamva Ayikho enye subculture wadibana kubudlelwano ezinjalo. Ingenelisi uthando ngokukhululekileyo kwezimvo waseka revolution ngokwesini ngaloo minyaka.

Isiseko enye indlela lokuhamba phambi kwethu ubomi ukuvela uthungelwano zokuhlala ( "Flat"), apho wonke umntu unokufumana ubusuku okanye yethutyana yokuhlala ( "fit"). Institute for ingenelisi luphawu Social yaba kuphika yeenqobo yemveli yoluntu ngeenxa zonke, ingqiqo i indawo akubonayo, pacifism, inkululeko ngokwesondo kunye ukuzila kakhulu kubomi bemihla ngemihla.

Inendlela kunye counterculture ngomzekelo ka-Russia

Omnye umzekelo we subculture ezilahlekileyo eyayikho kwilizwe lethu - it Lubero. Ngoko wabiza-abameli amaqela olutsha eziluhlobo mthetho. Bavela ekuqaleni kweli namadlelo, kwidolophu Lyubertsy.

Eyona uphawu amaqela alolo hlobo - kugxininisa yokuphila esempilweni ngokudibene ne "ulungiso" ngokoqobo nentlalo kule minyaka perestroika. Evakalisa kuyo ukusukela 'ehexisayo yoluntu "(abangenamakhaya, iindlamanzi, oonongogo) - aboyisiweyo kwaye ngenye ngquzulana.

Imbonakalo Lubero wathetha yokulungela akhawulezileyo ukuzibandakanya silo. ihlelwe amaninzi amaqela waya eMoscow nakwezinye izixeko kunye nemibutho ngogonyamelo, leyo kwafuneka iyamcamagusha imikhosi amapolisa.

counterculture esiyingozi

Eminye imizekelo subculture kunye counterculture - ngisho "". Lifane Lubero inamaqela mihla eziyingozi ngokugqibeleleyo, kufuneka kubekho inqanaba ngokwesiseko eyahlukileyo yentlangano abaci (umzekelo, namaqela athile). Namaqela ingabalelwa lempucuko eyingozi eluntwini. abameli babo yokuqala ukuvela eNgilane ngo-1968, bona "wafundisa ekhululekile ingenelisi kunye neziyobisi abakhotyokiswe Wits '.

eneenkontsho "nabalwela" ekuvunyelwene ngazo imfuneko ukuqhelana izimpi isitalato: iblukhwe abamnyama tight, combat iibhutsi kunye kweentende zamafu ukunceda ekulweni, ibhatyi elifutshane ngaphandle inekhola. iimpahla nabalwela yasindiswa na iinkcukacha, sivumele utshaba ukunqakula (iibheji, iibhegi okanye iindondo). Ngenjongo enye uchetyiwe uchetyiwe.

nabalandeli babo - namaqela Russian - ukuvela 90 zenkulungwane yama-20. Yangaphandle attributes ukopishe ukusuka kwi "oogxa" asentshona, emibonweni umda amandla ngokusekelwe iingxaki yesizwe Russian. Le subculture kunganxulunyaniswa kakhulu ndlongondlongo. Namaqela athile abathi izimvo eziphambili lwamaNazi, kungasali ithuba kombono. ideology nabalwela kusekelwe kwingcamango ntumbuluko ngokobuhlanga. Ngokufuthi zihlelwe kwamaJuda phakathi abo inkangeleko ezahlukeneyo (umzekelo, neenwele ezinde, ibala), kunye nabameli yokuqhelaniswa nezifundo ezahlukeneyo ngokwesini.

fans uSathana

Imizekelo counterculture kakhulu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Enye simo yingozi - ekuthiwa-banqula uSathana. Ukuba ziyafumaneka kwi flow elohlukileyo intshukumo yabasebenzi besiNyithi, ubudlelane bethu bunaye Church of abanquli uSathana ekupheleni koo ekuqaleni kweli lizwe lethu. Ngoku subculture uSathana uye kwiindawo ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ezi ziquka anti-lamaKristu, ukutyhefa iBhayibhile nokwenza imiyalelo eBhayibhileni inyathelo malungana (rhoqo - ukuxhaphaza nokonakaliswa).

Enye indlela - banqula uSathana Orthodox. Bathi amandla kaSathana kwi mandla ngokulinganayo, ngokwamandla kaThixo. Baye namasiko zabo nezithethe, nangona imibingelelo kule meko akukho kwenziwa. uphuhliso kumazwe zamaProtestanti.

Kukho banqula uSathana zefilosofi - bona eniye umbutho abhaliswe ngokusemthethweni. Ezi amaxabiso zingundoqo ziquka yanelisa iimfuno zabo zokuzingca esekelwe kwingcamango superman Nietzsche kaThixo. Ezinye abalandeli kwale mfundiso becala ilandela kuphela iimpawu zangaphandle (ukunxiba izivatho kunye umnqamlezo omfusa, idayi iinwele zabo ezimnyama).

Ezinye iindlela ulutsha

kwakukho intshukumo "Gopnik" Xa 80s zenkulungwane yama-20 kweli lizwe lethu. Kwaba ingakumbi eninzi kubo kwi-avareji kwingingqi iVolga. Gopnik wathi ngokwazo iintshaba kwamalungu ezininzi ezinye usiko zolutsha - rap, bikers, amahippie njalo njalo. Nasiphi na kwezi zingentla ukuba benze babethwa nasekuphangweni.

Njengoko enye, abameli ngaphantsi eziyingozi usiko zolutsha ingabonwa abathandi bebhola. Phakathi kwabo wamkelekile inkululo phakathi abalandeli iiklabhu ezahlukeneyo kwezemidlalo.

Abameli kwenye flow - iipunks. Funda lula kubo nengqondo iimpawu: iidyasi yesikhumba, njengokuhlaba, iinwele ezingaqhelekanga. Phezu kwentloko yakhe isikakhulu flaunts le Mohawk zakudala okanye ebeyicheba impandla.

Iipunks njhani abaculi iliwa kunye ezigcwele, isiselo, umsi ukhula, akufane ndahlamba, baxhasa ingcamango yokuba nentshabalalo. engundoqo esithi yazo: "Akukho elizayo." Ithemba punk ideology ivumela ukuba bazibonakalise kwiintlobo kakhulu zobundlobongela, utywala kunye neziyobisi. Imizekelo punk counterculture - mhlawumbi kumba phakathi kwemali sikweni ulutsha.

amaqela emidla

Abemele ezinye usiko ngako ukuzinikela ethile yokuphila. Umzekelo iphawulekayo kule - bikers (elezithuthuthu). Bathi ezikhona, kwihlabathi lakhe ezikhethekileyo - ukufuduka ihlabathi ngesantya esikhulu.

Kodwa ke kukho eminye imizekelo lo counterculture, umzekelo, ububanzi hip-hop. Oku elukhuni imfundo zenkcubeko. Oku kuquka ukusebenza ukudanisa sisimbo ethile (umdaniso ikhefu okanye rap) BABALWA NDLANYA yegraffiti, streetball (fifa street), ukuziqengqa (mqengqeleki skating kwi indlela ethile).

Ukuphakama abalandeli hip-hop inkcubeko ulutsha enempilo. Ulutsha baphazanyiswa iziyobisi kunye notywala waza waqalisa ukukhuphisana kumdaniso esitalatweni kunye nemidlalo. Yonke le misebenzi ifuna qethe elide ngokwasemzimbeni, nto leyo engahambelaniyo kunye nempilo nobukhoboka.

Enye Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba le nto abembi. Ngoko ke sithi abo uphando ngezidingo komhlaba. "Abemi umzi emiqolombeni" bachitha ixesha kwi ekubeni kukho twisiseni, ukuba singqongwe i aura of emfihlekweni, kodwa musa ukufuna udumo okanye ukwandisa izintlu zabo.

Umdlalo Nomsebenzi

Ingaba kukho imizekelo emihle le counterculture? Mhlawumbi enye yezona esempilweni ngokwasengqondweni, ubugcisa kunye nangokwasekuhlaleni bexhamla abameli bayo bangonakala kuthathwa abadlali ndima. Ungubani na ke? Ezi ziquka abantu abaye lonke ixesha ukuba zichithe lokuphinda ethile era zembali okanye boncwadi. Oku enactors-kwakhona, animeshniki, kwakunye nezinye iindawo ezifanayo.

Umsebenzi wabo uhamba njengoko umthetho emoyeni ukwenza kumabala emidlalo avulekileyo, kwakunye imidlalo indima angadlaliyo zasekhaya okanye ezidolophini. Amalungu alo mbutho aququzelele umboniso zembali okanye iminyhadala rhoqo, bazibandakanya ekukhweleni emahasheni, ukubiya, kunye noqeqesho umzimba jikelele.

Amukela amaqela zabo ngeenjongo zonxibelelwano kunye nokukhangela abantu abanazo. Isibheno enkulu imidlalo indima-wokudlala ubuchule ubalekele iqiniso ngemihla kunye nokufezekisa ingqondo yemveli. Phakathi rolevikov lula efakwa iingubo lohlobo olukhethiweyo (zembali, isimbo aphakathi of the Wild West). Amantombazana bayakwazi ukukhetha ngubo kweediliya okanye yothando.

Phakathi rolevikov eziphuhliswe iimpawu ezithile kakhulu, ingakumbi phakathi abalandeli Tolkien. imisebenzi Artistic fantasy uhlobo - i uhlobo Isibali-inkcubeko kuncwadi, ngokubonelela abaxhasi bayo isithuba elikhulu kumdlalo.

Umculo kunye nezinto

Kunjalo kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye le mobbers movement (fleshmobberov). Balungiselela inyathelo, inkqubo umbutho elifutshane nge-Internet, apho zibhaliswe kwi-abasebenzisi ethile site zithunyelwa ixesha ngqo le miyalelo, indawo kunye nohlobo flash hlokondiba elandelayo.

A lot of usiko ezisekelwe bathanda ezithile somculo. Kukho abalandeli iqela "Alice", uViktor Tsoi (group "Cinema"). Fans badla ukulingisa soloists ozithandayo ku iinkcukacha zincinane imbonakalo.

Ezikhethekileyo - metal, emele lempucuko sikweni ngokubanzi. "Heavy" Ukulalela umculo ngoku kakhulu, abaninzi kakhulu. Ukuhlanganisa abalandeli "heavy metal" nakweyiphi na inkalo eqhelekileyo kwezi ntsuku kunzima, njengoko ezahlukeneyo.

Emo and Goth

umculo ethile alukhethayo, kunye nabameli iintshukumo kulutsha emo. Kukholelwa ukuba omnye wabo abafikisayo ezikufutshane kunye abacinga ezingazinzanga kunye nesithukuthezi bayanda igqamisa ethile impahla uphawu makeup. Enye, yahlukile ukusuka emo nenkcubeko - ngamaGoth. It abalandeli ukufa, ukubola, kuba kukhona uqobo umculo okhethekileyo, ubuhle uphawu, ithwele theatricality libizwe.

"Dark Romance" neziphumo ngoku eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo kwinkcubeko ngombono eqhelekileyo edakumbisayo-uthando yobukho. Classic Goth ivaliwe, ngokuxhomekeke ukudangala, iphuku uxinezeleko. Le isidalwa, nto leyo yayintsha iipateni oqhelekileyo yokuziphatha. abameli Inkoliso banxibe kuphela omnyama, umbala omnye idayi iinwele zabo, imilebe kunye nezikhonkwane.

Uluhlu oluneenkcukacha yonke iyantlukwano ekhoyo ngoku ye usiko akwenzeki. Counterculture usiko - amacala amabini elilodwa. Bona ukuba zininzi izinto esifana kwaye anikane akuguquki omnye komnye. Ukuhlelwa nayiphi na counterculture kwaye inendlela kunokuba isalamane, kuba indlela eqhelekileyo akwamkelekanga kwaphela. Isiseko salo naliphina yesibali-iinkcubeko - ukugcina nobuqu abathwali yayo.