Ifilosofi Feuerbach

Kwintanda-bulumko Feuerbach linqanam lokugqibela -bulumko yamandulo German, bemelwe yi Kant, Hegel, Schelling, Fichte, kwaye ekuqaleni kweminyaka eziphathekayo kwi Isijamani kwakunye ehlabathini-bulumko. Ubutyebi izimvo kunye nokuqaqamba ehlekisayo yakhe indibanisela elimangalisayo xenga iimbono zakhe. Of ngokwakhe, wathi into yokuqala uThixo, kwaye eyesibini - ingqondo, kwaye eyesithathu yokugqibela - mntu. Wasinda wasePhasis intanda ezintathu ingakhangelwa kwimbali yoluntu, wayeka ekugqibeleni.

Lyudvig Feyerbah (1804 - 1872) wazalelwa kwintsapho wolwaphulo mthetho, ebutsheni bakhe imfundo yezenkolo, ukuphulaphula Hegel eBerlin.

Wayekholelwa kwintanda-bulumko yimibono ebuhleni inkolo, ekuchaseni bulumko kunye nonqulo ubuntu babo. Xa intliziyo unqulo, wabona ukholo yeemfundiso bulumko - ulwazi kunye nomnqweno ukufumana uhlobo yezinto. Ngoko ke, lo bulumko ukugxekwa Feuerbach kaThixo ijolise ndahlukane unqulo nokuphila zonqulo ezivela ukukhohlisa. Wabiza indoda inxalenye (eziphambili) ngemvelo, hayi indalo kaThixo.

Umngxilo Feuerbach na umntu, umphefumlo , yaye izeziphi simzimba mnye. Ngelo xesha linye ingqalelo ngakumbi ihlawulwa sobulumko, umzimba, apho, ngokwembono yakhe, eyenza kakuhle eli "I". Kokugxeka abanemibono, nokutyhilwa zabo zokufunda kunye nekhono lokuhlaziya, Feuerbach ubhenela Eyokuqiqa inkanuko. Ukholelwa ukuba owona mthombo wolwazi - mbono oschuscheniya-, ngaphandle kwebala, nokuva, ivumba, apho ilifa yinyani lokwenene. Ngoncedo lwabo ukwazi izimo zengqondo.

Wayilahla ubunyani supersensible nolwazi abstract ngokusebenzisa isizathu, nto leyo kugqalwa neembono idealist. Lo bulumko yemvelaphi ye Feuerbach icebisa ukutyhilwa entsha ingcamango "object". Ngokutsho Feuerbach, oko kwenziwa xa abantu ukunxibelelana, ngoko ke into yokuba umntu - ukuba umntu eyahlukileyo. I-intercom, abantu esiza, ukuziphatha yokuzinikela ukuba abantu bafanele endaweni uthando nolulahlekisayo lukaThixo. Le yokugqibela wabiza ifomu ningazani kunye lobuxoki luthando.

Kunye ne Hegel ukholelwa ngamandla engqiqo kunye nemfuneko ulwazi. Enye into etsala ingqondo leyo kwintanda-bulumko Feuerbach, na imfundiso tuizme. Ukholelwa ukuba ukuthembeka yokuba ekhoyo zabo iimvakalelo zabantu. Akazange abashiye umdla yakhe kumba zonqulo yokuziphatha, ngoko lo mba intanda yakhe waphuhliswa nzulu kakhulu kwaye esemagqabini ngaphezu imibuzo nolwazi.

icala umdla leyo kwintanda-bulumko Feuerbach, e isityhilo yakhe yonqulo. Kuyinto imfundiso yakhe psychogenesis zonqulo view ehlabathini. Ufuna ukubonisa uluntu wavela njani ukutyhubela iinkulungwane inqubo yonqulo. bemkhanyela uMnini Extrasensory yonke into alikho sezingqondweni ngemvelo yabantu, udla naturalism kunye Thixo.

Feuerbach na incazelo yakhe iinkolelo zonqulo ngokomoya psychogenesis neemvakalelo. Bantwana, savages kunye nabantu oluphucukileyo azimisele ukuba bayile iimpawu zazo yangaphandle (anthropomorphism) ngokulinganayo. Kwaye unqulo uhlobo ibalulekileyo owaqaphela loo ulangazelelo - ukuyila imisebenzi engcono kwe "Mna" wakhe, iingcinga zakho, iminqweno kunye neemvakalelo kumfanekiso kaThixo. ubuchule benkolo kunceda umntu ukuphelisa ukungangqinelani ukuba ekugqibeleni, phakathi iminqweno yakhe impumelelo kunye abathi banolwazi ukuze sazi. UThixo wadala umntu ngokomfanekiso wakhe, kodwa koko, le ndoda abehlala esenza ngako oothixo bazo. Kwaye la izithixo - oonyana iminqweno yabantu.

Injalo ifilosofi Feuerbach. Chaza oko kuboniswa kule miba kakhulu umdla. Kubaluleke kakhulu umdla ngokwasengqondweni, hayi icala nobuntu. ezama ukucacisa inkqubo ngemvelaphi yelizwe zonqulo entsha yokuqala. iingcamango sinzulu Feuerbach yaba negalelo uphando ngembali unqulo Renan, Gávea, Strauss, Vol. SN Trubetskoy kunye nabanye. Bona ezilandelwa luthotho wezifundo ngenkcazo unqulo eyayingekaphuhli (Lubbock, Tylor, Spencer, Group, kunye nabanye.). iingcamango yakhe yaba nempembelelo enkulu neenkokeli Democracy German Social: Marx, Engels, kunye nabanye.