Architecture of Ancient Greece

Yamandulo izakhiwo Greek obukhuliswe ngamanqanaba amathathu. Isithuba malunga ukusuka 600 ukuya-480 gg BC. e. kuphawulwa ku vangama + ka ayehlasela basePersi. Emva kokuba ukukhululwa ezweni labo, amaGrike kwakhona waqala ukudala ngokukhululekileyo. Eli xesha kuthiwa "lwakudala".

ngezakhiwo abenzi bemilingo of Greece yamandulo afumana 480 323 iminyaka BC. e. Ngeli xesha, Aleksandrom Makedonskim owoyisa imimandla enkulu, zahluke kakhulu kwiinkcubeko zabo. Oku kuye kube nefuthe kuxhelo ubugcisa zoqobo zamaGrike.

ixesha kade - Hellenism - zigqitywe ngowe-30 g ye BC. e. Roma ngelo xesha yoyisa iYiputa yamandulo, zaba phantsi kwempembelelo Greece.

Xa ixesha akudala kukho amabhodlo yeetempile. Ezi zithinteli yamandulo ungomnye mpumelelo inkulu izakhiwo. Ngelo xesha, endaweni iinkuni Kwafika emarmore emhlophe kunye lekalika. Wavele, kwase yetempile yamandulo ikhaya yamaGrike. Kwakubonakala ngathi isakhiwo ebuxande, phambi apho ntsika zimbini zafakelwa. Le isakhiwo noko elula ukuba ziqalise ukwenza izicwangciso izakhiwo ezintsonkothileyo ngakumbi.

Njengoko umthetho, ibandla wabekwa qho asinde. Esi sakhiwo akabanga iifestile, ngaphakathi ababeyazi oqingqiweyo wesithixo. Esi sakhiwo yayibiyelwe kwiintsika ngenani ezimbini okanye elinye. Senza indima inkxaso uphahla gable kunye imiqadi kwisilingi. Ingaphakathi wavunyelwa ukuba aye kuphela kubabingeleli. Abanye abantu ukuze babone itempile evela ngaphandle. Ukwakhiwa ibandla eli limlulamela imithetho ethile isicelo mbalwa ngokuchanekileyo kuchazwa, ubungakanani, inani columns.

Le sesakhiwo Greece yamandulo waphawulwa ngenxa neendlela ezintathu: laseKorinte, Ionic, Doric.

Ekugqibeleni eqalisiweyo ixesha esidala. Ngenxa yoko, indlela Doric wayengunyana wamazibulo. Wayebalasele yi sitsalwe kunye lula. Igama Style livela ezizweni Doric ozidalileyo.

Indlela Ionic kwasekwa Asia Minor, kwindawo yayo Corinth. Ukusuka apho, wathabatha phezu Greece Ancient. Le sesakhiwo yale style kuvumelana nondiliseko columns. Indawo ephakathi kule ntloko eyayingathi umqamelo kunye iikona, aphothwe waziva.

Kweli xesha lamaGrike zakhiwo yamandulo yamaGrike azakubalulwa umnqweno buhle, a ubungangamsha ethile. Nangona amantloko ezisetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo aseKorinte (ngokubekwa le column). umhombiso yabo ilawulwa mibala seentyatyambo salo, ubukhulu becala obonisa amagqabi acanthus.

Ngowe-5 BC. e. Yamandulo izakhiwo Greek abanamava ngexesha layo. nempembelelo enkulu phezu vutshila eli thuba classic waba laseburhulumenteni odumileyo Pericles. wobukumkani bakhe yabalasela ekuqaleni ezinkulu zokwakha-isikali eAthene - iziko inkulu zobugcisa nezenkcubeko Greece yamandulo. umsebenzi enkulu lwaqhutywa kwi Acropolis - endulini yamandulo.

AmaGrike sanako ngezakhiwo ukuba yimbumba egqibeleleyo izakhiwo umxholo eyakhayo bezobugcisa.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngo-5 BC. e. It nayo ngexesha layo, nakubugcisa kunye sculpture of Greece yamandulo. Ngeli xesha, ezikhumbuzo omkhulu zembali zadalwa. Noko ke, kude kube namhlanje walondoloza imisebenzi yokuqala abakroli zamaGrike.

Emakhulwini 7-6 BC. e. eqingqiweyo kwahluka lohlukanisa Akumangalisi - elinye ilungu lomzimba olunamagama enye. Imifanekiso zaye ethungelanayo kwizikhundla - umzimba dystrophy sicinezelweyo iingalo eyolukileyo. Nangona kungekho naluphi uphawu intshukumo (ukujikeleza okanye ukuthambeka intloko), eqingqiweyo imilebe ziye ziyachazwa an uncumo lula. art oqingqiweyo lamathuba kamva iphawulwa ntlobo-ntlobo.

Ngo elinye BC. e ngenxa yokwanda ebonakalayo uBukhosi baseRoma, nakubugcisa yamandulo yamaGrike kuthatha ngakumbi iimpawu bahlaseli, ukulahlekelwa ezabo.