Iimpawu inkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho. Ngabalawulwa inkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho. A inkqubo ekhethekileyo ukuqwalaselwa ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho kwinkundla

Xa inkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho iye iimpawu zayo ezithile. Kuphela kule kulingo kuba umrhanelwa, ummeli, ixhoba, umtshutshisi karhulumente kunye nabasemagunyeni uphando, aqukiweyo ukubhengezwa isenzo. Iimpawu ze kwecala kusekho ngenxa yokuba ummangalelwa lingacela inkundla ukuba ahlole ityala lakhe ngendlela ethile, okanye yijaji. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezingaphezulu malunga konke oku kubhalwe kweli nqaku.

Oko Ufanele Ukwazi

Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba inkqubo yolwaphulo iqala ngala mzuzu xa abasemagunyeni imicimbi zangaphakathi wafumana isicelo okanye umyalezo malunga nolwaphulo ogqibeleleyo. Ukuba ulwazi kuqinisekisiwe, amagosa zokunyanzelisa umthetho aphanda ityala uze uzale izenzo zabo nazo ulwaphulo-mthetho. Maxa wambi kuyenzeka ukuba kweli nqanaba yonke iphela, ingakumbi kwimeko apho nandzu somntu, ayiqinisekiswanga.

Iimpawu ezizodwa kwiinkqubo zolwaphulo kunganxulunyaniswa kwakhona into yokuba emva ntetho ngummi icala, cela inkundla ukuba ukuva ityala ngendlela ethile, okanye yijaji. Ngaloo umhlaseli uluxelayo kubonakaliswa ilungelo, ukukhusela iimfanelo zakhe.

Xa ityala kubhekiselwe enkundleni, umhla ukuva, ngoko kukho isilingo. Inyanzele isigwebo, leyo ezinokuchaswa ngesibheno kwisithuba sexesha elithile. Emva kokuba isigqibo senkundla uqalisa ukusebenza, ukuba ukubulawa kwayo.

ebalulekile

Lo mthombo uphambili imigaqo emisela isohlwayo ngenxa yezenzo zabo, lo Code Criminal. Ngako oko, ukuba umntu waphula umthetho, ngoko, le nto niwugqithayo imida, ngoko kuya sele kuba ngomnye ngabalawulwa inkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho. Ngaphandle kwakhe, kukho abanye abantu abakhoyo:

• ukuba umphandi, umphandi, iofisi yomtshutshisi, inkundla;
• wamdlwengula kanti ummeli yexhoba (le yokugqibela uqeshwe amaxhoba ngokwazo).

Zonke izifundo yobulungisa idibanisa isenzo okungalunganga. Ngoko ke, ngenye inkalo inkqubo Kunzima ubukho okanye ukungabikho ikhonkco kobude phakathi uxwebhu kunye wamdlwengula.

Ukuqwalaselwa kwinkundla

Emva imizimba kophando lokuqala bagqibezele umsebenzi wabo ukuqokelelwa kobungqina, ityala ubizwa umtshutshisi. Emva koko, zonke izinto kunye ukubambana sithunyelwe kwiGosa kwezomthetho. Emva koko, ziyahlelwa umtyholwa sele ezandleni okusesikweni.

Xa kunjalo, ukuba umntu ungxengxeza ityala ukuze ulwaphulo-mthetho, lowo unako ukucela igunya ukubamba intlanganiso ngendlela ekhethekileyo, okt. E., Ngaphandle iimviwo yobungqina, izicelo kunye nodliwano ubungqina. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kuthatha ixesha elininzi. Le peculiarity yenkqubo mthetho kubonakala kwinto yokuba ngummi, owavumayo kunye notshutshiso wavuma ityala lakhe, uya kufumana isivakalisi ubuncinane.

ejaji

Citizen otyholwa ngokwenza ulwaphulo-mthetho kakhulu kakhulu unelungelo lokucela kwiingxoxo babeke abagwebi. Ngapha koko, abenzi bobubi izityholo baqinisekile ukuba labagwebi liya kuqesha isigwebo lighter okanye ungenatyala uya kwenza (ukuba umntu engagwetywanga nokugwetywa).

Trial kwityala lolwaphulo-mthetho ubanjwe kunye inxaxheba jurors elinambini. Noko ke, usihlalo na umsebenzi ngobuchule kurhulumente. Ngoko ke kufuneka umthetho.

Asecaleni kwityala lolwaphulo-mthetho labagwebi sikhona: umtshutshisi woluntu, ixhoba kanti le wamdlwengula ngayo. Emva kokugqitywa ukubongoza, jurors wathumela kwigumbi imfihlo ukuba enze isigqibo. Ukuba imiphumo i ungenatyala, umntu ekhululwe eluvalelweni ekunene enkundleni.

umntu

Kule meko sithetha ngabalawulwa inkqubo-mthetho, ngaphandle apho bekuya kuba nzima ukuba liphande kwaye baveze ulwaphulo-mthetho. Ezi ziquka:

• arhente zokunyanzeliswa komthetho kunye namagosa, ngaphakathi amagunya abo kunye nobugcisa inxaxheba ngokuveza kunye nophando mthetho (abaphandi, abaphandi, abatshutshisi, iinkundla);
• umsolwa - indoda yiyo ukuze benze ulwaphulo-mthetho;
• umtyholwa - uba ngummi emva umcuphi wamwisela babekwe icala;
• ixhoba - umntu othe wahlaselwa umonakalo nomonakalo waphule umthetho;
• nomondli zobuso ekutyholwa ukuba libabekela ityala ukuze ulwaphulo-mthetho;
• iitoliki, amangqina kunye neengcali ziphakathi nxaxheba abaphambili kule nkqubo, ngokuba zinceda kuphela ukuphumeza uphando;
• ummangali civil - umntu othe wahlaselwa umonakalo ngenxa yokuqhutywa umntu-mthetho; It unelungelo ukufaka isimangalo phakathi ukuziphatha kwiinkqubo zolwaphulo-mthetho;
• abameli kwezomthetho nexhoba olugwenxa okanye umhlaseli - abantu abasondeleyo (unina, mzalwana, uyise, udade), kunye nabagcini.

Ngoko ke, ezi zifundo leenkqubo zolwaphulo - bonke abantu inxaxheba kwaye kunceda kuphando lwe-mthetho. Kodwa umsebenzi ophambili lithweswe sokugweba, kamsinya nje ugqiba ityala indoda ukuba ulwaphulo-mthetho okanye akunjalo.

isivumelwano yabucala

Xa kunjalo, ukuba umntu uyavuma ngokupheleleyo ityala lakhe kuyo ulwaphulo-mthetho, lowo unako ukucela inkundla ukuba babambe intlanganiso ngendlela ekhethekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa intlanganiso akayi kubizwa ngokuba yaye indlebe amangqina, kwakunye ahlale ubungqina unexplored eziqokelelweyo. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo ekhethekileyo ukuqwalaselwa ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho kwinkundla kunokwenzeka kuphela xa:

• kwemvume wamdlwengula, ixhoba kunye nokugwetywa yomtshutshisi ngaphandle liqhuba iingxoxo;
• ukuba isigwebo wenqaku kuba ulwaphulo ayikho ngaphezulu kweshumi iminyaka bodwa evela kuluntu;
• ummangalelwa ukuqonda okucacileyo zonke iziphumo ngesi sigqibo;
• kukho ubungqina bokuba lo mntu wenza ulwaphulo-mthetho kwaye netyala lo;
• akukho sizathu yokuvala inkqubo.

Loo inkqubo olulula ukuva ukugcina abasebenzi enkundleni xesha, nto leyo eyimfuneko ukuze isifundo kwezinye iimeko, kubaluleke ngakumbi nezintsonkothileyo, kwakunye nokunciphisa inkcitho karhulumente. Ngaphezu koko, umtyholwa kule meko kota imfutshane ngenxa yeso senzo siya kufumana. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo ekhethekileyo ukuqwalaselwa ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho kwinkundla ingenakusetyenziswa kulophulo kwimeko ukuba igosa elongameleyo unalo yokuthandabuza njengoko etyaleni umntu.

yokuvikela

Igqwetha kwiinkqubo zolwaphulo-unendima ekhethekileyo. Kuyinto basebenza kakuhle ukukhusela lamaqhinga lommangalelwa ivumela igqwetha professional nje kuphela ukunciphisa isigwebo sakhe, kodwa kukhulula ngokupheleleyo client entolongweni. Ngoko ke, lo uMmeli ukhetho kufuneka beze imbopheleleko enkulu. Musani ukukholosa ubomi nomkhuseli wakho wonke, ngokuba akanamdla isibakala sokuba ummangalelwa ecaleni yaye bekhululwa isohlwayo. Kungcono okuqesha ligqwetha wena, emva kokucebisana abantu abasele babuyela kuye uncedo. Kwimeko ukuba imbono isiluleko zabathengi diverge, kuyimfuneko ukunikezela iinkonzo zakhe. Emva kokuthabatha inxaxheba igqwetha kulingo mthetho lowo ngo- zimsulwa umxhasi wakhe, siqinisekile ethile abekwe senkundla Procedure Act.

isigwebo

Phantse wonke kwetyala lolwaphulo iphela kunye inkundla iya kukhupha isenzo yenkqubo ngokubhekiselele wamdlwengula. Esi sivakalisi ingaba siza okanye unetyala. Kuxhomekeka kwindlela inkundla isigqibo. Noko ke, ukuze umngeni isenzo procedural, amaqela makafumane ixesha nexesha elithile. Ngokuqhelekileyo iintsuku ezilishumi.

Isigwebo kwiingxoxo zolwaphulo-mthetho uya ukuthatha isiphumo ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba ungena force. Ukuba umntu ogwetyiweyo waba Wavalelwa yaphambi kwetyala ngethuba lokuqhutywa uphando, eli xesha kufuneka babale isigwebo sakhe.

Emva kokuba bangene force of Act Procedure ungenatyala, umntu unelungelo kwimo ngokupheleleyo.

Amagunya kwityala lolwaphulo

Maxa wambi kuyenzeka ukuba umntu enetyala kwaye igqwetha lakhe bazama ukuba isibheno esichasa isigwebo unfair ukuya kwinkundla ephakamileyo. Ngenxa yoko, isenzo wenkqubo ingathatha iimeko ezimbalwa. Kwimeko apho kwisithili okanye kwinkundla yommandla bayishiya isibheno, umgwebo uqalisa ukusebenza ngoko nangoko. Emva koko ke isenzo zenkqubo ezinokuchaswa ngesibheno kuphela isicelo ngokutsha okugada. Ngapha koko, abantu abaninzi kangaka abantu abafunyenwe benetyala ngokungekho mthethweni, iphumelele ukugwetyelwa ngokupheleleyo novuselelo elandelayo. Kodwa practice, ngoku inqabile kakhulu.

Nangona kunjalo, xa kuxoxwa ityala maxa wambi liphonononga okwenzekayo xa iimeko ezintsha kubonakala ukuba kwenzeka. Ngapha koko, ebomini nantoni na enokwenzeka. Ngoko ke, yokuzisa ityala kwetyala kunye nokugwetywa akuthethi ukuphela ngokupheleleyo kwimveliso. Ingakumbi, ukuba umntu ogwetyiweyo alizithathi ityala kwaye ufuna ukufikelela kwimo ngokupheleleyo.