EMsebenzini - yintoni na le nto? umsebenzi emisebenzini: iintlobo, ukubhaliswa kunye nesiqinisekiso

EMsebenzini - ikhonkco zamabanga zobugcisa kunye nokuveliswa nasiphi na isakhiwo lweshishini oluyimfuneko ukuphumeza ulawulo inkqubo, ulondolozo kunye nokuveliswa. Kungenxa kule ndawo ezidibene zonke ezi zinto kunye nabasebenzi iphumelele injongo - wavelisa impahla agqitywa, ngokubonelela ngeenkonzo, njl nayiphi na inkampani, umbutho efanelekileyo emsebenzini kufuneka kwenziwe ... Oku kuzakwenza nkulu ukusetyenziswa ngobuchule ngemigudu neendlela zokuvelisa. Konke oku kuya kuthi ekugqibeleni kuchaphazela indleko kwimveliso igqityiwe, umgangatho walo, kwakunye neminye imiqondiso ezininzi zoqoqosho.

definition

EMsebenzini - ummandla ukuba wabelwa ukuba abasebenzi unit lweshishini ngamnye. Oku kube echaziwe kwezibonelelo yemveliso, Nokubekwa yokuphatha, ukusetyenzwa okanye nezincedisi. Amaninzi, ezo esisigxina indawo iqela labasebenzi.

Kukho ikhutshwa phandle nayiphi na inxalenye yenkqubo yemveliso. Ngamnye uneempawu ezithile emsebenzini. Oku kungenxa yokuba inkqubo ethile imveliso, kwakunye neendlela ngeendlela, apho ilifa umsebenzi othile. Kodwa ke, imeko amathuba emisebenzi kwisityalo, uthe inqanaba yentlangano yabasebenzi.

iimfuneko zesiseko

EMsebenzini - le ndawo lweshishini apho enye okanye ngaphezulu belifa ukwenza umsebenzi yabasebenzi ngoncedo ngoko ifakiwe iintsimbi. Kumaziko anjalo, eyona njongo iphambili kuzuzwa yonke imveliso. It iqulathe ekuqhubeni nemigangatho emiselwe lobuchwepheshe kwaye esifike, ukwenziwa enoqoqosho nomgangatho imveliso yokugqibela. Ukufezekisa le njongo iimfuno ezithile kufuneka kufikelelwe ngexesha xa umbutho umsebenzi emsebenzini. Oku kuya kuvumela ukusetyenziswa isebenzayo lwemithombo yoluntu kunye eziphathekayo. Phakathi iimfuno ezikhoyo zezi:

• umbutho;
• engineering;
• ergonomics;
• kwezoqoqosho.

Ke ukuba iimfuno zombutho, ngenxa ukuphunyezwa kwazo, ifenishala nganye kufuneka esisiso amalungiselelo endaweni ka inkqubo. Lo mba ichaphazela ukusebenza ezisebenzayo kahle. Ukongeza, umqeshi kufuneka bafumane lwalo ifanelekileyo apho nkonzo iza kuba emsebenzini eyiyo. Oku kuya kuvumela unikezelo artist liqhawuke yaye izinto, iindawo kunye okusilelayo, kwakunye isixhobo. Ukwenza iimfuno bombutho kuvumela ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze balungise zokulawula iiseyile kunye nezixhobo, nokucocwa inkunkuma, kananjalo nokubonelela indawo ekhuselekileyo nenobuhlobo umntu.

Ukusuka kwindawo lobugcisa lwembono, emsebenzini kufuneka kufakelwe izixhobo phambili. Kufuneka kubekho lonke ulawulo kunye nezixhobo yokulinganisa, izixhobo kunye nezinto kokuphatha izixhobo, loo nkqubo idinga.

iimfuno zokusebenza kufuneka Xenikweni kwinqanaba yokuyila kwezixhobo, kuquka kumiliselo lwesicwangciso emsebenzini. Oku kuya kunciphisa ukudinwa xa umdlali ixesha elide, kunye nophindaphindo mdla uhlobo oluthile intshukumo.

Ukongeza konke oku kungentla, kukho imfuneko ingqesho ngokupheleleyo kahle. Kwaye ngenxa yale njongo okuququzelela emsebenzini kufuneka athathe ingqalelo zonke iimfuno zoqoqosho. Oku kuya kuchaphazela umgangatho wentsebenzo yabasebenzi, kwakunye imveliso yokugqibela.

ngezigaba

Umntu zaseMsebenzini - endaweni ka ezahlukeneyo, ngokufuthi ezithile ezizodwa. Kungenxa yoko le nto azikho iimfuno ofanayo layout layo, izixhobo, kunye neenkonzo. Konke kuxhomekeke kwimveliso ethile kwakunye ukususela shishino apho elimfaneleyo. Imisebenzi nga kuphela kalukhuni zihlelwe ngokwezi mpawu ziphambili eyahlukileyo. Iza kusebenza iimfuno jikelele kunye nemigaqo ezikhoyo nganye yamaqela.

Enye zokuhlelwa ezininzi ezingundoqo - inqanaba matshini kunye zoomatshini lomsebenzi. Ngokutsho kuyo, ummandla apho beqonga bawenze ngalo umsebenzi wabo, yahlulwe ngamaqela amahlanu. Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha.

Imisebenzi usebenzisa onzima

Kule mimandla yemveliso imveliso yokugqibela sisiphumo iindleko zabasebenzi amandla. Artist wenza imisebenzi yabasebenzi usebenzisa izixhobo ngesandla. Umzekelo ilibandla iindlela kunye namacandelo ngaphandle ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo, uphuhliso nefolokhwe lomhlaba okanye Kyle kunye t. D. Konke oku kwenziwa emsebenzini, ezifana iye ukuntsonkotha aphezulu kunye nemveliso ephantsi. Kakade ke, inkampani anisizakali. Nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba ecaleni ngokupheleleyo kwinkqubo imigudu encwadi, kwaye ngokufanelekileyo, imisebenzi enjalo. Bona, umzekelo, kukho imfuneko ukulungiswa kwezixhobo efakiweyo kwisiza.

Imisebenzi ye umsebenzi-computer manual

Ezi ndawo industrial imveliso yokugqibela lufumaneka ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo. Noko ke, apha, ukongeza iimoto, ungenza ukwenza ngaphandle inxaxheba zomntu ukuba kunikelwe inxalenye yokusebenzisa yabo yamandla. Umzekelo yemveliso onjalo planing iplanga planers zombane okanye iinkuni namarhela usebenzisa wabona elijikeleza.

Imisebenzi zabasebenzi imishini

Zidalwa xa onke amanyathelo inkqubo yenziwa ngoncedo oomatshini kunye neendlela. Indima umntu kule meko kukulawula ezi zixhobo yabasebenzi, ukulawula umgangatho weemveliso.

Eli qela kwemisebenzi olwahlukileyo kwabo ezimbini ezidlulileyo ukuba njengophume ekwenzeni imisebenzi umsebenzi uchitha amandla kuphela oluncedisayo yayo motion. Umzekelo ulawulo isithuthi, umatshini wokuthunga, njalo-njalo. D.

lemveliso-abasomelezayo kwikhompyutha

Ukuba yonke imisebenzi zeteknoloji kukho oomatshini okanye iindlela, indima ngabantu yehliswe kuphela zabo start-up, kwakunye ndiqale malilawule ukukhutshwa kwimveliso. Kulo mzekelo, a wedesktop. Kunokuba kakhulu endaweni ebanzi yesondlo kumabi omnye iindlela ezininzi ezenzekelayo.

izixhobo zokusebenza

Le ndawo yahlukile kwabo ezikhoyo imveliso imishini kunye ezenzekelayo. Kukho izixhobo ezizodwa (isixhobo), nto leyo ukufumana imveliso yokugqibela esiguqula amandla obushushu amandla eekhemikhali, zombane okanye. Umntu ngexesha elifanayo kwimveliso nokuhambisa, iza kubonakala umsebenzi wobugcisa, ukulawula ukufundwa.

yokuhlela

Ukwabiwa iindawo zokusebenza malunga maqela yenziwe ngokwe:

1. Uhlobo kwimveliso imisebenzi kunye nenkqubo repeatability. Le misebenzi badalwe abangatshatanga serial, ubunzima kunye nemveliso serial.
2. Degree obungcali.
3. Phakade indawo. Ngaloo bodwa mobile kwaye zizinze (zokubhala) wedesktop. Kwakhona kuza kuba nefuthe kumbutho wabo. Le ndawo ezinzileyo iyafuneka, umzekelo, kubunjineli mechanical kwi inkonzo kwezixhobo machine. Xa usebenzisa nasiphi na isixhobo ezinzileyo indawo yokusebenza? Kuyinto kwiindibano enzima, enkulu kunye ezintsonkothileyo. Xa ngokudala zokusebenzela mobile ubonelela ukuba kusetyenziswe isixhobo ukukhanya eziphathwayo, kwakunye nemali intshukumo yayo. Kuyenzeka ukuba anikezele yokusebenzela esisigxina. Le ndawo apho umdlali lo ngokuqhubekayo ngaphezu kweeyure ezimbini ngosuku yabo yokusebenza, okanye ngaphezulu kwe-50% yexesha. Emsebenzini kungaba edlulayo. Apha lomculi, ngokulandelelana, ngaphantsi kweeyure ezimbini, okanye ngaphantsi kwe-50% yexesha labo yabasebenzi.
4. Inani baqhube. Achaza ngokubambiseneyo (isicima) kunye nemisebenzi ngamnye.
5. Inani leeyunithi bakhonza yi izixhobo elihambisayo. Umzekelo, mnogostanochnye apho odnostanochnye imisebenzi.
6. imisebenzi Executive. Ngoko ke, kukho imisebenzi iingcali kunye nabasebenzi, abaphathi, ukhuseleko njalo njalo. D.
7. Profession igcisa. Ngokomzekelo, ugqirha emsebenzini okanye accountant, umchweli okanye imishini.
8. Indawo (ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle).
9. Shift (1-, 2-, 3- no-4-replaceable).
10. Ixesha yokusebenzisa (okwexeshana okanye isigxina).

Umbutho zokusebenzela

Phambi kokuqala nayiphi na inkqubo yemveliso kufuneka ukuba enze imisebenzi nkqubo ijolise ekuxhobiseni indawo apho igcisa besenza imisebenzi yabo, izinto neendlela zemisebenzi. Ngamanye amazwi, ukulungiswa emsebenzini kufuneka kwenziwe. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo inkqubo kunokuba ezintsonkothileyo, equka umntu, umatshini kunye nokusingqongileyo. Kanye xa kunjalo, ukuba iimeko bomsebenzi lezi parameters, inkqubo esebenza iya kwenziwa ukuba ethembekileyo kakhulu kakuhle.

Ukudala ukuma ekhululekile ukusebenza, kwakunye imithwalo ngokupheleleyo zonke izihlunu babantu, kufuneka basebenzise ulwazi iimpawu yemvelaphi. Oku kuquka uhlolo ergonomic zokusebenzela, nto leyo ethatha ingqalelo iimpawu komzimba ye beqonga kunye iintshukumo zabo zilinganiswa.

Ukongeza, zonke izinto zifumaneka kule ndawo, kufuneka ifom, umbala, imilinganiselo, leyo ezihambelana nezinto ezikhalayo, nezihlwabisayo, ezibonwayo, kunye nezinye iimpawu engqondweni komzimba lo mntu. Ukukhanya nokufuma, ingxolo lobushushu uthuli kunye nongcangcazelo - konke oku kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo ngexesha xa kukho ilungiselelwe kuphela umsebenzi mobile okanye ngokusisigxina. Oku kuya kuvumela ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno yococeko, leyo eyenzelwe yi mithetho ngoku ukuze kuqinisekiswe iimeko yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo nenempilo.

imisebenzi Organization quota

Ingqesho kunye nomsebenzi - ezi izinto eziphambili uhlanganiso lwentlalo kunye bazimele kwezoqoqosho yabantu, okunokwenzeka inqongopheleyo. Kuba abo ingakumbi adinga ukhuseleko lwentlalo kunye abafumana ubunzima ngethuba umsebenzi izithuba ezikhoyo kumashishini, umthetho kumiselwa isabelo ethile. Oku kubonisa inani ubuncinane imisebenzi, apho umqeshi kufuneka zibekelwe bucala ukulungiselela oku qela abemi. Ngaphezu koko, ukuqeshwa kwabantu abanjalo luxanduva nayiphi na inkampani, nokuba zezaluphi na uhlobo lombutho ngokomthetho.

imisebenzi quota-based - oku yi siqinisekiso eyongezelelweyo zengqesho yabemi '. indalo yayo likhusela ngokuchaseneyo ngqesho abo babe nokhuphiswano eliphantsi kwimalike yabasebenzi.

Xa umbutho engaphezulu kwekhulu abasebenzi, kufuneka nakanjani babe imisebenzi omnye quota-based. Ngumsebenzi yomqeshi. Oku equlethwe kuMgaqo-mthetho "Xa ukhuseleko lwentlalo invalids kwi Russian Federation". Yintoni ekufuneka ibe ulahlulo imisebenzi? Le nto imiselwe emva calculation kuqhutywa (ukususela nge-2 ukuya kwi-4 ekhulwini ubume angumndilili abasebenzi).

Sengqondo emsebenzini

Le ndawo enye apho umdlali kufuneka abe ezifanelekileyo nendawo ekhoyo. Kubalulekile ukuba abakwazi zihlobene kunye nezixhobo, indlela zokuvelisa, izinto yabasebenzi nayo yonke into eyimfuneko inkqubo yabasebenzi. Xa becwangcisa emsebenzini kuyimfuneko ukuba izinto kunye nezixhobo zomsebenzi ukuze wegcisa akazange ukuba wenze nayiphi na intshukumo ezingeyomfuneko. Oku kuya kunciphisa fatigue umqhubi nokunyusa ukusebenza.

Sengqondo emsebenzini kufuneka wenziwe kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimfuno zokusebenza. Bunika ukwakheka eyiyo kwiindawo zokusebenza, kunye nokukhethwa eyongeziweyo lobeko lwe ekupapashweni izixhobo kunye nezinto, nto leyo eza kunika isithuba zokusebenza eziyimfuneko kunye nokusebenza komncedisi isithuba imveliso.

imisebenzi analysis

Kulawulo izigaba ezithile zingahlukaniswa abasebenzi naliphi na ishishini. Eyokuqala kwezi kuquka ukuhlalutya emisebenzi. Oku kufuneka kwenziwe zocwangciso kwezi ndawo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi yokusebenza.

Uhlalutyo i Ukuveliswa zasemsebenzini. Xa zifundo yayo iingxaki zisonjululwa yi the Executive, kwakunye neemfuno ezingundoqo kwimfundo, uxanduva kunye namava obuyimfuneko bokwenza kulo mmandla yomsebenzi.

enye yezi ndlela zine ingasetyenziswa ukuqokelela inkcazelo efunekayo:

• udliwano-ndlebe (interview);
• elibukhali;
• imibuzo;
• umzobo uluhlu imisebenzi yabasebenzi.

Ngokusebenzisa enye yezi ndlela, kuqala kwiinto zonke, ukuba aqokelele idatha kwi kummandla apho igcisa owenza umsebenzi wakhe, waza emva koko ukufunda inkqubo yemveliso ngokwayo.

Ukuqinisekiswa zokusebenzela

imithetho iLabour kwe Russian Federation unika imbopheleleko umqeshi ukuba aqhube uphononongo ngamaxesha kweemeko zokusebenza kwezo ndawo apho beqonga ukwenza imisebenzi yabo. Ukuqinisekiswa zokusebenzela - oku siganeko, apho kuchonga imiba eziyingozi kunye eziyingozi zisisisongelo kwimpilo yabantu.

Inkqubo ukwenza uvavanyo kunye nobhaliso neziphumo zayo ezisisigxina umyalelo Health Ministry of Russia, eyapapashwa 26.04.2011, i Ngokutsho kolu xwebhu, isiqinisekiso ixhomekeke yomsebenzi apho:

• utyando oomatshini, izixhobo, ukufakelwa, oomatshini, izixhobo kunye nezithuthi, kwakunye njengoko wenza lokugunyazisa zabo, ukulungiswa kunye novavanyo;
• kukho ingozi abe yingozi abantu;
• igcinwe, wasiwa kwaye sebenzisa izinto kunye nezinto ekrwada;
• manual babesebenzisa, ezinenjini okanye izixhobo zombane.

Ukuqinisekiswa zokusebenzela - oku siganeko, leyo ingaba:

• eziziiprayimari;
• waphinda;
• ezingacwangciswanga.

5s-system

Kukho indlela ethile, uvumela ukuba balungelelanise umsebenzi indawo isithuba ngokuchanekileyo nangokufanelekileyo. Ibizwa «imisebenzi 5-nkqubo." Etoa ndlela ijolise ekudaleni iimeko kangangoko ukwenzela ukugcina ucwangco kunye nokucoceka, ukuthobela ngokuchanileyo, kwakunye ukugcina amandla kunye nexesha. 5s - sisixhobo yemveliso ibhityile, eziveliswe Toyota kule minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe. Ukuqaliswa kwale nqubo ku kwishishini kulinyathelo elibalulekileyo ukwandisa ukhuphiswano iimveliso zabo. Ngapha koko, kuphela kwimeko ngocwangco yicoce kunokwenzeka ukuvelisa izinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu ukuba ahlangabezane nazo zonke iimfuno zabathengi. 5s ndlela kudala ezifuneka ngokwenene oku. It iqulathe amanyathelo ezintlanu yokulandelelana.

Xa wokuqala kuzo ezibekwe yaye kamva ngokususa zonke okungeyomfuneko ibekwe emsebenzini. Abuzekiyo oku kuza kuba nefuthe ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko kunye nenkcubeko. Ukwahlula nokuchonga ngako ukulungiselela izinto inkqubo, bonke abasebenzi kufuneka inxaxheba. Ngaphezu koko, le nto extra asetyenziswa okanye idluliselwe kwindawo yogcino.

Inyathelo lesibini indlela yokugcina umyalelo kunye self-mbutho. Kule meko, yonke into eza kufunyanwa kwindawo yayo. Zonke izinto zibekhona kwindawo efikeleleka kumsebenzisi ngamnye. Ukuze ufumane isixhobo ekunene okanye into kufuneka enze uphawu lwabo.

Indlela Inyathelo lesithathu lubandakanya ukucocwa eyondeleleneyo emsebenzini kunye nokucoceka. Oku kudala inkqubo ethile, apho akukho nto enye into emdaka. Kwimeko nganye kwezi nkalo umsebenzi wenziwe ukucoca rhoqo kwaye rhoqo. Kulo mzekelo, zonke izixhobo zikwimeko elungileyo kwiindawo apho inokufumaneka ngokulula. ukucocwa Periodic izixhobo ezilungiselelwe le nkqubo, ukuthintela iintsilelo kunokwenzeka kule seli.

Inyathelo lesine kukuba ngokusesikweni inkqubo. Oku a kwathiwa ekufumaneni izisombululo ezisebenzayo zifumaneka zokwenza amanyathelo ezintathu zokuqala. Kulo mzekelo, indlela iya kubonakala kwaye lula ukuyikhumbula. Kwakhona eqongeni wesine nemigangatho ukulungiselela ulwamkelo umsebenzi kwezixhobo zokhuseleko kunye nolondolozo. Bonke bephela ibhalwe kwi amaxwebhu apapasha kwi nkampani.

Inyathelo lesihlanu kukuphucula uqeqesho. Kuphela umsebenzi owenza yonke imimiselo lwangaphakathi, uyakwazi ukusebenza ngendlela eyiyo enenzuzo.

Indlela 5s isetyenziselwa kumgangatho kwiindawo zokusebenza kunye nolwakhiwo lombutho. Ukuphunyezwa kwawo onke amanyathelo yimfuneko ebalulekileyo zokuphucula ukhuseleko, ukuphucula ukusebenza umsebenzi. Uluvo ongundoqo ndlela kukuba imithetho kubonelelwe ngalo yenziwa ngabo bonke abasebenzi. Ngokuphathelele oku, yaye abacoci, kunye nomlawuli. Inzuzo ephambili yale mbono iza kuxhomekeka kukuba onke la manyathelo ngentla akukho mfuneko ukuphuhlisa naziphi na iingcamango ulawulo olulodwa kunye nobuchule.