I-Heart hump: izizathu, ukuxilongwa, unyango

Ngesinye isikhathi, loo ntsholongwane, njengentliziyo yentliziyo, yayiqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, loo matyala awanqabile, abantu abaninzi banomdla ngolwazi olongezelelweyo malunga nendlela kunye nezizathu zokugula.

Iyintoni intliziyo yentliziyo?

Enyanisweni, iminyaka engama-300-400 edlulileyo, ukuphulwa okunjalo kwakungeke kumangalise umntu. Intliziyo ye-heart is a deformation of thorax, apho i-sternum kunye neentambo ziqhubela phambili, kwaye i-scapula ne-clavicle ziphakanyiswa.

Ngenhlanhla, unyango lwangoku lunikeza amathuba amatsha okuxilongwa kunye nonyango, kwaye ngoko ke izifo ezinokukhubazeka ziqabile kakhulu (ikakhulukazi kwiindawo ezinamayeza angatshitshisiweyo / angenakufikeleleka okanye abantu abangenalo unyango lwabo).

Uluhlobo luni?

I-Heart hump yimbangela yokuzalwa komntwana okanye ifunyenwe kwiintsholongwane zenhliziyo zakuqala. Inyaniso kukuba ezinye izifo zibangelwa i-hypertrophy ye-ventricles yentliziyo. Ngenxa yokunyuka kobunzima be-myocardium, i-push push during the contraction inamandla ngakumbi, okwenene, kubangela ukuba i-sternum iqhube.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba indawo yangempela esifubeni ingabunjwa kuphela kwintsana. Ngeli xesha, iimbambo kunye ne-sternum azikadluli ixesha le-ossification kwaye zibandakanya kakhulu izicubu ezinomzimba, ezinokulula ukunikela kwiinguqu ezihlukeneyo zomzimba kunye nokuguqulwa. Kwizigulane zabantu abadala, isifuba esinesifo senhliziyo sisiguqu.

I-Convexity kwi-sternum ingafumaneka kwindawo, ishintshela ngakwesobunxele okanye ngasekunene kuxhomekeke kwiinguqu kwiintliziyo zentliziyo. Kwimeko nayiphi na imeko, ukuba uqaphele imfundo enjalo kumntwana, kuyimfuneko ukuba udibane nangoko ugqirha.

Iimbangela eziphambili ze-chest deformation

Njengoko sele sichazwe ngentliziyo, i-heart hump ingqina ubungqongqo, njengommiselo, isifo senhliziyo esiswini. Eli qumrhu ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kwamamoriki liyaziwa ukuba lifakwe kwisiqithi se-aortic. Ngaphantsi kwefuthe leemeko ezahlukeneyo, ukubunjwa kungaphazamiseka. Ngokomzekelo, i-septa ye-interpretricular interstricular yentliziyo ihlala iphosakele. Phakathi kweziqhelo eziqhelekileyo zalo mzimba yi-Botallov evulekile.

Akunakwenzeka kuzo zonke iimeko kunokwenzeka ukucacisa isizathu esona sizathu sokuphuhliswa kwezifo zentliziyo, ngakumbi xa kuziwa kwiifom zabo zokuzalwa. Kukho izinto ezimbalwa zengozi. Umzekelo, ukuxhatshazwa komzimba kamama ngotywala, iicicin kunye nezidakamizwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa kuthathwa njengengozi kumntwana. I-Anomalies ingahlakulela kunye nokutyhefuza kakubi komama ngamakhemikhali ahlaseleyo (kuboniswe, umzekelo, xa usebenza kwimveliso enobungozi).

Kwizizathu zithwala izifo ezithathelwanayo ezithunyelwa ngexesha lokuphumeza komntwana, kuquka i-herpes, i-rubella. Ukungabikho kwamaprotheni kunye namavithamini ekudleni komama ozayo kungakhokelela ekubunjweni okungalunganga kwezicubu zesisu. Enyanisweni, zonke izinto ezinobungozi azikwazi ukubalwa.

Yintoni ebonakalayo kwinkqubo yokuxilonga?

Ayikho imfihlelo yokuba kwiimeko ezininzi, i-deformation yesifuba inxulumene nokulimala okanye izifo zesistim se-musculoskelet. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuqhuba ukuxilongwa ngokuthe ngqo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba kukho intliziyo yangempela kunye nokuseka imbangela yokubonakala kwayo.

Ukuba uhlola iingongoma zokuphulaphula intliziyo, unokubona ukuba i- apical impulse kwindawo yesithandathu okanye i-hypochondrium yesixhenxe iyomelezwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo izifo zesimo senhliziyo zihamba kunye nokuvuvukala kweemvini zentamo nokunyuka kweempahla kwiinqanawa, ezinokuthi zivezwe lula ngesikhumba kunye nezicubu ezincinci. Kufanelekile ukuthobela ingqalelo kwi-cyanosis - isikhumba sobuso kunye nemilebe yomntwana ufumana uphawu oluthile lwebluish.

Ulwazi olunolwazi olongezelelweyo lunikezwa ngentetho yentliziyo. Iminwe inokuvakalelwa "ukuthuthumela" kwindawo yesifuba. Ukongezelela, iingcali ziyakubona iqhosha elincinci ngexesha le-systole, ngenxa yoko isifuba siphume. Ukuhlula kwentliziyo kunika ugqirha isizathu sokugxeka ubukho besifo senhliziyo kwisigulane esincinane. Emva koko ezinye iindlela ezibalulekileyo zokuxilonga ziyenziwa, kubandakanya isifuba kunye ne-X-ray, ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound kwemithambo yegazi kunye nentliziyo. Iimvavanyo zegazi kunye neemvavanyo ze-rheumatic zenziwa.

Ngaba ukubonakaliswa kwentsholongwane kunokwenzeka xa ukhulile?

Njengoko sele kukhankanywe, intliziyo iqhubekile, njengomthetho, ibonakalisa ebuntwaneni. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izifo zesimo senqwelo ye-cardiovascular system zingabangela ukuba i-cheformation deformation ibe kubantu abadala.

Ngokomzekelo, ezinye iindidi ze- pericarditis exudative zihamba kunye ne-protrusion ye-intercostal. Izibonakaliso zesi sifo zibukeka zincinane. Umzekelo, ukuze uhlole iingongoma zokuphulaphula intliziyo, isiguli kufuneka sihlale. Kuyabonakala ukuba impembelelo ye-apical ibuthathaka kakhulu. Intliziyo izandi zizithulu, kwaye xa ukhangeleka ungayiva izandi zokungqubuzana kwe-pericardium.

Esinye isizathu sokutshintsha kwesifuba si-aneorysm ye-aortic. Njengomthetho, ukugula okunjalo kukhula ekukhuleni. Ngamanye amaxesha i-aneurysm ibonakala nangona kuhlolwa kwemiboniso - inomxholo ojikelezekileyo, amathambo esithambo ngaphezu kwe-atrophies, kwaye ulusu lufumana i-hue ebomvu. Esi sifo sibonakaliso sokungenelela ngophala.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango olwenziwe ngamachiza anamhlanje?

Ngokwemvelo, ekuqaleni, i-cardiologist iqhuba uviwo olupheleleyo, ihlola intliziyo yomntwana, iimvavanyo eziyimfuneko, njl njl. Ukwakhiwa kwe-hump kungqina ukuba kukho izifo zentliziyo ezinzulu, oko ngokwayo kubonakalisa ukungenelela kokusebenza.

Ukuba unyango olugqithisiweyo lwenziwa ngexesha, ukuchithwa kwesifuba kusenokulungiswa, ngoko amathambo aya kukhula ngokubhekiselele kwisimo esifanelekileyo. Kwimeko apho i-hump ayikwazi ukupheliswa yindlela yendalo, isigqibo senziwa kwi-plastiki yokubuyiswa kweefom eziqhelekileyo ze-sternum kunye nezimbambo.