"Emnandi ibandla" ku Bryansk

Pain kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II iye yaziwa yonke intsapho. usizi Universal wachukumisa wonke umntu. Noko ke, abantu baye bakwazi ukuya ngokusebenzisa obabuza ezoyikekayo, iphumelele ke usindiso olukhulu. Wenze igalelo elibonakalayo intshukumo ngokufihlakeleyo. Namhlanje, kufuphi nesixeko Bryansk yi "yabanqolobi Polyana" - izakhiwo sisikhumbuzo, ejonge - ukuya phambili imemori ye eyarhaxwayo yamajoni angamagorha.

Ngengqondo Russian ukuya saboteurs Soviet

Ithiyori yemfazwe conspiratorial eziqhelekileyo umkhosi ukususela 1600. Intelligence kunye amacebo asetyenziswa eRashiya. Loo mkhosi kwakuba iqela Prince, sithwele igama "ertaul". Xa inani le zisiya kuphela kakhulu ebhegini kunye namajoni kakhulu yokuluka. Umsebenzi ophambili webutho, - ukuya phambili babantu, ukuba ayeke intelligence utshaba ingxelo namanye malunga uhlaselo ngequbuliso. Enyanisweni, baba nabalindi.

Abaphengululi abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba iindlela eliGorha asetyenziswa abaphindezeli intsomi ngexesha Enkulu Patriotic War, evela kuloo maxesha. Kwaqala Glade kwi emahlathini Bryansk waye waduma ehlabathini lonke. Amakhulu oosonzululwazi wathi: Ukuba hayi isibindi abantu abaye bazihlanganisa kule ndawo, iMfazwe Yehlabathi II gade neminye imiphumo.

Ubizo esikhulu indoda encinane

Sele 1700s umkhosi luchazwa ukusekwa ozimeleyo eyahlukileyo. The French wabiza le nxalenye partie mkhosi, oko kukuthi kwecala. Ngethuba amadabi uNapoleon isandla kwidabi lokulwa umhlaseli kwaye athimbe abantu abaqhelekileyo.

Abalimi baye baba amandla isigqibo kwesesibini kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi. amabutho abo babekho kuwo onke amazwe ahlala. Ingakumbi iqashiso Ukoyisa yabantu Soviet benze phezu ezingafunekiyo. "Kwaqala Glade" Bryansk - entsonkothileyo sisikhumbuzo, eyakhiwa imbeko abameli abantu abaqhelekileyo, abangazange abanqwenela ukuba ziyangqinelana na okuchasene nomthetho wolawulo omtsha. Amalungu band baba namadoda amakhulu, abasetyhini kunye nolutsha abathi ngenxa yobudala kunye nezinye izizathu awavumelekanga ukuba amanyathelo emkhosini.

uncedo enjalo yaba nomdla kunye norhulumente. Umyalelo we lokusekwa luqalile yapapashwa kwimihla yokuqala kweMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic. Kuchongwe yaye imisebenzi ephambili yale sebe.

Lokufakwa umzi

Kakade ngomhla wesine imfazwe Bryansk namadlelo baqalisa kuqhunyiswe iinqwelomoya yotshaba. City ngamandla abagcina ukuziphendulela. Guide wamnika imiyalelo engqongqo ukunganikezeli. Long ezintathu indawo nyanga Wayengavumi ukuba kubekho umhlaseli ukuba kwilizwe labo. Kodwa October 6, 1941 Bryansk kuyo.

Phambi kokubhiyozela amawaka amadoda kunye namakhosikazi abo zingamkelwa ukungenela umkhosi, baya ehlathini. Kuyinto le daredevils kuye zinabantu kwecala elithile.

Enye Julayi 3 Stalin kunomathotholo wabiza abantu ukuba ukuqala imfazwe komhlaba. Abahlali Bryansk ngohlangothi basabela kwisicelo. kwiintsuku ezimbini emva koko, iqela lokuqala kwasekwa. Ukususela ngo-Oktobha 1941 intshukumo yabanqolobi enomfutho.

Ukudala amaqela nomakhwapheni

Abaphindezeli ahlala emdeni kwizithili ezininzi. Ukongeza emahlathini Bryansk, ngabam ekufuphi ilizwe Dyatkovo, Kletnyanskoy, Nozipho. Ngentwasahlobo yowe-1942, kwakukho malunga iiyunithi i elinamanci ithathele kunye namaqela zaseMelika kwama-200. Kwaqala Glade yayiquka abantu 60,000, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba 8000 kubo abafazi.

Umsebenzi wabo iye yandinceda kakhulu ebantwini. Ezi imiphefumlo nesibindi wakhulula ngemizi, nemizana ngemizana, apho ukuhleleka ubudala, bakha iziko yenkcubeko kwaye yapapashwa ndaba yakhe.

Kamva, a uhlobo Bryansk republic ngokunomkhethe, eziquka Ukraine, Belarusians yaye baseRashiya sadalwa. Oku lula yi kwindawo entle geographical lommandla. Omnye umngeni ukuba wajamelana abaphindezeli - ukugcina sivuno phambi amajoni yotshaba.

Kwakhona, ngoncedo lwabo, Septemba 17, 1943 wakhululwa Bryansk kunye neendawo eziyingqongileyo. Kule kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ezininzi kunokuba mnandi ukuxelela imyuziyam "yabanqolobi Glade".

Alien kunye umakhi yayo

Iminyaka emininzi oku baya ekupheleni kwebali eyarhaxwayo yamajoni yehlathi. Kungenxa yoko le nto, ukuba ukukhumbula amaqhawe wabakhulula kwilizwe labo bahlaseli, kwagqitywa ukuvula isakhiwo lenkumbulo. Umhla baye bazama ukuba aye kuthetha isikhumbuzo lokukhululwa isixeko ngamaNazi. Umcimbi emisiweyo yaqhutywa Septemba 17, 1969. Indawo apho namhlanje kukho ilitye lesikhumbuzo, alukhethileyo injongo. Kwaba apha ngo-1941, kwintlanganiso yokuqala abavikeli nekamva lawo.

Le projekthi wabelwa iinkosi kakhulu elo xesha. Lomhleli elimisiweyo Basil Gorodkova. Loo "emnandi ngokunomkhethe" entsonkothileyo zadalwa yi icebo lakhe. Bryansk waba kwidolophu yakowabo ukususela 1948. Emva koko indoda ithunyelwe apha emva kokugqiba. umsebenzi yakhe ukubuyisela umba eyaphukileyo. Yena ngoko nangoko wamthanda nendalo Akumangalisi amahle abantu abalungileyo-natured. Apho ke sahlala, ukunikezela lo mhlaba bonke ubomi bakhe.

umoya amukela

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ukususela ekuqaleni zakhiwo isiseko ngokuphindaphindiweyo longeziweyo. Ukuphuhlisa ngayo ukususela ngoko.

ISikhumbuzo igcwele qhu izinto ezikhethekileyo, nganye obalisa ibali yeengxaki buhlungu inkululeko. "Kwaqala Glade" Bryansk - le yenye iingongoma eziphambili iimvakatjhi. Eneneni, oko ingqwalasela exabisa ihlawulwe kuyo.

Yamkela iindwendwe kunye cafes awodwa kunye namaxabiso kunye coffee emnandi. Ekungeneni oxhonywe isicwangciso site. Apho, iindwendwe sinokufumanisa lonke ulwazi malunga lenkumbulo. Nimiswe ukhankanyiwe kwaye ugcina nenjongo yokwakha.

Eyona nto iyimbalasane kule ndawo zembali

Umfanekiso abatyeleli encomekayo kakhulu 'Partizan entsithelweni. " Umbhali walo - Alexei Kobilinets. Master wachaza umntu uza kuyiphosa isiqhushumbisi. Nangona nto yokuba kufuneka isibindi enze, ubuso uhlala nani impassive. Akumangalisi ngokuchanileyo yabonisa intshukumo. Xa iindwendwe khangela imikrolo, kukho ukusebenza novelwano. Abantu bavakalelwa ombane enye njengeqhawe.

Enye inzuzo, nto leyo iba "engcotyeni ngokunomkhethe" imbaxa, i imyuziyam. Umqala wamantla ayo kwenzeka ngo-1977, xa bomda isikhumbuzo ngoSeptemba isixeko yakhululwa amaNazi. Avuleke ndithi malunga nendlela asakhulayo kunye nokukhula lomzabalazo. izinto zobuqu wamajoni, imiyalelo kunye iimbasa ngenxa yenkonzo yabo, nkqu umpu ngokwenene. Engena Museum, omnye ingena kwiminyaka 1941-43.

wasayina intliziyo

Oyena usembindini na elaa litye lithe i "Wall of Usizi". ubuhlungu Special ibangela ezintliziyweni weendwendwe. It yeni amagama amaqhawe afela inkululeko kwilizwe lawo. Emva kwegama ngalinye ubusithelisayo nxi umntu kaThixo, imfazwe zuka ubomi. Ngokubanzi, kukho ukhunjulwa amajoni 8,000 ongazange lizakulindela uloyiso. imifanekiso Umbhali evela imifanekiso ngqwabalala leyo nokhupho umoya, - Alexey Kobilinets. Near abasa emlilweni ongunaphakade, isitayile log ngamaplanga.

Abakhenkethi abaninzi atsaleleka umboniso izixhobo zomkhosi, Oqhayisayo "yabanqolobi Glade". Amafoto zithathwe kwezi meko, ingakumbi eqaqambileyo. Wabuthela njengoko iisampulu unguye World kunye iimeko ezininzi mihla.

Ingakumbi ababuki indawo belisoloko amaphenyane. Eya kuyo, ungenza va ubomi indlela luqalile. lesikhumbuzo Unique kwakhona ukuma enikelwe ezazivela zomkhosi. Ezi ndwendwe bayayinikwa ikopi Bryansk phambi phephandaba. Ngaba wabeka iintyatyambo kunye lesikhumbuzo lokomfuziselo sakhiwe imbeko iintatheli aphulukana nobomi bawo edabini. Bazama ukuba ibe khaphukhaphu iziganeko imfazwe.

Eluncedo umdla kakhulu

It imbaxa, 12 km ukuya empuma kwemida yesixeko esixekweni, ngasechwebeni emlanjeni Snezhet. Umgama ukuya eMoscow imalunga 350 km. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba indlela ekhokelela lenkumbulo, iye ingxelo ebalaseleyo. Kukho yokupaka simahla ngaphambili. ukuthenga itikiti akukho mfuneko. Abantu abadala bahlawula kuphela iindwendwe emnyango emyuziyam.

Iindwendwe zibonelelwa izimuncumuncu kwiitafile elungileyo ngamaplanga phantsi kwemithi yamandla phandle. Banikela iinkonzo zabo siyazi imbali kwabakhokeli zesixeko. Ukususela ku-Apreli ukuya ku-Oktobha ubaleka "yabanqolobi Glade" ku Bryansk. Indlela ukufika apho, uya yazise abahlali bendawo. Kodwa ke, nangona kunjalo, ungakwenza oko wena, kuba indlela uzele ngokoqobo zifuna. Esi sakhiwo sele umhombiso ephambili yale ngingqi. Indawo kungathi pine eziphakamileyo, Inomoya engaqhelekanga. Emva kokuchitha imini apha, uye bacebisa ngokomoya yaye ukuba siphinde kwakhona siphonononge ukuba feat yabantu elikhaliphileyo abangoyikiyo ukulwela ubomi free - nje kuphela, kodwa abantwana bethu bakhe. Le lesikhumbuzo - ithuba elihle ukufunda imbali ukuhlakulela nobuthandazwe.