I-Red Book of the Republic of Komi izilwanyana. Izilwanyana kwakunye nezityalo Olubomvu Book of the Republic of Komi: igama, photo

Emva yeSibini kweMfazwe Yehlabathi, okokuqala abantu baye baqaphela ukuba ukwahlukana kweentlobo enezityalo nezilwanyana uphantsi kwentsongelo. Enkosi izifundo ezininzi, oosonzululwazi bafumanisa ukuba ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-17 shwaka ebusweni iintlobo ezininzi enezityalo nezilwanyana.

Imbali yeNcwadi Red

Umzekelo, andizange akukho bani namhlanje wadibana negobo 20-phawundi elijongeka usiba. Ngelo xesha, kwakukho intaka omkhulu waza wabiza idodo. Abantu alichitha kwakunye tarpan kutshatyalaliswa (amahashe zasendle), ukhenketho kunye neemazi ulwandle. Ezi zilwanyana ziya kusoloko kuhlala kumaphepha abamnyama kwezintlu zokhuseleko yehlabathi.

Ngenxa yokuba abantu ucinga ngemiphumo, okunene wathi imfazwe izilwanyana kunye nezityalo le planethi, kwenziwe isigqibo esifanelekileyo ukuyila umbutho ngamazwe ukukhusela indalo. Isiphumo umsebenzi wayo kwakuyimini yokulungiselela i-Red Book of izibakala. Igama lokugqibela lesihloko lifinyele ngokwendalo, kunye nomsebenzi waqala ngokugcwaliswa amaphepha ayo bala. Loo umbala shades ezahlukeneyo sheets icacisiweyo apho ezidweliswe iindidi kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo yokuduka.

Kakade ke, i-Red Book jikelele, nto leyo ethatha ingqalelo zonke iintlobo ezisengozini ayikwazi zidalwe, ngoko ezi zintlu wabonakala kumazwe amaninzi. Musa barhuqe emva kwaye eSoviet Union. I-Red Book of the USSR lwapapashwa okokuqala ngo-1978. Emva koko, uye ngokuphindaphindiweyo iprintwe, unenzondelelo izongezelelo ezahlukeneyo. Kakade ke, ukuze anciphise uluhlu jikelele, ukuba kumafa kwalo ziiriphabliki ezininzi kunye nemimandla, a lizwe abakwazanga. Isiphumo yabhalwa Red Book of the Republic of Komi. Izilwanyana nezityalo, abamagama zabekwa kumaphepha ayo kufundwe ngenyameko yaye yathathwa phantsi nokhuselo karhulumente.

iimpawu zezakhiwo

Regional Red Book izilwanyana Komi Republic yahlulwe ngeentlobo, iqela ngalinye ebezikade yayo. Le ukwahlukana kwi ukubonisa amanani ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya ku-5, apho 0 - olu hlobo ukuba kungenzeka anyamalala ngonaphakade ukusuka kumhlaba weRiphablikhi. Ngaphezu koko, ukuze:

1. Population, ogama nani yehlile kakhulu.
2. Forms kancane inyamalala. It ufuna ngaphandle izinto ezinegalelo kulo.
3. amaqela Rare enezityalo nezilwanyana. Inani labo elincinane kungenxa yokuba ezi ntlobo bahlala kwiindawo ezithintelweyo okanye amanzi.
4. Izilwanyana kwakunye nezityalo yemeko ngezwi elingaqondakaliyo, kodwa ezifuna amanyathelo.
5. Athole zezinto kungekudala abasayi kuba adinga ukhuseleko ekhethekileyo.

Ubukumkani nomngundo, iintaka, izinambuzane kwaye zisenokungahoywa Red Book of the Republic of Komi. Izilwanyana nezityalo kulo yakhiwe ngokucacileyo njengoko iqondo lokutshabalala. Kakade ke, ekuhambeni kwexesha le ncwadana akayi kusinda utshintsho okanye ezongeziweyo. Okwangoku, esi ngodaba kuquka malunga nama-100 iintlobo zezilwanyana, iintlobo-800 mushroom zobukumkani yabaMeli kwakunye neentlobo 1158 kwezityalo ezinemigca.

Apho ayifihli brown bat elide-ekusasazweni kwesi?

Le bat ngokuzithemba wathabatha ilungelo Red Book of the Republic of Komi. Izilwanyana iinkcukacha eziqulathwe kule kumaphepha ale iziqinisekiso zokhuseleko zendalo, ngokufanelekileyo ziqukwe kolu luhlu. ifanelwe isifundo eneenkcukacha Ngoko brown bat elide-amafubesi na. Yohlanga likhona ngathi ibhabhathane, le mouse akuxhaphakanga kakhulu. Ukuba uhlawula ingqalelo ezindlebeni zawo ezinde, lo ezincinane elandelayo kubonakala: kudala-eared bat kokuba ebekhe wazifihla ubeka iindlebe zakho ngaphantsi kwamaphiko aso, yaye ezinye Kozelki ahlale ngaphandle. Oku kunika uhlobo lwesilwanyana isidalwa encinane zazineempondo. Amaphiko alo Bat amafutshane ebanzi ngamava ngokwaneleyo. ubunzima yezilwanyana ifikelela 14 g.

Habitat kwezi zilwanyana ezinqabileyo kakhulu amahlathi ezinkulu, ezifana hlathi, iilali ashiya, iilwandle kunye namatye okugcina amanzi. Afternoon brown elide-eared bat yokuzimela kwindawo ephantsi kophahla, woodpile, emigodini emithi, nkqu phantsi kwemiqhele window. Ibhokhwe luqina engentle kumbindi ekwindla. Ukususela ngo-Oktobha, bat elide-ekusasazweni kwesi ilala phantsi bubuthongo, befuna ngokwabo efanelekileyo ezibuhlazarha, ongaphantsi okanye iwayini.

izilwanyana Cute, kodwa ukuzikhusela ngokufuthi wabulawa ngenxa isiphoso sabantu. Oku lula kwamahlathi omkhulu. Usana naye uyakwazi ukubulala ubusika nzima kakhulu kwaye yokusilela indawo ethembekileyo.

Animals Red Book of the Republic of Komi: nomvundla

Esi silwanyana sikhulu ifikelela ubunzima wayedla-7, kodwa yohlukile nangobungakanani bayo ethe-ethe. Uboya nomvundla yi ukhanye ezahlukeneyo kunye silkiness, uye imibala eziliqela, omdaka ukuya kumnquma. Amehlo obomvu irhamncwa, iincam ngeendlebe elide ngabantu abamnyama nangaliphi na ixesha enyakeni. Animal ohleli nemihlaba yeenkuni, iintlambo komlambo, amasimi, kwaye ngokubanzi ukhetha ukuhlala kwiindawo ezivulekileyo. Njengoko iyaziwa, kukho umvundlana - nakhaya. Indawo yokuphumla yakhe nawuphi na ityholo ofanelekileyo. Umsebenzi nomvundla liveza kakhulu ebusuku. Uthanda ukuba ukwanela zengca, amaxolo, amasebe, okanye imbewu.

I-Red Book of the Republic of Komi izilwanyana kungekho sizathu iquka kuludwe zalo irhamncwa, kuba kaninzi into kuzingela. Kwakhona, inani iintlobo kuxhomekeke kwimisebenzi yabantu. Ngamanye amaxesha nomvundla kunokubangela umonakalo izihlahla kwaye ukuba Isithunywa toxoplasmosis.

imbali imbila

Abameli usapho least akazange ngoyaba Red Book of the Republic of Komi. Izilwanyana, photo leyo zithiwe thaca kwiphepha le kakhulu inqabile. Phakathi kwawo ke imbila yaseYurophu. Ubunzima kulo silwanyana sikhulu kuyahlukana nedlela ngexesha lonyaka: iimbila ebusika ukuze bafumane ubunzima ukuya kuma-24 kg. Amabhinqa akamelwanga kancinci lighter ezincinane ngaphezu into eyindoda, ngoxa inkunzi abadala ifikelela phantse kwimitha ubude. Nzima imbila noboya ehlotyeni ipeyintwe mnyama kakhulu i ngakumbi ebusika. Beast uhleli ikakhulu kwiRiphabliki Komi amahlathi, ezikhethwe ngenxa ngokwabo imifula. Zamahlengezi bahlala ngababini, yaye ngokufuthi singakhi nazindlu zokuba iintsapho ezininzi ekuthiwa iimbila mzi. Izilwanyana aba izidla-kakhulu adla. Umphumo waba omkhulu yabo xa bethelekiswa nabona amathumbu zomzimba (ubude bawo amaxesha 8 ubungakanani lomzimba).

Ukucutha abantu sengathi (nobusika kakhulu) zendalo kunye (ukugawulwa, ukuzingela) izinto zabantu.

Yintoni pika cwaka?

Kwakhona Red Book izilwanyana Komi Republic iquka elinye ilungu ngokomyalelo lagomorphs - Northern Pika. Esi silwanyana othobekileyo sifana kakhulu nempuku kwaye ayidluli ubukhulu bayo. woboya Animal umbala kufana irusi. Kulo mmandla le pikas ndawo bahlala ikakhulu kwiindawo weentaba. pikas Northern lwemfundo elikhethekileyo isaziso: ingozi wenze impempe eliphezulu-bamisa. Refuges kubo ezi zikhewu phakathi kwamakhulu. Izilwanyana kakhulu ukonga: ke upakishe feed mfumba uzisithelise kuyo kwiindawo esitheleyo.

Izilwanyana ayinanto kakhulu, ngoko baphantsi wokhuseleko karhulumente. Inani bancipha ngenxa kuphuhliso ore esebenzayo kule ngingqi. Phantse yonke indawo of pikas emantla iwela kumhlaba ekhuselweyo, ukuvumela ukuba ugcine inani ekutshabalaleni.

Kunye loon nathi siyagcuma ...

I-Red Book of the Republic of Komi izilwanyana inceda ukukhusela abo Ubutyebi bendalo yommandla abantu lunxano unqwenela ukuba amanyathelo, akazange abe kunexesha lako. Phakathi uhlobo ziqukwe kuluhlu awayesibawela, i intaka lentsapho Gagarovyh - Diver Black-umqala. Le ntaka ubungakanani enkulu kangangoko, kakhulu ngathi goose encinane. komzimba iinkunzi ifikelela 3 kg. ngcembe Iintsiba umbala uziguqule omnyama ukuya olukhulu emhlophe. Loon intamo ende kunye ngomlomo elimxinwa. Iintaka abaye bakhetha intsimi behlathi-eyetundra emathafeni. Xa loon hlathi ngcu emachibini ihlathi. Ke ukuba ubusika, iintaka bakhetha ukuba amiswe kwimimandla yonxweme.

Loon iintshaba e ngokwemvelo iimpungutye, ama kunye skuas. Kwakhona, iintaka engenako ukumelana ixhala phezu inxalenye yabantu. Xa umzimba wamanzi wamthanda loon badla zahazhivayut abantu, iintaka ngeke indlwane apho. Ngamanye amaxesha iintaka bayasweleka iminatha yokuloba. Ukongeza, ungcoliseko lwamanzi ngu imveliso yemichiza kunye nepetroliyam, kakhulu, oko kunceda kokundiza.

Gold Ugra poppy

Xa sijonga le lihlaba poppy yellow Ugra, nabani uyaqonda ukuba ayizizo zonke icace kakhulu kwihlabathi lethu. Emva sonke ukuba iyihlanganise nge eyahlukileyo umbala poppy obomvu. Esi sityalo angehli ifumaneka ecaleni iibhedi komlambo, apho eselunxwemeni echokoziweyo kunye iingqalutye. Ngamanye amaxesha Ugra poppy zifumaneka kwiindawo nezifumileyo emathafeni. imbewu zisasazwa sisithili umoya, nto leyo inegalelo ukwanda kwabo.

I ngokukhawuleza ukutshatyalaliswa kweentlobo ezinqabileyo ngenxa kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho iindawo lokhenketho kunye nemisebenzi yabantu yaphandle. Kungenxa yoko le nto Ugra Poppy lahlala phezu amaphepha encwadi oluBomvu.

Mushroom ikhaphetshu okanye apho ungajonga ulonwabo nomvundla?

Sparrasis robot - ngoko ebizwa Latin kwisityalo, leyo kuthiwa mushroom ekhaya okanye ikhaphetshu emqhokrweni wengxondorha. Le ngundo sisidleleli phezu imithi, ngokukhetha ubomi imithi ikakhulu coniferous. Plant ukunyanzela with ubukhulu kunye nobunzima baso. Mushroom mass ifikelela 5-10 kg kwaye 60 neesentimitha ubukhulu. Maxa wambi ikhula ukuya iisentimitha-30 ukuphakama. Yena kuthwa ikuku nemisedare azincedi nto ngokuchasene noko, uchaphazela iingcambu ukubola. Imbonakalo emqhokrweni ebonakala ikhaphetshu, olugobileyo okanye isithinzi ezitsolo. Xa usemncane le mushroom ayinakutyiwa.

Izityalo zimpahla ezizodwa mushroom anazo ukusebenza antitumor. Oku komeleza umzimba umzimba kwaye iquka la macandelo elwa. Sparrasis olugobileyo lokuvala - ukubonakala esinqabileyo. Ngomhla kummandla Komi Republic wadibana naye kufuphi Vychegda. Ngelishwa, le ngundo phantse batshatyalaliswe ngenxa imililo kunye nokungazinzi ngenxa nangokukrola amahlathi ezindala-ukukhula.

ukubaluleka i Red Book of the Republic of Komi. Izilwanyana, apho amagama avele kuso, zifakiwe kuluhlu ukhuseleko lwengingqi, kunye nokubaluleka jikelele ngakumbi. Amaphepha Red Book kukhunjuzwa kuluntu imfuneko yokukhusela ihlathi iliso awandibabala kuthi ngokwemvelo.