"I-bulb yokukhanya i-Ilyich" ithathelwe indawo yombane

Umthombo othembisayo kakhulu wokukhanya kule mihla, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, izibane ze-LED. Ukuba ngumkhiqizo wanamhlanje we-high-tech, i-bulb ye-LED igqithise ngokuthe gqolo i-bulb ye-incandescent yendabuko, kwakunye neendidi ezahlukahlukeneyo zamagcisa okugcina amandla avela kutshanje kwimakethe yokukhanyisa ekhaya.

Inxalenye ethile yembali

Ukuphuma kokukhanya njengoko umbane wamandla ogqityiweyo kwisixhobo sombane we- semiconductor saziwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Ngoko, uHenry Joseph Round, umvelisi wase-UK, ngo-1907 wachaza umphumo we-electroluminescence xa umbane wamandla ugqitha kwi-al-silicon carbide ibini, ehamba kunye ne-yellow, eluhlaza kunye ne-orange kwi-cathode. Uvavanyo olulinganayo lwenziwe ngowe-1923 ngu-Soviet ososayensi u-Oleg Losev (ngokusesikweni, ukufika ekuqaleni kwee-1970, izazinzulu zaseMelika zibhale isibhakabhaka se-LED njenge "Losev Light", ekugqibeleni leli gama lilibalekile). Kodwa ke oko kufumanisa akuzange kunikwe ubungakanani obukhulu, ngoko ke abazange baphenywe iminyaka emininzi.

Ngowe-1961 ukuveliswa kwe-infrared kwaba nelungelo lobunikazi, kwaye ngowe-1962-ukusebenza kwindawo ekukhanyeni (ebomvu). Emva koko, ukuveliswa kwakusoloko kuphuculwe. Ngako oko, iindleko zayo zancipha. Ngoko, ngowe-1968, intengo ye-LED yezibane ezikhanyayo yayingama-$ 200, kwaye ke ngoko ukusebenzisa kwabo kwakunzima kakhulu.

Namhlanje, ezi zibane zisetyenziselwa yonke indawo. Kule nto, ii-LED nazo zonke iintlobo ezidumileyo zesebe ziveliswa: E27, E14, GU5.3, G53, GU10, G13.

Ngaba i-bulb ye LED ibhetele kunexesha eliqhelekileyo?

Iibane ze-LED zizinzuzo ezilandelayo:

• Ukukhanya okuphezulu okukhulu. Iimodeli zanamhlanje zezixhobo zokukhanyisa kule parameter zifaniswa nesimbi-halogen kunye nezibane zerhasi.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi. Zihlandlo eziliqela ngaphantsi kwezibane eziqhelekileyo zokukhanyisa.
• Ubomi bexesha elide. Ngokuxhomekeke kumenzi kunye nekhnoloji yemveliso, i-bulb ye-LED ingahlala kwii-30 ukuya kwiiyure eziliwaka iiyure. Kule meko, inani le-cycled on-off does not have a significant impact on the life of the LED.
• Amandla amakhulu kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwamandla. Oku kufezwe ngenxa yokuba akukho zixhobo ezinobunzima kwimpembelelo.
• Inertia ephantsi. Ngokungafani nezinye izibane, i-LED iqala ngokukhawuleza ukukhanya ngokukhazimula ngokugcwele. Ukongeza, akayikwesaba ukuqhuma kwamandla.
• Ukuhambisana okuphezulu kwendalo. Ngokungafani nezibane zokulondoloza amandla, ama- LED ayinayo i-mercury nezinye izinto eziyingozi ekubunjweni kwazo.

Akunakwenzeka ukuba ungayiqapheli into yokuba ngamnye unyaka nabaninzi abaqhubi baqala ukusebenzisa ii-LED zezibane zeemoto. Ukufumana iimpawu ezifanayo njenge-LED zokukhanyisa kwendlu, ziyafumaneka ngeenguqu ezahlukeneyo zeesilonda (h1, h3, h7, h8, h10, njl.) Zifakwe kwiimpawu zengqumbo yemoto, kungekhona nje ngokuba izibane zomoya, kodwa nje Kunye nomqhubi wokuqhuba.

Mhlawumbi i-drawback kuphela eyenziwa ngama-bulb LED anexabiso eliphezulu. I-LED ezincinci (LL) zindleko malunga nama-ruble angama-500, kwaye iindleko zexabiso eliphezulu (SPOT) zingafikelela kumawaka ama-5. Nangona yonke into, njengoko ithethayo, ihambelana. Ixesha elibalulekileyo lokusebenza kwezibane ze-LED, ezandiswe ngumlinganiselo wombane osetyenzisiweyo, kunokuncedisa ngakumbi kunokusetyenziswa kwe-bulb ejwayelekile.