Common plant oat zasendle

Ukhula uzisa kwiinkathazo ukwenzela amafama kunye egadini. Kodwa ke inkokheli ngobuhle balo kulo kunzima kakhulu ukuba balahle. Sikhula okuziinkozo yonke ehlwayelweyo. Kuyinto ezikufutshane ingqolowa entwasahlobo, ibhali, ihabile, ezenkcubeko kunye nezinye izityalo. Igama sokhula - oats zasendle zesiqhelo. Funda okungakumbi ngale isityalo kuchazwe kwinqaku.

morphology

Oat Wild (elinye igama - oat) - i isityalo ngonyaka ukuba ikhula kubude 80-120 cm Its iziqu ezi nkqo, ze. Inkqubo Ingcambu yi ezinezikhondo, ephuhliswe kakuhle kakhulu.

Ihamba ubude flat ka-30 cm, isiqu amalungiselelo linearly. Imilo ye ngqo okanye ejijekileyo kancinci ebalwa. Ndinencam umdla ciliated, ezihonjiswe iinwele enqabileyo elide (isiliya) emgceni.

Yokudubula - elide (30 cm) banabileyo panicle. Eso sityalo spikelets ezinkulu oats zasendle iintyatyambo-2 okanye ezi-3, esezansi ukususela ekuqaleni kukaJuni ukuya ekupheleni kuka-Agasti. Enye ikopi unika ukuya ku 500-600 iimbewu - iinkozo edibanise-ezimile. 1000 zasendle oat iziqhamo ubunzima 15-25 grams. Gcina iqhuma yazo ngokomyinge iminyaka 3-4, naphantsi kweemeko kakuhle ukuya kwiminyaka 7-9.

ukwanda

Ummandla ukusasazeka kwayo libanzi kakhulu. oats Wild, kwakunye nezinye ukhula ezininzi, kwaguqulwa ngokugqibeleleyo iimeko ezimbi zezulu. Kuyinto ukunyamezeleka kakuhle ngokufanayo ke ubushushu nengqele, izitshabalalisi "lula" ukuba musa ukuchukumisa, ngokugqibeleleyo ukukhuphisana namanye izityalo, zombini ukhula kunye nenkcubeko, ngokufuthi ngokuphumelela idabi yommandla.

oat zasendle Common ifumaneka kuyo yonke indawo Eurasia. Hi xikombiso, ku Kazakhstan, indawo yokunciphisa, izele oats engenanto imalunga 4-4.5 mln. Ha! ikhula Kwakhona kuzo zonke iimbombo North America, ufumaneka kuMntla Afrika. Namhlanje, oats zasendle ungena nzulu ezantsi, wamkela iimeko ezintsha owoyisayo ikhweyitha emazantsi kulo mhlaba.

Zeziphi iimeko ezifanelekileyo ekukhuleni oat zasendle

Iinkozo isiqhuma kubushushu of C bomhlaba 3-4 °, kodwa ubushushu kakhulu ezifanelekileyo ukuntshula - oko 15-18 ° C. Izithole kakhulu inokwenzeka lufumaneka iinkozo, ezo kubunzulu ka 10-15 cm, kodwa intshula phantsi amandla kunye ubunzulu 20-25 cm, 30-40 cm, nkqu phambi ukunyakama okwaneleyo kunye nemozulu ecacileyo ifudumele.

imbewu kuhlala phantsi kwazo zonke iimeko iminyaka emithathu, naphantsi sisihle - nkqu ukuya iminyaka elithoba.

Ngokwekhalenda iintsomi, omkhulu izithole oat zasendle kuvela kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa emva kwi birches okwentyatyambo zinamaqhina.

sisityalo ukungafuni - Ovsg eqhelekileyo. Yena ndiziphendulela iindlebe kwamabala kunye esezansi ehlotyeni ishushu. It akafi ngexesha lembalela kuyoluka. Ukuxinana izityalo zenkcubeko, oko ayitshintshanga emva ngokuhlaselwa izinambuzane nezifo. Lingcwaba lomfo izityalo kudidi trudnoiskorenimyh. Kunzima kakhulu ukuze aphumelele.

Ulwazi olunomdla nokusinda oats zasendle

Ukuba uthathe isiqhamo oats zasendle, uvuza phezu kwakhe inomfana phantsi amathontsi amanzi, i-inani ngokokuma kwento ngommangaliso 'iphile "! Uqala sihambe - kuqala ngokucotha, ejikelezayo ngoko ngokukhawuleza yaye ngokukhawuleza ngeenxa axis yayo. Le ndlela ivumela inani ngokokuma kwento ngokwazo ukuba sihlole emhlabeni ukuya kubunzulu oyifunayo. imvula Small ngokwaneleyo nokonakala imbewu oat zasendle zesiqhelo 'bayaphila' yaye ngokukhawuleza iye kutshona emhlabeni. Tper inani ngokokuma kwento ngomoya dolezhat de komnyaka ukunika amahlumelo amatsha.

harmfulness

Sekunjalo oats zasendle lonke ixesha zokulwa, kuba infests okuziinkozo yaye uzisa oluninzi ukonakaliswa kwezityalo:

• womisa ngamandla emhlabeni, kungasali ingqolowa yenkcubeko ibingenakunyakama. Ukuqulunqwa kwe-1 kg yeziqhamo kuthatha oats zasendle iilitha 700 zamanzi, xa kuthelekiswa ingqolowa - up to 500 yeelitha;
• icekethekise kakhulu umhlaba. 100 kg yembewu oat usebenzisa-50 kg ye-nitrogen, phosphorus - 10-15 kg potassium - 30 kg. 100 kg yengqolowa lwengqolowa kufuna-30 kg ye-nitrogen, phosphorus, 10 kg, 20 kg potassium;
• onabileyo ukubola kweengcambu;
• Kukhuthaza ukukhula Swedish iimpukane, nematodes, bunt;
• kunciphisa kakhulu izityalo cash hoxa (umz, izityalo zengqolowa manzi ukuba ihabile zasendle, ngoko Ungeniselo lwalo stably iwela ku-10 kg kwihektare nganye);
• Unqumle lula kunye ihabile yenkcubeko, ukunciphisa umgangatho yawo yokuzalela.

Iindlela womzabalazo

Ukuze aphumelele oats zasendle imichiza ukusetyenziswa zesiqhelo. ukusebenza High wabonisa "Horizon 080 ae" yaye "Super Isihloko 240 ae". Xa izityalo zerhasi Kucetyiswa ukuba basebenzise umchiza "yezihlunu 045".

Xa onakaliswe kakhulu oats engenanto kusetyenziswa amasimi, nelinqa, ukusetyenziswa imbewu conditioner.

Begadi adla ngokusetyenziswa yokulwa olu khula iyingozi kukucheba Namagatya akhe, ukuzama kutshabalalisa oats zasendle ziqhelekile isigaba emuncu kwaye yokuchitha imbewu emhlabeni. Kodwa le ndlela nizkoeffektiven ngenxa yale sityalo emangalisayo emuncu imbewu kwi panicle kolulwa ekuhambeni kwexesha. Kuthetha ukuthini? Phehla iqulathe kwimiqolo ezintathu kazhdoi apho iimbewu zivuthwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Emazantsi iinkozo yayisathe eluhlaza, yaye phezu abaye crumbled. yokuwonga Full kuthatha inyanga iphela! Enye indlela ukusinda ngokungummangaliso Mother Nature usinike oats zasendle zesiqhelo.

Kodwa loo nto bonke. kwenqanaba ngalinye beenkozo panicle zahluke ngembonakalo yaye eziphilayo neempawu, ibe ikamva labo:

• kwi tier asezantsi ezi iinkozo ezinkulu. Luhlala amabele;
• phakathi kwenqanaba iziqhamo ezincinane kancinane. msebenzi zazo eziphambili - ukubonelela uhlaziyo isithombo ngonyaka oats engenanto;
• imbewu ezincinane kwi kwenqanaba phezulu panicle. Zezona inenkohliso kakhulu ezinozinzo. Ihlala emhlabeni iminyaka ukuya ku 7-9, yaye xa umlimi wavuya kakhulu ukuba ndaphumelela entsimini yakhe ihabile zasendle zesiqhelo, ngesiquphe zintshule.

oats Wild imithi abantu

Khemikhali Ukubunjwa ukhula ayikaqondwa kakuhle, kodwa amaxhwele baye bafumana ungasayisebenzisiyo kuyo: sebenzisa ukunciphisa itywina kunye mathumba, ngokuba nokubeleka, ukukhulisa izihlunu ithoni zesibeleko, ukutshaya ukumisa zavismosti, ukujongana somhlaza.