Dekommunizirovat - na loo nto? Dekommunizirovannye emzini

Emva kokuwa yiSoviet Union ngo-1992 kwaye kokupheliswa Warsaw iSivumelwano Umbutho eYurophu waqalisa iinkqubo esebenzayo malunga nokuqonda elidlulileyo zobuKomanisi yaye iziphumo kubungangamsha Soviet. Ukuqonda ukuba dekommunizirovat - kukuthi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuphanda zolwaphulo of kolawulo lwamaKomanisi, urhulumente waqalisa ukuvula iifayile, wamisa iikhomishini kunye neenkundla ezizodwa.

Amava ebuhlungu eMpuma Yurophu

Uninzi amazwe aseMpuma Yurophu bawela kwisigaba yiSoviet unempembelelo ayikho ngokuzithandela. Kwaye le nto ekugqibeleni nempembelelo sengqondo yonk 'into eye oziswa ubuKomanisi. Noko ke, amazwe amaninzi kweminquba yali ukuqonda phezulu kakhulu iingxaki ilifa eSoviet. Dekommunizirovat kubo - kanti akunjalo kakhulu ukufumana amandla ukuphinda iimpazamo elidlulileyo, kodwa ukuzama ukusulela ityala imikhosi yangaphandle.

Inani labemi amazwe afana ne-Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, kunye Serbia, Kakade ke, unelungelo lokuba amanye amabango hayi kuphela oorhulumente zabo, kodwa ke eSoviet Union, leyo ngeendlela zonke ezikhoyo, kubandakanywa ungenelelo emkhosini, ezama ukugcina phantsi kolawulo geqe ekumbindi nakwimpuma Europe.

revolution Ukrainian and Decommunization

Kangangethuba elide, abantu Ukrainian kunye norhulumente babo isigqibo isimo sabo ukuba elidlulileyo eSoviet. Kodwa ke urhulumente, owathatha UViktor Yanukovych, waba iyavumelana kakhulu kule nkalo. E Ukraine, yaqala ukubonakala dekommunizirovannye mzi. ECrimea alichatshazelwa, njengoko bavotela abemi balo ukuba kwenzeke ne-Russia.

ingqalelo eyodwa lesikhumbuzo andifanele yinkokeli sabasebenzi. E Ukraine, ukuba iintatheli ekuthiwa "leninopadom". Ukuqonda ukuba dekommunizirovat - oko kukuthi, kuquka Sisusa yazo naziphi na izikhumbuzi zexesha elidlulileyo eSoviet, baloo dolophu waqalisa ukuba balahle neziseko zazo ezikhumbuzo uLenin. Noko ke, kuphela ngokuwa eqingqiweyo zange ayeke.

Ikhabhinethi laBaphathiswa yamkela iphakheji kwemithetho ukuba okunene dekommuniziroval elithetha - igama sonke isixeko igama layo ngexesha eSoviet. Esi sixeko wafumana Amagama amatsha, Dnepropetrovsk wajika waya Dnieper.

Ukuxelwa oovimba kunye ifana ne denazification

Uninzi abaxhasi decommunisation bakholelwa ukuba zonke ilizwe apho ubuKomanisi yaba urhulumente kufuneka athathe amanyathelo ngamacala ezenziwe ngelo xesha. Eneneni okt balandela umzekelo ngurhulumente waseJamani kwaye uqale ukugxotha amaKomanisi, ukuthintela zonke iisimboli kusikhumbuza nolobukomanisi.

Ezinye wabathetheli ezininzi olukhulu yale nkqubo bakholelwa ukuba urhulumente kufuneka ibe ngaphezulu dekommunizirovat kakhulu. Intsingiselo kubo, kulo mzekelo, nayo iquka le ngaso, okt izithintelo zomthetho kwi amalungelo nenkululeko abaxhasi karhulumente wangaphambili. Noko ke, asingabo bonke baxhase amanyathelo ezinzima kule ndlela enzima.

Hungarian amava decommunisation

Abahlali Hungary ngamava akhe ndaqonda nje inkohlakalo kulawulo yakhe, kodwa wazibonela kakuhle amandla yiSoviet Union, zicinezelwa kwimvukelo iitanki abemi ngo-1956.

Kuba Hungarian dekommunizirovat karhulumente - akukho nje ukuphelisa zeesimboli zamaKomanisi kwi lwefacade lwezakhiwo zikarhulumente; kodwa ukuthintela ngokupheleleyo ukusetyenziswa yileyo, ngokwembono Abawisi-mthetho, imihombiso yobusoshiyali.

Kwaye kule nkqubo abasemagunyeni of Hungary ubukomanisi nje prirovnyat ku German udushe, kwaye ulwaphulo-mthetho ulawulo wakhe Ngenkohlakalo. Ngoku, nabani na ugqiba ukuba umngeni ubunyani ulwaphulo-mthetho okanye ngenjongo yokuzama ukubaluleka kwabo, ubuso isigwebo entolongweni. INkundla mayimisele izohlwayo ukususela kunyaka omnye ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu.

Loo mthetho iye yamkelwa eBulgaria, apho kukho umntu enetyala phantsi kwalo. Wagwetywa iminyaka esixhenxe entolongweni, wakhululwa ngezizathu zempilo kamva ngonyaka. Ngoko ke, urhulumente omtsha iye yabonisa iiyantlukwano zalo ukusuka neyezingaphambili ngokuthi isigqibo ukuba bonakalise umntu kwizisele. Ngapha koko, loo nto yenze ngokungenabulungisa deskriditirovala inkohlakalo ubuKomanisi.

Dekommunizirovat - Yintoni gama ukuthini e Asia

Ngenxa yemigudu eSoviet Union, i kolawulo lobuKomanisi ziye zasekwa nje kuphela eMpuma Yurophu kodwa kumazwe amaninzi Asia. Kwaye kaninzi wezepolitiki phakathi angquzulanayo ezahlukeneyo wathabatha phezu imilo esibi ngokupheleleyo.

Umzekelo, Cambodia ngenxa yophando Khemri zolwaphulo ezibomvu olawulo, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba leengcali weZizwe eziManyeneyo kumisa inkundla ekhethekileyo. Amava ulawulo lwamaKomanisi kwakubuhlungu kakhulu kuba abantu balapha kunye nabaphetheyo bezopolitiko ajongene naye kwakungenakwenzeka ngaphandle koncedo loluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe. Emva kweminyaka emine kuphela e Cambodia babulawa abemi abamsulwa abamalunga nezigidi ezithathu.

uhulumeni Cambodia waba amagazi kangangokuba phantsi ingcinezelo abameli kuphela le-Elite kwezopolitiko yangaphambili babengekho, kodwa amaKristu, amaBhuda nongqondongqondo eziqhelekileyo, abo ingqalelo njengezinto yeklasi kuyingozi.

Akumangalisi ke ngoko, ukuba emva ukuwa yobukomanisi, urhulumente omtsha kwindawo yokuqala bagqiba ukuthiya ngokutsha nje ilizwe labo ukuba kude ngokwayo ukusuka neshologu, elungiselelwa ngurhulumente yileyo. Ukususela ngoko, Cambodia waziwa ngokuba Republic of Kampuchea.

Irhoxisiwe Decommunization e Russia

Kwangoko emva kokuwa yiSoviet Union, abemi melo-nye ligqibe ekubeni lenze de-Stalinization kunye de-Sovietization, okt balahle iisimboli ulawulo lwamaKomanisi kwaye kwakhona emva Khrushchev wabalahla Stalin.

Emva nemihlali jikelele, kunye Lubyanka Square sachithwa isikhumbuzo Dzerzhinsky - mhlawumbi omele kakhulu kwesigele amalungu zokhuseleko karhulumente. Ngelo xesha linye iisimboli amandla eSoviet isuswe kwezinye fronts, kodwa uninzi babo basinda. Liyalondolozwa neenkwenkwezi ebomvu phezu kweenqaba ezinde yesicelo.

Ezininzi izixeko Russian isiseko lomculo izikwere central, kunye nesakhiwo City Council kunye Ibhotwe of Culture, lo gama lesikhumbuzo uLenin. Isimo esinjalo ofanele ngokude hayi bonke abemi kunye nokwakhiwa badla oqingqiweyo kunye yinkokeli sabasebenzi abe Ithagethi lathatyathwa abonakalisi beprophathi, kodwa emva koko abasemagunyeni isixeko ngokukhawuleza kuhlaziya kwaye ukusipeyinta ezikhumbuzo, ezama ukusindisa ukusuka uhlaselo elandelayo. Dekommuniziroval - intsingiselo yegama elithi imikhosi yaseRashiya ukuba mhlawumbi nangoku kufundwe ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa ke kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ukuguqulwa ixesha.

ukunqulwa Renaissance Stalin kaThixo

Ngokukhawuleza kwaye kwacaca ukuba dekommunizirovat - le yinto enzima kakhulu ixesha, kwaye lingekho izimvo zoluntu, kuba nzima. Ngelishwa ke, ngenxa ukusilela decommunisation ilizwe ngexesha saka ukuvuselela ihlelo Stalin. Onke amaziko amatsha kunye ezintsha wammisa elizweni liphela, neziqapheleka ngakumbi republic North neAsia. Ngelo xesha waba akukho uphando sezenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho ngexesha omnipotence kwakhe apho.