Curare - iyityhefu ukuba abulale okanye okwethutyana yenze

Curare - igama nolahlo ngokubanzi ityhefu esinamandla eziveliswa komphunga izicatshulwa lwamanzi izityalo ezithile emvula. Le tyhefu Kudala basebenzisa bomthonyama abahlala eMzantsi Merika, kuba yingozi yotolo e neemeko nasebudeni ekuzingeleni kwakhe. Babesazi umthamo efunekayo ekufeni ekhawulezileyo okanye immobilization okwethutyana, ukuba utshaba iyafuneka uyaphila.

Ityhefu curare, kanye egazini, okukuchaphazela luvo. Okokuqala, iibhloko amaza-luvo, izihlunu ukukhubazeka kwenzeka. Emva koko akaphumeleli inkqubo yokuphefumla, isikhumba Ijika luhlaza, isibindi sobisi, kunokutshiseka - nokufa kwenzeka ngenxa yoko. Emva ukuqhagamshelana kunye nenyama kunye neziphumo umxube bezifo esiswini kungenzeki, oko kukuthi, izilwanyana kubulawa lutolo anetyhefu, oko edliwayo. Ngaphezu koko inyama yazo, ngokutsho bomthonyama, kuba nencasa ngakumbi, uthambile.

Ukwakhiwa kwale ityhefu ebulalayo ukuba amaYurophu ixesha elide yaqhubeka iyimfihlelo. Ukuphawulwa lwabangela ukuba mnandi eloyikekayo. iintsapho ezahlukileyo curare ubuhlungu efunyenwe iintlobo zezityalo kunye tracks. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi umxube ezibulalayo ezinempembelelo ahlukeneyo emzimbeni kwaye igcinwe phantsi kweemeko ezahlukileyo. Umzekelo, curare - iyityhefu evela Chondrodendron tomentosum - enza ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Sikugcine kwimibhobho entendeni kwezikhondo. Ityhefu evela Strychnos toxifera wenza kancinci, ezifana strychnine. Kuye zigcinwe iimbiza sodongwe.

Chondrodendron tomentosum - umdiliya, omnye ube loganiaceae intsapho abaninzi eMzantsi Merika. stem yayo lignified sisenokufikelela umnqamlezo-icandelo le-10 cm. Amagqabi leendima zesidiliya enkulu (ukuya kuma-20 cm), sertsevidnye kunye imithambo zibonwa kakuhle. Okwicala elingaphezulu amagqabi ezigudileyo; umzantsi wambu kancane ukukhanya. Flowers dioecious, ezincinane, ezibuhlazarha-cream, ukuba iqokelelwe yokudubula. Fruits ezincinane (2 mm), lume, tapering ezantsi.

Sisihlandlo sokuqala izityalo ezifumaneka iirekhodi Spanish umbingeleli d'Akunya ukuba zenziwe kubo 1693 ngo iisampulu ubuhlungu eYurophu kunye ubugcisa bemveliso bamweze sisazinzulu French Charles Marie de la Kordamenom (kuhlola ukuya Peru). The amaNdiya, Kakade, hayi curare elinikiweyo. izazinzulu Yad baye bebe nihlole, njengoko bomthonyama kwenza oko.

Amagqabi, Iingcambu nezikhondo Chondrodendron tomentosum nakhandiweyo, ugalele amanzi esojiwe abile kangangexesha elithile, de umxube eqinileyo. Ngelo xesha nye rhoqo uphazamisekile. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba asile wongezelela igazi amasele ezinetyhefu kunye nezinye izilwanyana. ityhefu ngaphantsi eyomeleleyo yaba umbala ukukhanya, kwakwenziwa kuso kuzingela. poison kakuhle kakhulu kwaye ezibulalayo lalingqingqwa kunye nentlaka livumba tacky. It yasetyenziswa nxamnye notshaba, kuwaphatha ameva, ezithi ke ngoko evuthelwe ngaphandle ityhubhu. Kuphela shaman wesizwe unelungelo lokwenza curare, iyityhefu sokungathobeli ukufa awanakho.

I esebenzayo into curare-yityhefu yi D-tubocurarine - alkaloid esebenzayo. Ukuba kusetyenziswa ngeedosi micro, iyakwazi ekuphembeleleni nemiphumo therapeutic. Le nto iye yasetyenziswa unyango kunye nokudumba, urolithiasis, impambano, ifiva, njalo njalo, kwaye bakwazi ukulisebenzisa xa kwimeko ngaphandle yokwenzakala Esiqinileyo cutha. Indian abathandazi wayesazi malunga neli ixesha elide, kwaye asetyenziswe enobuchule kwaye uqhubeke ukusebenzisa curare, iyityhefu.