Art Byzantine. inkcazelo emfutshane

Ekuphuhliseni uluntu kwayiphembelela kakhulu ilifa lenkcubeko baseRoma uBukhosi, baseByzantium uBukhosi, ubukumkani yaseYiputa kunye nezinye impucuko enkulu ngokulinganayo abaninzi. Inani elikhulu ezikhumbuzo izithethe weza ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, nokunikezela uluntu izithethe, amasiko kunye inqubo yabantu bamandulo.

art yaseByzantium - umzekelo zicacileyo oku. Emva kokwahlulwa omkhulu uBukhosi baseRoma wenyuka itrone baseConstantinople yookumkani, eshiya emva wobukumkani bakhe odinnadtsativekovogo isixa omkhulu amaxabiso zenkcubeko. izigaba Complex kwaye kunzima lophuhliso zembali bagqithisa kuphela ukukhula kunye nokuphuculwa zempucuko, kodwa banika ihlabathi indlela ezenziwe engalibalekiyo, yinxalenye encinane apho ifikeleleka ukuhlola abangaboniyo yaye ngoku.

art yaseByzantium waqala uphuhliso zalo kunye nenkqubo ngamakhoboka. A inguqulelo ezolileyo evela kudala ukuya kumaXesha Aphakathi kwakhona abeke ekuphuculeni inkcubeko i eba negalelo. Eli xesha luphawulwa ezikhumbuzo zobungangamela izakhiwo kunye arts. Kwaba ngoko ukuba bezakhiwo urhulumente wazama ukuba ilifa elikhulu ukuba wavuka abantu baphume omkhulu uBukhosi baseRoma.

A indima enkulu kwimizobo yaseByzantium yaba zokwamkelwa ubuKristu ngabantu. Le meko kufutshane kunye iindawo ezingafani ezinjengezo eRashiya, Georgia, Armenia, Serbia, njl Eli xesha sizalwa ngokubanzi ufakelo udaka eluphahleni kulwakhiwo yeetempile. Ixesha medieval kukuba uphuhliso kwiindawo ezifana ekudalweni amibala-bala, esekelwe kunye miniatures. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwesi sigaba, indima eyandayo edlalwa iconography. Kodwa indalo oqingqiweyo ayikwazi kuqhayisa yophuhliso ngamandla. Nangona kunjalo, lo ikhubalo ekhethekile nobuhle ekhethekileyo vutshila Byzantium waphoselwa ubomi zoluntu kunye nokusebenza nabantu karhulumente. Ngelo xesha elinye ibandla isetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kwinkonzo yoluntu. Ngokuhambelana iingcinga aphakathi kwabantu, umlawuli na umfundisi kaThixo. Amandla akhe kuxhaswa yi izixhobo onamandla yobufundisi.

art Fine waseByzantium kwakhona ukufumene utshintsho. Artists kwiinkulungwane zokuqala ixesha lethu zixhonyiwe indalo zabo ngemifanekiso ecacileyo eziye yanikelwa iimpawu yimizekeliso. Ductility kunye ukuphazamiseka izimiso zobuKristu - ezi mpawu ziphambili zale mizobo yexesha. Baye indawo umsebenzi, iphambili apho wayengokobuthixo. Ibinzana zobukhulu yokomoya yaba yinxalenye ye into ngasinye sobugcisa.

Ibandla yaba mhlalutyi ezinkulu kuphela. Eyona ndawo iphambili apho kwakukho uphuhliso kunye nokusekwa zobugcisa icon, esekelwe, amibala-bala nencwadi ezincinane. Imvelaphi zendalo umbala segolide, iinkalo abengezelayo ubuncwane kunye glazes, noyilo eqaqambileyo - ezi mpawu ziphambili phantse nawuphi na umsebenzi amagcisa ngexesha, nto leyo waduma ehlabathini lonke Byzantium. Ubugcisa urhulumente kudlule amanqanaba ezininzi kuphuhliso yayo. Eyokuqala isigaba lamaKristu okuqala (ukusuka 1 ukuya AD yesi-3). Oku kulandelwa ekuthiwa-ekuqaleni baseByzantium, echaphazela kwiinkulungwane yesithandathu yesixhenxe. Eli xesha yaziwa uphuhliso lwezakhiwo kunye ebhanyabhanya of Ravenna itempile. Emva kwakhe uza enesiqingatha kwenkulungwane utshintsho inyathelo iinkolelo ukuya apho i-Macedonian Renaissance, olwaqhubeka kwaze ngenkulungwane ye-11. ixesha ongamphambi kokugqibela koKuhlala waba xesha conservatism, yaye yaphela kunye nophuhliso lobugcisa enkulu baseByzantium imvelaphi lamaGrike kunye trends anti-ntlekele, nto leyo kubonakala Palaeologus Renaissance.