Iimbacu ku Germany. Zingaphi iimbacu eJamani?

Iingcali ezivela GfdS (Gesellschaft uboya deutsche Sprache) ababini kunye newaka nesiqingatha iingqiqo ezahlukeneyo bakhethe ilizwi ngokufuthi zisetyenziswa ngo-2015. Kwaye ilizwi - "iimbacu". E eJamani, lo mxholo ibisaziwa. Hi ndlela leyi, iingcali ukufumana umdla kule meko akukho sihloko sinye kuphela. Ukuba lidilizwe igama ngocoselelo licandelo bafika kwisigqibo yedanisayo.

Yintoni umthwalo ethwele igama der Flüchtling

Ukususela ngokombono abaphandi ulwimi waseJamani, igama elithi "iimbacu" kuqala akufunekanga ibe lixabiso elingqinelanayo. Inxalenye yokuqala, Flücht ilizwi iingcambu, liguqulelwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ngokuxhomekeke ukusetyenziswa, kodwa isimamva kukodwa ihlazo umdla. Maxa wambi yenza isandi ilizwi ngokusa, umzekelo, i-lomhlali - der Eindringling, stuffer, zhurnalyuga - der Schreiberling, yaye ngamanye amaxesha eli candelo imele into isixando: i examinee - der Prüfling okanye omgcinayo, iwadi - Schützling.

Amagama nale isimamva kwaye la maqela ngabona ngolwimi German. Oko kukuthi, isenzeko - iimbacu eJamani - kuqala ukuze ilunge. Noko ke, kwezinye ithi, umzekelo, e Saxony, ngokufuthi izandi Flüchtige, oko kukuthi - abaphalaphalayo. isimamva ngabeka akakho, Umbala we ilizwi ngovuyo ekhethekileyo nokuphimisela siveza. Noko ke, yonke 2015 yabalasela ingqiqo nalilizwi ngoyena usetyenziswa rhoqo zonke German (hayi kuphela!) Media.

Ministry of Internal Affairs of Germany

Ukuba uqwalasela ngenyameko manani ezinikezelwa yi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa Interior, ngowe-2014 kwaba 758 000 abantu babhalise ziimbacu eJamani. Inani elikhulu bafika ngo-Oktobha - 181 amawaka abantu. Kwiinyanga zokuqala ka-2015 ngomhla kummandla EU kuninceda 340.000 abafuduki, kunye nesabelo yengonyama kubo bahlala eJamani. Apha sithetha kuphela malunga manani ezisemthethweni. Ngeli xesha lonke ukususela ekuqaleni yeemfazwe kuMntla Afrika noMbindi Mpuma, kukho inani elikhulu labantu bahlala njengoko ziimbacu eJamani ngaphandle kubhalisa ngokungekho mthethweni. Iingcali ziqikelela inani labo ngaphezu 200 lamawaka. Kwaye ayikwazi ukuqikelela hlaselo elizayo.

Iimbacu e Germany bayakwazi ukutshintsha ngokupheleleyo eli lizwe idibane nale mbono kuba bonke abakukhathaleleyo inkqubo, kwaye sele ndinexhala lonke Europe. Lo ngumceli-mngeni omkhulu, kwaye ngoku naphi na apho badibana amaJamani - kuloliwe, esitratweni, xa ehamba-moya, ekhefi okanye kwiholide - leyo nyaka kuxoxwa becala kuphela ezo ziganeko, akukho enye isihloko yezopolitiko yabemi German ayisekho ibamba. Zingaphi ziimbacu Germany namhlanje? Lo mbuzo ayiyi kuba nako ukuphendula yingqonyela yaseJamani.

Angela Merkel

Angela Merkel a Masingadinwa ukuphindaphinda: "Sinako!", Kodwa nokuba uya kuba nako ukuphumeza zonke izithembiso abakholwayo iimbacu kwa-Aram kunye namanye amazwe? Lo mbuzo nangoku ayiphendulwanga. Xa simo abezopolitiko eziphezulu, oko wesibini kuphela Vladimiru Putinu kwaye kakuhle ngaphambi uBarack Obama, kodwa bayeke imfazwe kunye ukuvala zonke ungquzulwano zoMbindi Mpuma kunye naseMntla Afrika akukho namnye iye yakwazi. Ngoko ke siyeke ukuba iimbacu agcwalisa eYurophu kwa-Aram, ukuba umlo kukho liyenyuka? Impendulo izicacele - akakho.

Angela Merkel uzama ukuba amsunduze izisombululo zabo kuwo onke amazwe aseYurophu Union, kodwa kunokuba ukuphatha kakubi. amazwe EU e embindini kunye nasempumalanga, lenqaba ukwabelana imiba ezenziwe iintlanga eJamani, eItali, Greece kunye Sweden, okanye ubuncinane sibe nenxaxheba kuzo, nokunika uncedo iimbacu. Ngoko ke, kakhulu Angela Merkel ukuba ukumelana ukuhamba iMuslim ezixandayo kakhulu kuzityeneneza izimvo zoluntu kwimigaqo-nkqubo yazo kungekhona ukuba uwise uqoqosho lweli lizwe.

indlela

Germany yamkela iimbacu abadlula lizwe Balkan, ukunqumla umda Turkey ne Greece, ngokufuthi ngaphandle naliphi na ilungelo sesifumene umda. Leyo ke Convention Geneva kufuneka ekukhuseleni nokuqinisekisa bonke kuyimfuneko kuphela abo bangakwaziyo ukufumana ubume bobumbacu.

Ukuba akukho imfazwe nogonyamelo, abantu kufuneka abuyele kwilizwe lawo. Hlela abantu ngokwelo mgaqo ukuba abemi ithi Balkan, kwaye kufuneka sazi ukuba abakwazi ukumelana zonke. Kwaye bona bazimisele ukuba enye eSweden, Austria Germany. Ngoko ke, lo Schengen liyanqunyanyiswa eJamani laqalisa ulawulo umda. Imeko emideni kwabakho kakhulu, kunzima kakhulu.

uncedo iimbacu

Germany sele uhlangene ingxaki kuqoqosho olomeleleyo. Irekhodi kwengeniso kwenzeka ngo-2015 - euro 671,7 billion, ngoko kulula ukuba achaze yangaphambili nethemba Volfganga Shoyble, umphathiswa ezemali waseJamani. Imeko yeembacu wafuna iindleko ezinkulu, kodwa ngowama-2016 iSebe amandla kwincitho kurhulumente. mali. E Jamani, nani lisezantsi abangasebenziyo ebhalisiweyo - Abantu-2.6 million, imarike kwesiqingatha sesigidi izithuba.

Yiyo loo nto iingcali zikholelwa ukuba iJamani anikwe ubume bobumbacu elinokunikwa bonke abantu abanomdla, ngenxa yokuba kuphela ekuqaleni kuya kuba yingxaki, ngoko eli lizwe liya kujongana nokuba inzuzo kwezoqoqosho - ukudityaniswa eluntwini German of abasabileyo engqesho ngempumelelo. Le umthwalo enkulu phezu ulawulo lwesakhiwo yayo yonke, kunye labemi, apho kuya kufuneka ubonise imimangaliso ukunyamezelana kunye ngaphezu indima ebonakalayo bayahlelwa amajoni ezayo.

nokuhlaliswa

processing Online kwezicelo abhace njengoko iimbacu - ayikho ingxaki enkulu. Ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu kulo lonke ilizwe ukufumana okanye ukwenza ukusuka ekuqaleni ulungele iimeko zasebusika zokuphila lamanqaku zokuhlala. Okokuqala bonke abo banikwa ubume bobumbacu. Germany ojamelana nayo kakhulu, maxa wambi nkqu ukumelana. E Hamburg, umzekelo, bathimbe kwizakhiwo ezingenabantu mveliso, ngokuchasene nemithetho ezininzi, nto leyo mpikiswano kunokuba ezimbi zoluntu.

Kutheni kuphela amalungelo baseJamani wemveli ekusombululeni ingxaki ongenelelo - umba lowo asinguwo yondele kakhulu ngexesha lengxoxo. koluntu lweendawo zasezidolophini kunye nezixeko indawo okwexeshana ziimbacu zokwenza umthambo - Sports Union German similise amawaka ngakumbi kubo ngenxa yale njongo. Umzekelo, e Bremen wahlala yesithathu yenani lilonke izibonelelo zemidlalo. Amaqela kunye amaqela ezemidlalo baye balahlekelwa ithuba lokuba baqeqeshe, iye amatyala amaninzi sivelise abadlali elungileyo imibutho yezemidlalo.

ezezindlu

iimbacu zoMbindi Mpuma kunye Afrika azinza eJamani ixesha elide, kufuneka ukuba ufumane indawo yokuhlala, kodwa imarike real estate cheap kufanelekile ukuba iintsapho omkhulu Oriental, ingakumbi kwiidolophu ezinkulu, lifumana iingxaki ezininzi. kwezindlu Social kukuba kubonelelwe ngurhulumente, lehla esibonakalayo ngaphambili kule minyaka ilishumi ukususela ngo-2002 ukuya ngo-2013, phantse yaba sisigidi nesiqingatha zokuhlala, kunye nemfuneko kuba sele wokufika enkulu kakhulu iimbacu.

Phakathi ziqwempu lemivuzo ephantsi labemi kuya kuvela nakanjani ukhuphiswano kunye ukungoneliseki ezikhulayo kulo mba. Le meko efanayo nengqesho: umvuzo ubuncinane ka-euro 8.5 ngeyure ukuze lincitshiswe ngokuqinisekisa imeko yengqesho iimbacu kunye Federal Association of German Entrepreneurs Union ngokupheleleyo le meko. Ukuzimisela ukunceda iimbacu ezivela labemi waseJamani lusengozini.

isikolo

Ukuqala umsebenzi, kuyimfuneko ukuba abafudukayo afunde isiJamani. Ukuze wenze oku, kukho izifundo. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo evela kwabasemagunyeni yanikwa UN Rights Convention of oMntwana. abantwana zeembacu nje kuphela ukuba ilungelo lokuya esikolweni, kodwa, njengoko kubhaliweyo emthethweni ezinye States Federal kunyanzelekileyo ukuba enze njalo, nokuba imo yokuhlala kweli lizwe akachazwanga ngokupheleleyo. Umsebenzi ukuhlanganiswa - intlungu phantse kuzo zonke izikolo waseJamani.

Kwidolophu encinane abafundi 300-500 kufuneka abantwana 70-100 abaye kuphela ukuqalisa ukufunda ulwimi waseJamani. Kwaye akukho nje Aram, abantwana abaninzi United of the Balkan Peninsula, Hungary, Czech Republic, Bulgaria, ePoland, apho abazali bakhe bakwazi ukufumana umsebenzi eJamani. Iiklasi ezizodwa axineneyo, abaninzi kangaka abantwana abanjalo kufuneka ukuba baye kwiiklasi rhoqo, apho Kakade ke, ningaqondi; ngaloo ndlela kokuphazamisa ukusebenza nezinye iinkqubo ugrade. kulindeleke ubunzima ethile, Kakade ke, ootitshala, ukuzibophelela sele esengozini ezinokwenzeka.

Zasa nasemdeni

abafakwa ziya kuvunywa ubume bobumbacu, khangela ukuba umsebenzi - oko umbuzo imibuzo. Ukuqwalasela ubungakanani uncedo lwemali abazifumanayo, kunokwenziwa isigqibo sokuba oko kwenzeke. Ngenxa yoko, Germany - igranti iimbacu 400-450 kowethu ngenyanga umntu ngamnye. Denmark - 1400 kowethu, Sweden - malunga 800 euro ngenyanga umntu ngamnye. Xa siqwalasela laph iingcambu kwi-European Union ngokukhawuleza, ngokubhala ukusuka kwilizwe lakhe lokuzalwa ngabazali, nabafazi, nabantwana, neenkamela, kufuneka basebenze yenza akukho ndlela, imali ngokwaneleyo.

Europe ijongene lukhetho ukuba ayidlale ngeenkcubeko ezohlukileyo nokuba zinyamezelane, xa kunqandwa imiphumo kakhulu emibi? Eneneni, phantsi ngesebe zeembacu Germany kunye namanye amazwe EU ndzulu amalungu kakhulu olukhulu imibutho umlomo nakwezinye iindawo, ke ngoko, ubunqolobi liya uphahla oluthembekileyo ngakumbi phezu kweentloko zabo.

imiphumela

Malunga uqhankqalazo phakathi jikelele kwabantu eJamani akukho mbuzo, loo nto kuthelekiswa iingxaki kungekudala oko kuya kufuneka ugqibe ukuba ulwaphulo-mthetho uhlanga ( "ngokundanga" kwi Cologne sele zenzekile), ukwanda yehlabathi esifanayo ebomini eli lizwe, njengoko abemi bamazwe Muslim kwahluka kakhulu ngokungafaniyo nabo, zivela abacinga yaseJamani kunye, awukwazi ukumelana amasiko abo kunye nendlela yokuphila.

Baya kuhlala lavalwa, njengesiqhelo kwaye yonke indawo. Ngakumbi njengoko kwabantu bomthonyama akunakwenzeka ukuba kuxhotyiswa ngokwenene amaxabiso amazwe. Kuba bonke ubalwe kulula kakhulu, umzekelo, ukubala, hayi nokuba extra ngokunyebelezela inkampu yeembacu. Germany akakafiki ukulawula ukungena abafakwa mthethweni.

abaqiniseki

Kuloyiko kunye amaJamani loyiko kakuhle nisekelwe. Ukuxhalaba ikhula babo ezandayo inani zamanene. Ngesi sihlandlo, kukho ukusebenza kwemibutho lasekunene-iphiko. State Debt ukhuphiswano kwanda kwimarike real estate ukhula. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo - impembelelo ye Islam eJamani iya nodandatheko. Zonke ezi ngxaki, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba iimbacu kwiirivyu Germany kuqokelelwa nje wempahla: amaqumrhu Interactive ukuba ndii, sewayini phantsi kwengcinezelo amagunya, abo kufuneka akhusele umgaqo-nkqubo karhulumente.

Kodwa ke amaJamani okokuqala kwiminyaka yakutshanje baye bacinga ungakhuselekanga ngokupheleleyo: inshorensi zonyango kubiza kakhulu, kodwa ukuba unyango ukuba babhatale ngakumbi, izivumelwano emisebenzi ngexesha (enyanisweni, akuqinisekisi kuphela umvuzo ubuncinane) ukuba ngaphambili kwenzeka kuphela kwimisebenzi yoyilo, inkamnkam baphelile zizinze. Kwaye konke oku wongezelela iingozi ngemihla lugonyamelo ukutshabhisa ngokuthi 'angene amanani amakhulu "abafakwa.