Asidi Organic ngalinye ubomi bethu

asidi Organic zizinto zendalo kunye iipropati acid izinto ngendlela esulungekileyo izityalo, kwakunye uthatha uhlobo neetyuwa okanye esters - ze-oganikhi khompawundi

Xa lubeke ezamahala asidi hydroxy ezifana polybasic bafumana kaninzi kwi iziqhamo, umchiza ubonakala kwindawo yokuqala kwezinye izinto zesityalo ezifana neziqu, amagqabi, njalo-njalo. Ukuba ukhangela organic asidi, uluhlu lwabo olukhulayo rhoqo, kwaye ngokubanzi ayikho ivaliwe, loo ihlaziywa qho. asidi Sele ebonakalayo ezifana:

- adipic acid,

benzoic,

-dihloruksusnaya,

-valerianovaya,

-glikolievaya,

-glutarovaya,

citric,

-maleinovaya,

-margarinovaya,

-butyric,

lactic,

-monohloruksusnaya,

-muravinaya,

propionic,

-salitsilovaya,

-triftoruksusnaya,

-fumarovaya,

acetic,

-schavelevaya,

-yablochnaya,

succinic abaninzi kunye nezinye ii-asidi organic.

Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi izinto enokufunyanwa izityalo iziqhamo kunye berry. Kuba izityalo iziqhamo ziquka iiapilkosi, quince, Plum, iidiliya, cherries, amapere, iziqhamo citrus kunye apile, izityalo berry kwakhona oluphezulu cranberries, cherries, ubobo, cranberries, gooseberries, rasberries, currants abamnyama. Kwezi kusenze tartaric, citric, salicylic, oxalic, kwaye malic acid. Xa amaqunube iqulethe asidi eziphilayo, yaye kubandakanywa oluninzi benzoic acid.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, sasifunda iimpawu ezininzi asidi ngqo kwinkalo Pharmacology kunye neziphumo zebhayoloji emzimbeni womntu. Umzekelo:

• Okokuqala, organic acid - njengebalulekileyo amacandelo ukutya (ukutya, oko kukuthi, iiprotheni, amafutha kunye carbohydrate);
• okwesibini, ebangela umsebenzi secretory kwamadlala amathe; negalelo balance acid-base;
• wesithathu, thathani inxaxheba ebonakalayo ukwanda inyongo ngokwahlukana, sengqhele kunye ayo pancreatic;
• yaye ekugqibeleni, lo kubola.

ubumuncu yabo isusela ukusuka ezine Ixabiso pH (pH) anantlanu anantlanu.

Ukongeza, ii-asidi organic badlala indima ebalulekileyo kushishino ukutya njengoko umgangatho acting vyyavitel ngqo okanye iimveliso mgangathweni. Kuba indlela yamva ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kakhulu ion chromatography apho ixesha kungabonwa asidi kuphela organic, kodwa unako ezingaphiliyo. Ngenxa indlela ngasentla kunye conductivity ubhaqo conductometric Uyeke sibonisa ngenxa amaxesha phantse ezilishumi echanileyo ngaphezu komsebenzi ubhaqo aphansi ngumtshangatshangiso-ubude yelanga ukukhanya.
Identification yabucala asidi eziphilayo incindi yeziqhamo akukho nje kuyimfuneko ukuseka umgangatho tywala, nokwamkeleka kwayo ukusetyenziswa, kodwa nayo inegalelo inkcazo womgunyathi.
Ukuba sele ngqo iimpawu asidi carboxylic, ngoko ke ikakhulu ziquka:

- enika iphepha litmus ebomvu;

- lula enyibilikayo emanzini;

- kukho ubumuncu.

Kwakhona, i-asidi carboxylic ukuba umqhubi ebalulekileyo zombane ngokwaneleyo. Xa amandla kwawa yonke asidi kuba iqela electrolytes babuthathaka, ngaphandle, Kakade ke, formic acid, nto leyo ethatha-avareji yexabiso ubunzulu. Height ubunzima molekyuli carboxylic acid ichaphazela amandla kunye Ukubola bomzimba ubudlelwane umlinganiselo. Kunye ezithile metal ethile uba kunokwenzeka ukwahlukanisa hydrogen ukusuka acid kunye netyuwa, nto leyo kwacotha ngaphezu yokusebenzisana asidi kakhulu ezifana sulphuric okanye zehydrochloric. iityuwa zibonakala xa ithiyetha oxides ezisisiseko kunye neziseko.