Ezhen Ionesko "rhinoceros": isishwankathelo, uhlalutyo

Xa kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II iye yafa phantsi, abantu ehlabathini lonke waqalisa ukuzibuza, ingaba kwenzeka njani ukuba eyavela Fascism phakathi ephucukile Europe. ngoyena lobuntu kuthethwa mbuzo, indlela smart, ofundileyo kunye nabantu abalungileyo wenza kwanokupheliswa kwalo kwizigidi zabemi ngenxa yesizathu kuphela kukuba imvelaphi eyahlukileyo.

Omnye amalinge yokuqala ukucacisa ukuvela yobuFasi ezifana iintshukumo wenza umbhali French Ezhen Ionesko. "Rhinoceros" (kwenye inguqulelo "Rhino") - umdlalo apho wachaza indlela elivela kuzo isenzeko eluntwini umphambukeli, nto leyo kuxhaphaka ngoku ukuba eqhelekileyo.

Biography Ezhena Ionesko

Wemidlalo wazalelwa eRomania ngowe-1909, njengoko wazalwa uyise apho, kunye nomama wam isiFrentshi. Ukususela ebuntwaneni, lo mfana wathetha ngeelwimi eziliqela, kuquka isiFrentshi. Kuqhamko lwe- unxulumano lwehlabathi phakathi kwabazali le nkwenkwe saxabana ke sahlukana. Unina wathabatha oonyana waya ekhaya eFransi.

Xa Ezhen Ionesko ekhula, wazama ukuba aphile noyise wakhe eRomania. Apha ke waya kwiDyunivesithi Bucharest, uceba ukufundisa isiFrentshi. Kodwa ngo-1938 wabuyela ekhaya nomama wakhe waza wahlala eParis bonke.

nemibongo yakhe yokuqala Ionesco babhala ngesiRomania, Iba mininzi kuwe iminyaka yobomi eRomania, waqalisa ukuba umlibale isiFrentshi, kangangokuba xa wabuyela eFransi, wabuya kwafuneka kukhulisa ubugcisa iilwimi.

ukuba umbhali

Ngoxa umfundi Buhareste Ezhen wafumana ukuvela iintshukumo ezaziwayo pro-zwilakhe. Noko ke, umbhali ngokwakhe, lo hlombe ngathi ezingqongileyo entlango, la mava kamva waba komxholo othi "Rhino" kunye neminye imisebenzi yakhe.

Emva e Paris, Ionescu wabhala ithisisi kwi Charles Baudelaire, yaye bathathe inxaxheba ekubhaleni imisebenzi yakhe. Edume kakhulu ngu Ionesco ukudlala, kodwa yena wabhala kwakhona amabali amafutshane, izincoko.

Njengoko wemidlalo Eugene wangenela ngo-1950 kunye umdlalo "I Bald soprano", eyabhalwa phantsi kwempembelelo le IsiNgesi ulwimi tutorial. Ukuba lo msebenzi wayengumzekelo ezaziwa i "Bekubonela ezitenxileyo" - intshukumo yoncwadi, ogama wanamathela kwimisebenzi yakhe Ionesco.

Ezhen Ionesko wafa ngoMatshi ka-1994. Ethandwa kakhulu baba phakathi ilifa ezinobuchule Ionesco kaThixo "rhinoceros" kudlala "I Bald soprano", "Izitulo," "umbulali akanamdla", "Macbeth", "umoya gama" kunye nabanye.

Ngemvelaphi ye-umdlalo "rhinoceros" ( "rhinoceros")

Emva kokuba impumelelo edlalwa umbhali yakhe yokuqala ngenkuthalo mfanelo amandla akhe bhala uhlobo engenangqondo kunye kephofu. Landula ngokoqobo theatre, wayekholelwa ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba babuyele iingcambu zethu, xa zonke iinyama zizele zeesimboli efihliweyo kunye namacebo. Kule amahlanu emva kwexesha, xa Yurophu kokuhlaselwa kwemfazwe, abantu abaninzi baqala ukuzibuza izizathu ukuvela yobuFasi, esoyika ukuphindaphindwa ntlekele. Ekhatywa ngumdlali welinye nayiphi na inkqubo yileyo ukususela kwimihla yoqeqesho eRomania, njengoko kungekho namnye wayeqhelene kwisihloko Ezhen Ionesko. "Rhinoceros" ( "Rhino") - igama umdlalo lakhe elitsha, eyapapashwa ngo-1959. Kulo nyaka, ingxelo yalo yemiboniso yase Dusseldorf.

Ezhen Ionesko "rhinoceros": Isishwankathelo

Umdlalo iqulathe izinto ezintathu. Kwimeko yokuqala kufutshane cafe endaweni yokubutha kuhlala abahlobo ezimbini, uJean Berenger. UJean imohlwaye umhlobo wakhe, ekubonakalayo ukuba basela kakhulu izolo kwaye lalingekafiki ixesha ukululama. Ngesiquphe, Rhino ubaleka udlula kuyo. Yonke into watyhwatyhwa uxoxe le isiganeko esingaqhelekanga, evakalisa ubhavumo zabo. Beranger kuphela lingenandaba yonke into, kodwa kukho cafe ezingafakwanga umtsalane Daisy, apho umntu ngothando. Ngelo xesha, UJean ufunda naye ilungelo yokuziphatha indlela yobomi ekugqibeleni Beranger uyavuma ukuba ukunikela kuphuhliso lwenkcubeko ngokuhlwa.

Ngequbuliso ndeva kugquma, yaye ujika ukuba lomkhombe wayesandula batyumkileyo umnini cat. Zonke iimbambano, njani imikhombe abaninzi, yaye oko ikhangeleka njani. Beranger ngesiquphe utsho ukuba uthuli ababesukele kuveliswa engomkhombe, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba ingqalelo. UJean bekhubeka kuye, bakuqumbele kunye namagqabi. Umntu odikiweyo iyalela asele aze agqibe ukuba bashiye inkqubo yenkcubeko ekucwangciselwa yena.

Intshukumo yesibini Ionesco, "rhinoceros" lomdlalo ithatha indawo inkonzo Beranger kwi-ofisi. Apha bonke ngenkuthalo sixoxa imikhombe kunye kunzima ukunyuka kwenani labo. Bathi, ingxabano, wavakalisa izimvo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa uyazi ukuba umlingani wabo neBhete akazange eze emsebenzini.

Kungekudala, kufika uSafira umfazi wakhe bebamb ibaxelela malunga Ukunyamalala indoda yakhe, yaye emva kokuba isebenzisa a lomkhombe elikhulu. Ngequbuliso Mam iyambona njengoko indoda yakhe, kunye neso silwanyana aphendule kwikhwelo yayo. Wahlala phezu emqolo, eshiya ikhaya.

Mbali ukuthi mlilo baza ukunceda abasebenzi ofisi ukuya phantsi, njengoko engomkhombe eBhete yaphuka ileli. Kubonakala ukuba sixeko inani elikhulu kwemikhombe, kunye neenombolo zabo liyanda.

Omnye wabasebenzi Dyudar inika Beranger uye isiselo kunye, kodwa akavumi, njengoko ugqiba kwelokuba aye uJean ukwenza uxolo kunye naye.

Ekufikeni kwabo yokuhlala lomhlobo, Beranger uyabona ukuba unomzi. Ngokuthe ngcembe, phantse phambi nomhlobo wakhe, uTshawe iba lomkhombe. indoda Scared ubiza ummelwane uncedo, kodwa yena ngokwakhe waba irhamncwa. Zasikrwaqula phandle ngefestile, Beranger ebabonayo esitratweni eninzi kwemikhombe sele besaphula kwibhentshi. Luvalo, uyabaleka waya ekhayeni lakhe.

Isenzo yesithathu play Ezhena Ionesko "rhinoceros" lwenziwa Beranger yokuhlala.

Yena uziva ugula, yaye yena nomlingane wakhe Dyudar ifike. Ebudeni incoko, Beranger lonke ixesha kubonakala ukuba iba lomkhombe. Yinto eyoyikekayo sizixhalabisa kuye. Noko ke, yeendwendwe ehlaziya umntu ngokuthi kube ilungile, ngokuba imikhombe kakhulu ezithandekayo, nangona isidalwa uncouth kancinane. Kubonakala ukuba abantu abaninzi elihlonelwayo umzi, ubuhlakani ethile, kudala kuye imikhombe kunye uzive enkulu. Beranger Yandothusa into yokuba abemi amanene kwaye enengqondo efana ndizinyulele le ndlela.

Ngelo xesha, eflethini asebenzise Daisy. Uxelela abantu ukuba, nabo, waba yintloko ke lomkhombe, ukuba uhlale nalo mba ngoku-silk. Beranger ibonisa ukuba kwemikhombe ukuba ngandlel 'uyazimela ebantwini, ukuba bayeke ukukhula abantu babo, kodwa iindwendwe azixelele ukuba izalamane imikhombe liya kuba nxamnye nayo, kwakunye namalungelo ezilwanyana.

Dyudaru kuk lihle Daisy, Noko ke, yamkhweletela kuye Beranger, ngoko eshiya interlocutors zakhe kwaye iba lomkhombe ngokuzithandela.

Aba babini eziseleyo Daisy kunye Beranger bendikoyika, ngokuba yonke liviwa kukugquma izilwanyana, nkqu kunomathotholo. Kungekudala litshintsha ingqondo yakhe, isigqibo ukuba imikhombe bafanelwe intlonipho kunye nokufumana emsileni Wayekhathazeke Beranger, eshiya esibayeni.

Umntu usele yedwa, yena ucinga ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuba lomkhombe. Ngenxa yoko wayefuna umpu wakhe, ukulungele ukuthethelela ukuya wokugqibela.

Ophambili lo mdlalo - Beranger

Yonke loo manyathelo ezenzeka kulo mdlalo Ionesco kaThixo "rhinoceros", kugxile Beranger.

Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye abemi njengabahloniphekileyo zedolophu kubonakala kuye umgxothwa. Singcolile, non-ukufika ngexesha, rhoqo ethetha ndawo, indoda Iyandikruqula abanye, nkqu best friend UJean. Kodwa kubaluleke yena owonona umntu, ngaphandle ngokwakhe.

Nangona kunjalo, kunye nophuhliso isenzo ngayo kukuba iwayini ephambili Beranger kuphela ukuba akayi ifuna ukuba ukuphila ngemilinganiselo eyamkelekileyo okanye fashion. Ngoko ke, xa bonke axakekile kuzo kwivenkilana ubukele imikhombe, umntu ecinga malunga nentombi yakhe. Ukongeza, angazami ukumxokisa kuwe, ukuze ndidlalele iqela, yaye ngempazamo ubhenca ubuxoki zabanye.

Ngokwahlukileyo kubemi obengo, Beranger aphile iimvakalelo. Nguye wamthanda Daisy, ngokuba akukho nto ukubona iingxaki zabanye. Ukongeza, ngokucacileyo indoda ekhangeleka njengenxila, uyabuxabisa ubuhlobo ingaphezulu kunoko ezichanekileyo kwi Jean ngandlela zonke. Ngapha koko, ukuba enze uxolo kunye naye, Berenger uyala nokuba aye isiselo.

Enye mahluko - imvakalelo kunaye. Xa sixeko ekhululekile ngakumbi, uTshawe ukhangela imvelaphi yommandla ezihlelelekileyo. Kwathi, bakugqiba bonke abantu ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, baba amarhamncwa, engafuni ukuba lomkhombe, kwakhona Berenger uvakalelwa ngathi wonke umntu.

Ezhen Ionesko "rhinoceros": Uhlalutyo

Ukuba namhlanje indlela yokudlala kunye nezimvo ezivakaliswa ngayo khangela eqhelekileyo, ngoko ekuqaleni kwayo gqira, kwaba into entsha, amehlo awayeno-. Oku kwenziwa yinto yokuba iqhekeza kuquka zonke engenangqondo iinkalo yeqonga edulusele ngaphandle kweli cala Eugène Ionesko ( "Imikhombe). Ukugxekwa umdlalo kakuhle waqonda, ingakumbi, ayebugqala umsebenzi anti-zwilakhe. Noko ke, umbhali we sengqondo esibi ukuba utoliko enjalo umsebenzi wakhe, besithi iimbono zakhe banzi kakhulu, kodwa wonk 'ukhululekile ukuba unokuwatyhila njengoko ebona kufanelekile.

Kwincwadi yakhe umbhali ngenkuthalo ayekhalazela naziphi na izimvo loozwilakhe ukuba abaphendula abantu abaninzi abathobelayo ndiyingwevu, batshabalalisa sobuntu.

Kule umdlalo wabona ngokucacileyo iimpawu ezinjalo Bekubonela ezitenxileyo, njengoko kuphika of ngokoqobo - zonke iziganeko zibonakala fantastic kwaye akukho ntsingiselo. Ababukeli kunye abafundi baqonde oko kwenzekayo, kodwa kutheni ngesiquphe abantu baqala iyihlawule imikhombe (isohlwayo ngenxa yesono, amaqhinga UFO okanye into enye), akukho bani owaziyo.

Obengo, ukucinga ebambekayo, apho Ionesco wayekholelwa ityala zonke iingxaki, kananjalo wagxeka kulo mdlalo. Kuphela ezayo Beranger ubhalo ngqiqweni ihlala abazazi izifo wasemzini yokuguqulela imikhombe.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba xa umdlalo wakhe Ezhen Ionesko uchaze onke amanqanaba semthethweni ubugcisa nasiphi na isenzeko yayintsha yoluntu, nto leyo kuphela ekupheleni koo zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini laliqulunqwe kwaye ogama Overton window. Ngokutsho kwakhe, nayiphi na ingcamango, enoba zasendle, umzekelo, mu na kwamkelwa umphakathi eziqhelekileyo, ehamba amanyathelo amathandathu: makube lee, ezinkulu, owamkelekileyo, nengqiqo, umgangatho kunye eqhelekileyo.

kudlala nxi Ehle

Emva komsebenzi zakhe ezimangalisayo kwindawo yokubonela izindawo "Odeon" ngo-1960 kwathiwa kwango drama "rhinoceros" kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathini lonke. Le piece wayeyalelwe waqonda njengoko anti-zwilakhe, ngoko xa iphambili abanye abalinganiswa zaye mabanxibe iiyunifom German. Kodwa kule minyaka oko kutshintshile iimbono, kunye nabalawuli ezintsha okudlulisela umbono wakhe ukusebenzisa ezinye iindlela.

"Imikhombe" bafakwa uninzi emfihlekweni edume kakhulu ehlabathini, kunye nabadlali kakhulu yeqonga kunye cinema ziwongwe ukudlala lo mdlalo. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala indima edlalwa Beranger zolinganiso French Jean-Lui Barro. Kamva, umlinganiswa edlalwa abaculi abaziwayo ezifana uViktor Avilov, KIRILL Pirogov, Lourens Olive, Benedict Cumberbatch kunye nabanye.

Okumiselwe "rhinoceros" kwi USSR

Ukuba nokuthathwa imveliso ye anti-zwilakhe, emva "Imikhombe" iphambili ukuvela USSR kuphela emva kweminyaka emihlanu. Umdlalo sapapashwa "Foreign Literature". Kodwa kwakhawuleza wawuvaliwe, ekubeni iingcinga ezivakaliswa "rhinoceros", bagxeka ubukomanisi socialism. Noko ke, oku akuzange kumthintele ukusasazeka kwalo mdlalo. imbalelwano kokubhaliweyo, iprintwe wegqitha ukusuka kwesinye isandla. A ban longeze ukuba imveliso yalo ithandwa nanto.

Ngowe-1982, umdlalo kwango enye zinkundla engahlawulwayo eMoscow. Noko ke, ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba iphambili mdlalo ivaliwe, naphambi ngokutsha akazange avunyelwe ukuba bet. Noko ke, emva kokuba amandla Gorbachev kaThixo "imikhombe" waqalisa uhambo yayo ngoloyiso emfihlekweni ilungileyo eSoviet Union, uze emva koko Russia.

Quotes ukusuka 'Rhino "

Esinye izinto ezibalulekileyo kwindawo yemiboniso yase ingcinga pun ezitenxileyo Ionesco. "Rhinoceros" (ucaphulo ngezantsi) eziqulethwe ezininzi eziphikisanayo ngomlomo. Umzekelo, i-logic yokucinga malunghana ni vukati.

Okanye a dialogue omncinane malunga abantwana:

- andifuni ukuba babe nabantwana. izinto ekruqulayo ezinjalo.
- njani na koko uza kulisindisa ihlabathi?
- Kutheni kufuneka ukumsindisa ukholo lwakhe?

Kwakhona Amaqhawe reflection enzulu inyaniso: "sihlandlo ezimbi kunokubangelwa yengozi, engafuni okanye benza nangakumbi."

Emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwama amahlanu emva iphambili "rhinoceros" play Ionesco basemi ongazange alahlekelwe ukufaneleka kwayo wayifaka zemidlalo ezininzi ehlabathini lonke.