Umguquleli we-Digital-to-analog: inkcazo, umgaqo wokusebenza, isicelo.

Uphawu lwe-Analog lubonakaliswe yimilinganiselo emininzi yezobugcisa, enye yeyona nto ibangelwa ukuhamba. Umzekelo, indlebe yomntu ivala iimpawu ezibonisa ukuhamba kwimiba ye-1 ukuya kuma-22 kHz, kwaye ukukhanya okubonakalayo kuqulethe iifrikanti ezilinganiswe kwiibhiliyoni ze-hertz. Umzekelo wokurekhoda uphawu lwe-analog ingaba irekhodi yegramophone. Iifoto, umbala omnyama nomhlophe wokuqala, kwaye, ngoko, kunye nombala - ngumzekelo wokurekhoda uphawu lwe-analog.

Umguquguquli wedijithali-analogu phantse uhlala elandela umguquleli we-analog-to-digital (i-ADC), malunga nokuba luncedo ukuthini amagama ambalwa, ukuze uqonde ingxaki esisombululwe ngamacebo esiwacingayo.

I-ADC iguqula uphawu lwe - analog kwidijithali enye. Ngokuqhelekileyo inani elihambelana nexabiso lesigxina ngexesha lokulinganisa kwalo limelelwe ikhowudi yebinary. Isilinganiselo ngasinye senziwa kwixesha elithile, elibizwa ngokuba yi-quantization frequency.

Ixesha elincinci le-quantization lichanekileyo, liqinisekisa ukuvuselelwa kwesignali engaphazamiseki. Lo mqondiso awukho ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kwaye kufuneka ubuyisele umguquleli wesignali yedijithali kwisiphumo salo. I-quantization frequency kufuneka ibe ubuncinane ubuninzi beefayile eziguqulelwe. Ngokomzekelo, ukuguqulwa okungekho ngaphaya komqondiso wesandi, imvama ye-quantization ye-44 kHz yanele.

Ngoku kuyacaca ukuba umguquli we-digital-to-analog unendlela yokulandelana kwikhowudi ebomini kwipembelelo, ekufuneka iguqule kwisignali esilanayo.

Ukunyaniseka ekusebenzeni kunye nobomi bufakiwe kwiinkalathisi, kodwa ezi pharamitha azixhomekeke kumgaqo we-DAC, kodwa kunokwakheka kwisiseko kunye nokwakha umgangatho. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba umgaqo wokuguqulwa, abaguquleli be-digital-to-analog bahluke kwiimpawu ezinjengebala elitshintshayo, ukuchaneka kokuchaneka kunye nexesha.

Uluhlu oluchanekileyo luchazwe kwigalelo kunye nesiphumo se-DAC, njengoko umlinganiselo wexabiso eliphezulu kwigalelo (kwimveliso) ukuya kwixabiso elincinci lokuphuma (ukuphuma).

Enye yeeparitha zexesha yinto echaseneyo yexesha le-quantization, elibizwa ngokuba yixesha le-quantization. Kucacile ukuba kwi-DAC eli xabiso lisetyenziswe yi-ADC, ngendlela leyo isignali yaguqulwa ngayo.

Ixabiso eliyintloko, elibonisa isantya seDAC, lixesha lokuguqulwa. Apha ufanele ukhethe: ixesha elide lokuguqula - i-DAC echanekileyo, kodwa ngaphantsi kwejubane layo, kunye nangona kunjalo.

Makhe siqwalasele imigaqo ethile "yenguqu-analogue" inguqu, ngaphandle kokunika amafomula namaqhinga. Kukho imimiselo emibini yenguqu - ukulandelana kunye nokufana.

Ukulandelelana kweefowuni zedijithali kwindlela yokuguqula idijithali kuya ku-analog kuguqulwa ngokulandelelana kwezimpembelelo ezixandekileyo kwimveliso. Ububanzi be-pulse kunye nekhefu elilandelayo ukuya kwipulse elandelayo lithethwa ngokuxhomekeka kwindleko yekhowudi yebhinari engenayo. Ngoko ke, kwimveliso yefayile ephantsi, i-analog isalathisi, ngokutsho kweentlobo ezifikile kwigalelo ngexesha eliguqukayo.

Ukuguqulwa okufanayo kufakelwe, umzekelo, ngokusebenzisa ukuxhatshazwa okuxhunyaniswe nokuxhaswa kwamandla azinzileyo. Inani lokuchasana lilingana nomlinganiselo omncinane wekhowudi engenayo. Ubungakanani bokumelana nokukhutshwa kwamanzi aphezulu kunamaxesha angaphantsi kwama-2 ngaphantsi komyalelo ongaphantsi. Kwi-khonkco yoxhathiso ngalunye kukho iqhosha. Ikhowudi yokufakwayo ilawula izitshixo - apho 1, ukupasa kwamanje. Ngako oko, kwiisekethe, ngoku iyakuthatyathwa ngumlinganiselo wokukhutshwa, kunye nomguquguquli we-digital-to-analog kwipropati inexabiso elipheleleyo eliya kuhambelana nekhowudi ebhaliweyo.