Imibhobho welding: Technology

Ixhobisa indlu okanye kutywinwe iintanda ekhaya, uyakwazi ukubeka inkqubo yombhobho ngokwakho. Xa kuziwa unxibelelwano intsimbi, ungasebenzisa i welding yombane. Ngenxa yoko, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane compound esiqinileyo efunyanwa ngenxa ukuhamba iinkqubo thermochemical, apho i electrode zisetyenziswa-abaqhubi.

Enoba umsebenzi ukuwelda, baya kufuna inkosi amava kunye nolwazi, ezisetyenziswa kule nkqubo. Ukuba kuphela ukufunda nje, ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuqalisa aqhelane kwicala theoretical component umbuzo. Njengoko ngokuba intsimbi, ngokuba umbhobho ezinepolypropylene nayo ifuna izixhobo ezihambelanayo ze iwelding. Noko ke, ukwenza ibonisa ukuba iteknoloji entsha kulula kakhulu kunalowo eza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku.

Ukulungiselela ukusebenza

Segesi Mcetywa iqala kunye nokulungiselela ngaphezulu. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba lomile kwaye egudileyo. Xa inyathelo elilandelayo kufuneka ukhethe umthombo wamandla. Kulo kuxhomekeke umgangatho wokufundisa. Kusenokuba inverters compact okanye abaguquli enzima. Ngoncedo lwabo, lo ombane aphezulu inokujikwa ibe kwisiphaluka zamabanga asezantsi.

Kuba wasekhaya, ukhetho ekhethwayo yayiza ukuwelda. Ukusebenza nesiguquli ilula kakhulu. It has iingenelo ezivakaliswa ukuthembeka ukusebenza kunye nokunyamezela. Isixhobo inverter umntu ubukhulu ngaphantsi omhle kwakhona ivumela uhlengahlengiso ezahlukeneyo.

welds imihlobo

Xa segesi iinkqubo umbhobho ezi ntlobo zilandelayo khompawundi kusetyenziswa namhlanje:

• lempundu;
• zilala phezu;
• uqhagamshelo lembombo;
• T-ngokuhlangeneyo.

Xa le ndawo weld inokuba nkqo okanye zilaliswe kwakunye silingi okanye ezantsi. Indawo nenzuzo kuthathwa ukuba ibe ngaphantsi, ngoko ke kungenzeka kwakhona ukuwelda oko kuyimfuneko ukunika Ukukhetha le ndlela. Segesi imibhobho ekwandlaleleni unxibelelwano ngokuqhelekileyo kuquka ukusetyenziswa welungu lempundu. Imiphetho ngexesha elifanayo kubalulekile yonke ubukhulu. Kuba imibhobho zamafu wayifu- ukubaleka beentanda kabini - lwangaphandle nangaphakathi. Ukunciphisa unokukhawuleza ye intsimbi ngaphakathi xa electrode ukusebenza kufuneka zibanjwe kwi-engile 45 ° ukuya moya tye.

Yiyiphi enye into ebalulekileyo kukuba ukukhumbula xa ulungiselela

Phambi ekuqaleni welding ncwadana kuyimfuneko ukwenza uqeqesho. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno kwimibhobho. Products kufuneka ilingane, kufuneka ukuba gqitha, kufuneka sibe msulwa iziphene. Kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho umahluko eludongeni ubukhulu.

ngemibhobho Material kufuneka uhambisane kumafa imichiza. Iikona kufuneka ibe simahla ubumdaka kunye nerusi. Ubuso isiphelo nelilinganiswa ngohlangothi engile yeengcaciswana, kwakunye nexabiso blunting. Ngokutsho imigangatho, ixabiso buthelezi inokuba kulingana isiphelo mm-2 ukuya 2.5. Ngokumalunga engile Wotho, kusenokuba ° 70. Ukuba non-eqatshelweyo, kuyimfuneko ukuba enze machining le ezinemiphetho.

tack ukufaka

Segesi imibhobho Inkqubo kufuneka athathe ufakelo tack. Basimisela icandelo yinxalenye edibeneyo, kwaye ukwenza i electrode kufuneka ingasetyenziswa xa suture. Ukuba umbhobho esiqela ayidluli 300 mm, oku- asenzayo 4, kufuneka ngokulinganayo batwabulule phezu achazwe apha ubuninzi.

Xa usebenza bebetha ugwali sangqa ezibalaseleyo, oku- zicwangciswe kunye langutela ka-250 mm. ubude oku- elicetyiswayo yi-50 mm, lo gama ububanzi 4 mm.

features Electric

Imibhobho welding kufuneka wenziwe kwi algorithm ethile. Kubalulekile ukuba anikele ingqalelo ekhethekileyo amalungu rotary. Ukuba kufuneke nokuba sipheke kwiimeko ezinzima, kufuneka siqhubeke esandleni sisipili encinane. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ekupheleni electrode kufuneka Wayitsala ngokwenza umsebenzi inxalenye lomelele.

Imeko eqhelekileyo yi welding kwi-engile ° 30 ukuya kumphezulu imveliso. weld ukusibeka koko wenziwe circumferentially. Kunokuba umaleko ube mnye xa amalungu yeemveliso intsimbi esezantsi-ingxubevange. amandla ezoNgezelelweyo kunokufikelelwa ngokwenza umthungo yesibini. Eziphawulekayo nangakumbi umbhobho eludongeni, i-matric ukuba wenziwe, kufuneka zibe-2 okanye ngaphezulu.

Xa uluhlu yokupheka ukuba imibhobho ubudeki enkulu. uqhagamshelo wabo wenziwa ukuya kwisiqingatha umthungo. Emva koko, izabelo zazishenxisiwe zeBlack kwaye lulungiselelwe kolu umthungo ilandelayo kumgama 1.5 cm kowangaphambili. Ukugqibezela izinto eziyimfuneko uqhagamshelo ingumhluzi kunye ukudlulela kancinane. ngaphezulu akukho kucetyiswa ngaphandle ukususwa ukusebenza SLAG, ukuze kufikelelwe isiphumo ezilungileyo nto ifunyenwe.

kwekhwalithi

Ekwenzeni welding kwemibhobho, kwinqanaba lokugqibela, kufuneka ukuba uqinisekise ukuba umgangatho beentanda baphuma ogqibeleleyo. sibange Invisible kungabonwa kunye nesisombululo isepha, olusetyenziswa kunye ibhrashi emalungwini welding. Emva kokuba umoya kufakwa kwinkqubo. noYaduwa Ukuba engaphekisiswanga amalungu okanye iindawo, ukuba uyakwazi ukubona evela maqampu.

indlela welding rotary

Segesi inkqubo imibhobho ngokuqhelekileyo ufuna inani liphezulu yaseZimbabwe, kwasekwa sikhundla asezantsi. Oku kubonisa ukuba kungenzeka ukuba usebenzise indlela rotary. Ukuba pipe esibiyelwe ngodonga ubukhulu ukuya kwi-12 mm, unako ukwenza umthungo ezintathu. Lo maleko wokuqala yi welding, ukuya electrode, nezinyuko apho intonga yahluka ukusuka-2 ukuya ku-4 mm. Zonke maleko ezilandelayo nga omthuqwa electrode ubudeki ochukumisa ngakumbi.

Ekuqaleni, lo edibeneyo kufuneka yahlulwe 4. Welding lwenziwa kumacandelo yokuqala neyesibini zifumaneka isahlulo aphezulu ityhubhu. Ityhubhu ke ajikelezwe, yaye inkosi uya kwenza amacandelo ngokudibeneyo yesithathu neyesine. Tube kwi inyathelo elilandelayo kufuneka ukuba kwakhona uze uyithabathe, uyipheke nakumacandelo-1 no-2. Xa uphinda ukujikeleza nwebu yesibini lisetyenziswa kumacandelo 3 no-4 Umaleko yokugqibela uphoswe kwicala elinye, umbhobho kufuneka aze ajikeleziswe ngawo onke amaxesha.

welding oluzenzekelayo

I welding yalo mbhobho enokwenziwa kwimveliso ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, imveliso apho phezulu. Phantsi kweemeko ezinjalo, welding manual bekuya kuba ixesha elide, ngoko ke koomatshini welding zisetyenziselwa umsebenzi. Zonke iinkqubo ngelo xesha kuya kwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo.

Welding ngaphandle wayisa le ucingo welding, nto leyo unwound ukusuka coil kwaye kufakwa kummandla umsebenzi. Indawo yokusebenza bakhonza iigesi ezininzi kwaye uvikele ngendlela imo oluzenzekelayo. Ukuba umsebenzi akanako nokuhambisa, kusetyenziswa welding semi-automatic.

Iindlela ezizezinye iwelding

Ukuwelda kunye nofakelo igiza enokwenziwa ngokusebenzisa iwelding gas. Le ndlela iquka ngokushushubeza kungqameko ukuba iqondo lobushushu yokunyibilikisa kulo. Kwangaxeshanye, intonga welding inyibilikiswa, kwakunye intsimbi esetyenziswayo nangokundizalisa omhlophe. Ngenxa yoko, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane umthungo engenamandla ngokwaneleyo ukuba kuya kuba irola eveleleyo.

welding igesi lwenziwa usebenzisa umxube oksijini iasithilini. Izixhobo eziphambili ezivelileyo sokukhuphela kunye mgawuli. Umzimba wokuqala iindlela ezimbini apho igesi ikhutshelwa kwigumbi ukuxuba. Ngoko inkosi lilawula sokuqukuqela serhasi xa ukuwelda izinto ezahlukeneyo.

Imibhobho ephakathi yentsimbi segesi nako ukuphunyezwa yi indlela induction. Le iteknoloji kubandakanya iziqalelo ubushushu imisinga eddy. Iikona ezihlanganiswe roller press. Olu hlobo iwelding isetyenziswa kushishino kunye nobunjineli ngoomatshini.

Iingcebiso malunga nokukhethwa i electrode

Xa segesi imibhobho GOST 16037-80 kufuneka iqalwe. Bona ubhalisile yaye ngakumbi ukukhethwa electrode. Le yokugqibela ziintonga otyhidiweyo ezenziwe ngocingo. balo babulingana nesandla kuyohluka-2 ukuya ku-5 mm. Umphezulu ehlanganiswa Kuphi, olusetyenziswa ngomaleko omkhulu okanye ebhityile. Kwimeko yokugqibela enamathela parameter ngobuninzi ukusuka ku-1 ukuya kwisi-2% ngokobunzima ngentonga. Ukuba kukho umaleko elingqingqwa, ubunzima bayo ekungabonini ukusuka-20 ukuya kuma-30%.

Njengoko main yokuhlamba umsebenzi lenza ukuyilwa SLAG, leyo ngokohlobo intsila non-metal sobunzima ephantsi kuthelekiswa metal. Le zeBlack ndiyihlanganise ndiyidadise phezulu welding, ukudala ukutyabeka olukhuselayo. Emva kokuxhuma eziyi- iwelding zeBlack kufuneka ndinkqonkqoza. Xa eqweqweni iba nkum, oko lungasuswa lula ngokufanelekileyo.

I electrode ziyafumaneka ngoku kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo Ipeyinti, le yokugqibela apho ziyilelwe imisebenzi ethile. Umzekelo, yayisoma cellulosic lisetyenziswa ukuwelda igiza ubukhulu bale. Ngezi electrode ungenza beentanda setyhula kunye nkqo.

I electrode zingafunyanwa urhwebo kunye zokwaleka Rutile leyo ephakamayo lula kwaye yenza a zeBlack uqweqwe brittleness eliphezulu. Ngezi electrode ungenza amalungu ntetho, welds umtya, oku- uyipheke ngocoselelo ukuqinisekisa amalungu ingcambu. Oku kukuvumela sokudityaniswa imbonakalo omhle.

Mcetywa iwelding ndlela kusenokubandakanya ukusetyenziswa electrode kunye rutile-asidi ngeso lenyama. Le nto features ngokwahlukana Chuba lula kwaye ukusetyenziswa electrode nto incinane, ngaloo ndlela zokonga. Rutile-camera tselyulloznoe ifanele ezitho zonke izikhundla, leyo ingabhekiswa phezulu, leyo yeyona inzima.

Suture ne viscosity aphezulu zingafumaneka ne electrode ukutyabeka engundoqo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba kwakhiwe izakhi musa ukuzivula. Le nto kakhulu ukusetyenziswa imibhobho zamafu wayifu- kunye neemveliso, nto leyo eza esebenza phantsi kweemeko ezinzima.

yokulungisa welding

Uyakwazi ukwenza le ukulungiswa kwemibhobho welding. Ukuze benze oku, isahlulo sinesiphene kufuneka icocwe zoomatshini. Kuvumelekile sandblasting ukucocwa, disks esirhabaxa, nepolishi kunye iibhrashi disc wire.

Ukulungiswa welding ibandakanya livela kwimimandla alusebenzi. Umonakalo kunokubangelwa umhlwa phezu kungenzeka imikrwelo, iindlavini kunye neengozi. Ukuze ukucacisa Ebubanzini bodonga kufuneka basebenzise imilinganiselo kunye nokuhlolwa olubonakalayo. iindlela obuvunyiweyo ezongezelelweyo komzimba ezingekho etshabalalisayo.

Iziphene, ubunzulu apho 0.2 mm, asuswe yi besila. pipe Standards welding apho zibandakanya ukusetyenziswa indlela manual usebenzisa i electrode kunye isiciko ephambili. Kuba segesi le lokufaka weld lokuqala kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise electrode kabani ubukhulu ifikelela 3.2 mm. Kuba khazi kunye nokugcwaliswa amalungu electrode ubukhulu zingaqala-3 ukuya kwi-4 mm.

Inkqubo Inkqubo Mcetywa welding ibandakanya electrode calcining. Unako ukusebenzisa electrode calcined kwiimeko zokubhala. Kulo mzekelo, ukuya kwindawo zemveliso, kufuneka zisiwe kwizikhongozelo itywiniwe. electrode yokugcina imigangatho yesizwe ngoko kufuneka itshiswe kwigumbi ezomileyo, nto leyo lobushushu ukuwisa ngezantsi +15 ° C.

isabelo ezineziphene phambi nokufumba kufuneka elibaselwe ngumoji izixhobo zokufudumeza zombane. Kuyenzeka ukuba usebenzise indlela induction leyo yenza ukufudumeza efanayo. Unako ukusebenzisa izibane zegesi okanye izifudumezi. Welding zingenziwa ngokusebenzisa indlela inverter. Livela lwenziwa kwindawo yangoku rhoqo wokwephuka umva.

ucinezelo arc lwenziwa emiphethweni ngeesampulu wesahlulo alusebenzi. Segesi layers lokufaka rectilinear okanye imilo setyhula wenza roller emxinwa. scheme elisetyenzisiwe - counter-macala. intshukumo kwicala ngalinye ekulandeleni umthungo ukuba sokubala. Ububanzi umaleko yokuzaliswa yokuqala ziyahluka ukusuka-4 ukuya kowe-6 mm. Zonke oomaleko ezilandelayo abe ububanzi mm 8 ukuya 10.

isiphelo

Kwiinkqubo pipe iwelding izixhobo ezifanelekileyo uyakwazi ukusebenzisa wena. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhetha i electrode elungileyo, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuze bakuthathele ingqalelo iimpawu zemathiriyeli ukuba sisiseko kombhobho. Ngokomzekelo, ukuze ukudibanisa imibhobho ezenziwe carbon ngentsimbi, kufuneka ligcinwe izinto welding kunye zaseprayimari okanye rutile.

Ukuba seams zenziwa Isefu umbhobho sentsimbi qikeka, kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela i electrode ye welding imibhobho kwalenza. Njengoko iimpawu eziphambili iwelding esebenza imibhobho zinc kwalenza kuphuma lobushushu ukubila. It liphantsi xa kuthelekiswa oko kuyinyaniso for steel. Oku kubonisa ukuba ukutyabeka zinc uya idliwa xa itshiswe.