Bulgakov House eMoscow. Trip kwiNdlu-Museum Bulgakov

Mhlawumbi ukufumana umntu onomdla iincwadi Russian, nto leyo ayibhuqwanga yi nentsusa kwento kunye nobunzulu inoveli "INkosi noMargarita". Enyanisweni, lo msebenzi, ibali malunga ngokubandezeleka kaYeshuwa Ha-isimemo kunye nasengqondweni kwanoPontiyo Pilato nemelene ngeziganeko ahlekisayo, kwaye umtyholi ivela njenge ecocekileyo wasemzini Voland, efana ukuba bathi njani namhlanje, bonisa, ebonisa ezimbi zabantu. Akumangalisi ukuba nangaliphi na ixesha, Bulgakov House e Moscow lizele abakhenkethi abafuna ukufunda okungakumbi ngalo umntu ongumnini udlala usiba kunye neenoveli, kwanyanzeleka ukuhleka uze ucinge ngale mibuzo elingunaphakade yobukho.

Bulgakov Mihail Afanasevich: kwincwadi engobomi bomntu (ukuya ekufikeni eMoscow)

Umbhali elizayo wazalwa ngo-1891 e Kiev. Emva kokugqiba kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo wabhalisa kwiYunivesithi (eyayiseKiev), waza wafunda kwi-Faculty of Medicine iminyaka bakhe abasixhenxe. Emva kokuphumelela, uMikhail Bulgakov wabuza ngaphambili, kodwa wala ngenxa yeengxaki zempilo, abewenzela iinyanga ezininzi ngugqirha kwindawo ngokungqalileyo. Emva kokuphila iminyaka konyaka eMoscow, ku-endlwini ugqirha malume, ngowe-1918, wabuyela eKiev waza waqalisa ishishini labucala njengoko venereologist. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva Mihaila Bulgakova ukuba bazilungiselela kungena umkhosi Ukrainian Abantu Republic, yaye emva koko kwi omkhosi of Southern Russia. Njengenxalenye yephulo yesiThathu webutho zombhali Terek wayesilwa North Caucasus nxamnye oluBomvu Army yaze yapapashwa amanqaku eziliqela kunye amabali kwi "amaphepha white" ekuhlaleni. Wagula ngenxa yesifo, MA Bulgakov ayikwazanga ashiye ilizwe kunye uninzi noogxa bakhe, kwaza kwanyanzeleka ukuba ahlale de ukuchacha Vladikavkaz. Apho wabhala imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala olukhulu.

Ubomi kwi komkhulu

Ekupheleni kuka-1921, Bulgakov kunye nomfazi wakhe bafika eMoscow waza waqala ukuzivakalisa ngamandla izincoko zabo satires kumaphephandaba metropolitan. kweminyaka 2 kamva umbhali wathabatha All-Russian Union of Ababhali, kwaye ngo-1926 i-Moscow Art Theatre ubambe 'Days of turbines "- umdlalo, efana kakhulu Iosifu Stalinu. Ngaphandle koku, M. A. Bulgakov uba rhoqo ekujoliswe ukugxekwa ngamagosa odumileyo zoncwadi. Ngenxa yoko, ngo-1930 umbhali yeyela akakholiswa nguye, yaye imidlalo zakhe engasekho bafakwa zemiboniso kweli lizwe, kwaye umsebenzi ashicilele. Emva koko Bulgakov wabhala ileta eya urhulumente waseSoviet kunye nesicelo okanye uvumele ukusebenza, okanye thutha kwamanye amazwe. Ngenxa yoko, ekuchubekeni ngokwakhe ngokuba iosif Stalin yaye bayacetyiswa ukuba azame ukulungisa le Moscow Art Theatre. Kakade ke, umbhali wenza ngaphandle kobunzima, yaye waze wazama ngesandla sakhe njengoko omdlali. Ngowe-1939, emva kokuba 'inkokheli yabantu "liye wavalwa ukuveliswa umdlalo ekuchubekeni ebizwa ngokuba" Batum ", impilo yakutshanje saqala ukwehla ngokukhawuleza. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuba phantse eemfama, uguqulelo 'iNkosi noMargarita "latest kwanyanzeleka ukuba basiyalele emfazini wakhe. Bulgakov Mihail Afanasevich, biography lizele yintlekele, wafa on March 10 1940 waza wangcwatyelwa Novodevichy emangcwabeni.

Museums eMoscow naseKiev

Namhlanje kwi eyinkunzi isebenza Cultural Centre "Indlu Bulgakov kaThixo". Ukongeza, kwi sakhiwo, kodwa yokungena eyahlukileyo, ibekwe imyuziyam karhulumente lunikezelwa umbhali. Kwidolophu lweenkobe Bulgakov likaThixo une into abakhenkethi umdla ezinxulumene igama zombhali. Oku njalo-ebizwa House of the samanzi. Le elise Kiev kwi Descent eSt Andrew kaThixo, 13 ..

Bulgakov House: Idilesi

Inzala umsebenzi umbhali, owabhala "Mfundisi noMargarita", liyanda minyaka le. Oku kungqinwa yinto yokuba kwiindawo "Bulgakov" of eMoscow usoloko ezixineneyo. Kwaye kukho ke kunokwenzeka ukuhlangabezana abantu abakubudala ezahlukeneyo. uhambo ezithandwa kakhulu zendlu Bulgakov, nto leyo libekwe ku ul. Bolshaya Sadovaya 10, emnyango-6. Ukufumana akukho nzima. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka ufumane ukuya kwisikhululo metro station "Mayakovskaya", hamba kwicala isalathisi "Museum of Bulgakov" kwaye uphumelele Hall. Tchaikovsky, eKhwencayo isakhiwo Theatre, umyezo "Aquarium" kwaye Kwimeko Military University of the Russian Defense Ministry.

Museum State: indalo yangasemva

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, iNdlu Bulgakov eMoscow sise ngexesha elifanayo amaziko amabini enkcubeko ezifanelekileyo umbhali kunye nomsebenzi wakhe. Eyokuqala kwezi yasekwa ngokomyalelo capital karhulumente kwi ekuthiwa-"kwigumbi embi". Eli gama ngumbumbi "zoluntu", zibekwe kumgangatho 4 inombolo yendlu 10 Bolshaya Sadovaya Street, kuye evela umbhali, ngubani wayichaza kwi "Mfundisi noMargarita". Kuyinto kwenye nesamagumbi ayo encinane ekwindla ka-1921 baza bahlala Bulgakov kunye nomfazi wakhe emva kokuya kwi kwikomkhulu. Apho wabhala emininzi imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala.

Ngowe-1990, iNgxowa-mali wadalwa ukuze ukwenza indawo zoluntu e Bulgakov Museum. Noko ke, kuya kuthatha iminyaka embalwa, ukuze kube imigudu abalandeli ezininzi anyanisekileyo italente ngumbhali buchopho akuphumelelanga. Enoba oko, ndlu Bulgakov waba yimyuziyam eMoscow waza waba ngomnye ezinomtsalane komkhulu.

Museum State: Inkcazelo

Bulgakov House-Museum iqulathe amagumbi mboniso 8. Axhoma le exposure ilandelayo:

• isifundo yombhali;
• "Ekhishini Communal";
• "Indlu Pigita";
• "Panel Blue";
• igumbi ophilileyo;
• "Izolo";
• "Le izinyuko ezimbi";
• "Shadows" project umboniso;
• lomboniso linocuts iker Spotsio emele imifanekiso ekwincwadi ethi "I-Master noMargarita".

Phakathi avuleke zexabiso - izinto zabo Bulgakov, kuquka ifanitshala kunye nezinye izinto ngaphakathi ukusuka indlu apho wachitha iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe. Kwakhona kukho ungabona inani ngqangi ababhali 'yemisebenzi yakhe edumileyo.

I "Fifth Dimension"

Njengoko usazi, olondolozo lwembali ihlabathi kule minyaka ilishumi idluleyo zithande ukuba kude izimiso emfundo babe interactive ngakumbi. Kwakhona, kukho isiqhelo ukuphunyezwa kweeprojekthi ebalulekileyo ekuhlaleni. Andifuni ukuhlala bucala kunye Museum House-yokuhlala Bulgakov. Ngokukodwa, msebenzi wakhe "I Fifth Dimension" ilungiselelwe ukunika ithuba lokuba abantu abanengxaki ngombono, ukuba bajoyine umsebenzi umbhali, kwakunye simazi avuleke ngokuva kwebala. Ngokukodwa, i-museum izaliswe umculo ngelo xesha, apho amaqhawe Bulgakov likhona kwaye wasebenza naye. Ukongeza, apho umdla ukuva irekhodi.

Museum-Theatre

Bulgakov House eMoscow liziko yokusabela kunye nenkcubeko, nto leyo ifumaneka kumgangatho wokuqala weso sakhiwo. Kuye kwavulwa ngo-2004. Iqhayiya iziko ngulowo kuphela ingcaciso yalo uhlobo elektroniki ngokuzinikela M. A. Bulgakovu, equlethe amaxwebhu ezingaphezu kwama-500 kwaye iifoto kwakunye ividiyo filimi leemveliso, wammisa wadubula phezu imisebenzi zombhali.

ihlele

Zombini amaziko enkcubeko - kunye nendlu-museum ka Bulgakov, kunye Centre - iindwendwe bamkelekile. Kwaye abo banqwenela ukuba ubone enxulumene umbhali "The Master noMargarita 'kunye' Days of Turbin," usoloko lukhulu! Ngokukodwa, utyelelo endlwini Bulgakov uyathandwa kungekuphela phakathi baseRashiya kodwa phakathi abakhenkethi bamanye amazwe. Ukuba ufuna ukuba atyelele eli ziko yenkcubeko, apho ungabona lesikhumbuzo ukuze umbhali uN Bazyuk nohlobo lesikhumbuzo le projekthi odumileyo AI Rukavishnikov, nto leyo lunikezelwa inoveli edume "Mfundisi noMargarita". Of umdla mkhulu uBharnabhas-isiqabu ekungeneni kunye nombhali efanayo.

Ithiyetha, Quest, tram

Endlwini Bulgakov bakaThixo nje simazi imiboniso olondolozo lwembali, koko kwakhona ukubona imidlalo kwenziwa troupes of abadlali wayesenza kulo myuziyam. Kwaye bonke abalandeli umsebenzi zombhali The House State Museum uyakumema ukuba badlale inxaxheba kwiphulo ubangel 'inxaxheba apho kuyimfuneko uziqhelanise imveliso "Mfundisi noMargarita".

Njengoko ubona, i-House of Bulgakov - na indawo yokuba kufuneka utyelele. Ke okona kubalulekileyo, kufuneka uthathe abantwana babo, nokuba bathe bakhetha iincwadi computer "abatoli". Njengoko ukubuyekeza, uninzi elivisayo baye apho, kuphathwe ilayibrari okanye ukukhangela iinguqulelo electronic imisebenzi yi Bulgakov.