Iintlobo zeentlanzi kunye endaweni yawo

Wonke Umlobi self-ngokuphathelele uyazi ukuba kukho iintlobo ezininzi iintlanzi ehlabathini. Ngokutsho kulwakhiwo zabo, ezi zidalwa chordates, kodwa iindidi zeentlanzi ukusuka amancinci ukuya ezinkulu, ukususela elwandle ukuya emlanjeni, njalo njalo. Kweli nqaku siza kuthetha ntoni na zeentlanzi, bahlala phi leyo uphawu kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Sinethemba uya kuza sibe luncedo kule nkcukacha!

A kancinci iintlanzi

Fish - a jawed izilwanyana ezinomqolo zasemanzini ukuphefumla ngokusebenzisa iigilizi. Ukuze nihlale phantse naliphi na umzimba ngamanzi; kwi ezinetyuwa kunye ezintsha, ukususela imilambo kunye neelwandle nesiphelo. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, intlanzi ilungu uhlobo imisindo, ngenxa yokuba i skeleton yangaphakathi ecaleni axis, ebizwa ngokuba yi-usinga.

Iintlobo zasemanzini ehlabathini kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo baba ngaphezu kwezigidi 34. Ngesayensi, kukho icandelo elikhethekileyo enikelwe isifundo yeentlanzi. Ibizwa ngokuba yenyani.

iintlobo zeentlanzi

Njengoko yaziwa, iindidi zeentlanzi - nto kukho icandelo elikhulu yenyani. Ewe, kunjalo, izazinzulu bachitha ixesha elininzi ukufunda ezi zilwanyana. Zeentlanzi uhlobo imisindo, njengoko kutshiwo apha ngasentla, kodwa nganye inayo neempawu iintlanzi zayo.

Physiology kunye nokwakheka neentlanzi

Bonke abantu ukubayinxalenye uhlobo chordate intlanzi, Bathiwe wambu ulusu kunye namaxolo (ngaphandle amatyala ezinqabileyo). Ulusu ubunjwe umbane ezimbini: sangaphandle kunye dermis. Sangaphandle eba imfihlelo, evumela ulusu lokukhuselwa. Ukwenziwa Isikali a enkulu dermis indima - ulusu umaleko embilwini.

Xa iintlanzi bony, njengoko ephikisana nezinye, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo esikalini. iintlobo zentlanzi, ngakumbi ngqo, iintlanzi bephuma okanye olunye uhlobo, ukufumanisa iimpawu Ipeyinti flake. Ngoko ke, sturgeon ganoid ezikalini. Oku wabumba kostevyh iipleyiti camera ganoinom. Isikali bony iintlanzi ezihlala ixesha lethu kuthiwa elasmoidnoy kwaye yahlulwe yaba ajikelezayo kunye unamazinyo. Ishq babe lungiselelo ovumela kudweliso amacwecwe angasemva ayangenana. Akunjalo eside eyadlulayo, izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa ukuba ngenxa komhlaba ikama notched kuyincedile zasemanzini ukwanda iipropati hydrodynamic.

Umbala intlanzi sele uluhlu enkulu imibala, koko, ezinye imibala "isilumkiso" ovumela umzimba ukuba ekhuselekileyo, ukuba kufuphi lirhamncwa. umbala nayo kuba luthuthu, isanti, isanti. Konke kuxhomekeka kokusingqongileyo, iimpawu amanzi. Ziziphi iindidi zeentlanzi, bume oruzhayuschaya enjalo umbala.

inkqubo Musculoskeletal zeentlanzi - yinkqubo yayo izicwili namathambo. Kubonakala ukuba phambi kokuba aba izihlangu wesithathu iigilizi, kodwa ke abasemagunyeni ekhulisa kwi emhlathini. Iintlanzi ukudada ngqo nge amaphiko ngeziBini unpaired. Ngaphezu koko, enkosi amaphiko ukuba lenze ezinzima.

Neziselwandle bone izilwanyana zasemanzini abe reyi nokudleka kwaye abangekaphuhli - intlala. iintlanzi ezininzi njengoko ephambili 'imoto "lisetyenziswa nomsila fin. Umnqonqo of intlanzi esekwe a omqolo eyahlukileyo nesroschennym. Inkqubo ukudada intlanzi kungenxa ekunciphiseni izihlunu ukuba iqhotyoshelwe imisipha lomqolo.

Nemisipha intlanzi "slow" kunye nezihlunu "fast". Zinelungelo ingqiqo aphuhlileyo kakhulu wetatshi ivumba ukubanceda uzulazule ngokugqibeleleyo okusingqongileyo apho bakhoyo, yaye uphephe iindawo ezimbi. Uninzi fish chordate une-2-gumbi intliziyo, ukujikeleza, ivaliwe kwegazi. Igazi ujikeleziswe ngokusebenzisa iimpumlo kunye Tel'nov umcu ngokusuka entliziyweni.

Power kula izidalwa eziphilayo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: intlanzi isidlo capture, ukugcina amazinyo akhe. Ukutya okuvela emlonyeni ukuya emqaleni hlobo, ngoko kungena esiswini apho ithathwa enzyme yencindi yewayini esiswini. Iintlanzi babe Ukukhetha enkulu ukutya. Bayakwazi zidla kwiimvuthuluka kwizidalwa, iintshulube, ezinye ezisencinci, kwaye amanye amalungu bade ezinkulu eklasini. Kodwa ngokubanzi, kukho herbivorous intlanzi, kwiintshaba deritofagami. Yintoni eyona umdla, abaninzi bayakwazi ukutshintsha uhlobo kwabo ukutya, umzekelo, ekuqaleni ubomi yimisundululu kunye ezincinane, kwakunye nabantu abadala zidla abameli encinane okanye enkulu yokusingqongileyo emanzini.

Iintlanzi, kukho iingxaki noxinzelelo, umzekelo, uxinzelelo wabo ibe ngaphantsi kwe xi kuma, kodwa ngenxa yokuba aba bantu wamvusa urea, xi kulawulwa.

isiphelo

Ngaloo ndlela, sinokugqiba ukuba iindidi zeentlanzi zahlukahlukene kakhulu, yaye ngamnye kubo waphawulwa ngezinto ezahlukeneyo isakhiwo, ubungakanani, ukutya, indlela yokuziphatha. Bonke bephela ezahlukeneyo, nabalobi phambi ukubamba intlanzi, kuyimfuneko ukuba ufunde ngazo zonke!